Stronger effect of litter quality than microorganisms on leaf and root litter C and N loss at different decomposition stages following a subtropical land use change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liao ◽  
Chunyan Long ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Cheng Xiaoli
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
N Loss ◽  
Root Litter ◽  
C And N ◽  
Decomposition Stages

scholarly journals Maize root and shoot litter quality controls short-term CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and bacterial community structure of arable soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1181-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Sophie Rummel ◽  
Birgit Pfeiffer ◽  
Johanna Pausch ◽  
Reinhard Well ◽  
Dominik Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Maize Root ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Soil Mineral N ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Root Litter ◽  
C And N

Abstract. Chemical composition of root and shoot litter controls decomposition and, subsequently, C availability for biological nitrogen transformation processes in soils. While aboveground plant residues have been proven to increase N2O emissions, studies on root litter effects are scarce. This study aimed (1) to evaluate how fresh maize root litter affects N2O emissions compared to fresh maize shoot litter, (2) to assess whether N2O emissions are related to the interaction of C and N mineralization from soil and litter, and (3) to analyze changes in soil microbial community structures related to litter input and N2O emissions. To obtain root and shoot litter, maize plants (Zea mays L.) were cultivated with two N fertilizer levels in a greenhouse and harvested. A two-factorial 22 d laboratory incubation experiment was set up with soil from both N levels (N1, N2) and three litter addition treatments (control, root, root + shoot). We measured CO2 and N2O fluxes, analyzed soil mineral N and water-extractable organic C (WEOC) concentrations, and determined quality parameters of maize litter. Bacterial community structures were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maize litter quality controlled NO3- and WEOC availability and decomposition-related CO2 emissions. Emissions induced by maize root litter remained low, while high bioavailability of maize shoot litter strongly increased CO2 and N2O emissions when both root and shoot litter were added. We identified a strong positive correlation between cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions, supporting our hypothesis that litter quality affects denitrification by creating plant-litter-associated anaerobic microsites. The interdependency of C and N availability was validated by analyses of regression. Moreover, there was a strong positive interaction between soil NO3- and WEOC concentration resulting in much higher N2O emissions, when both NO3- and WEOC were available. A significant correlation was observed between total CO2 and N2O emissions, the soil bacterial community composition, and the litter level, showing a clear separation of root + shoot samples of all remaining samples. Bacterial diversity decreased with higher N level and higher input of easily available C. Altogether, changes in bacterial community structure reflected degradability of maize litter with easily degradable C from maize shoot litter favoring fast-growing C-cycling and N-reducing bacteria of the phyla Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. In conclusion, litter quality is a major driver of N2O and CO2 emissions from crop residues, especially when soil mineral N is limited.

C and N stocks are not impacted by land use change from Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado) to agriculture despite changes in soil fertility and microbial abundances

2017 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Renato Lammel ◽  
Klaus Butterbach-Bahl ◽  
Carlos Eduardo P. Cerri ◽  
Sandrine Louis ◽  
Jörg-Peter Schnitzler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Brazilian Savanna ◽  
C And N

scholarly journals Plant traits relate to whole-community litter quality and decomposition following land use change

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1016-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. QUESTED ◽  
O. ERIKSSON ◽  
C. FORTUNEL ◽  
E. GARNIER
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Plant Traits

scholarly journals Land-Use Change on Soil C and N Stocks in the Humid Savannah Agro-Ecological Zone of Ghana

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 32-68
Author(s):  
Johnny Kofi Awoonor ◽  
Fowzia Adiyah ◽  
Bright Fafali Dogbey
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Relationships between bacterial diversity, microbial biomass, and litter quality in soils under different plant covers in northern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1089-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Ndaw ◽  
A. C. Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
E. F. Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
K. R.N. Sales ◽  
A. S. Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
C And N

Microbial populations are primarily responsible for the decomposition of organic residues, the nutrients cycle, and the flow of energy inside of soil. The present study was undertaken to link soil microbiological and soil biochemical parameters with soil- and litter-quality conditions in the surface layer from 5 sites differing in plant cover, in stand age, and in land-use history. The aim was to see how strongly these differences affect the soil microbial attributes and to identify how microbiological processes and structures can be influenced by soil and litter quality. Soil and litter samples were collected from 5 sites according to different land use: preserved forest, nonpreserved forest, secondary forest, pasture, and eucalyptus plantation. Soil and litter microbial biomass and activity were analysed and DNA was extracted from soil. The DNA concentrations and soil microbial C and N correlated positively and significantly, suggesting that these are decisive nutrients for microbial growth and time required for microbial biomass renewal. The litter microbial biomass represented a source of C and N higher than soil microbial biomass and can be an important layer to contribute to tropical soil with low C and N availability. The litter quality influenced the litter and soil microbial biomass and activity and the soil bacterial diversity. The chemical and nutritional quality of the litter influenced the structure and microbial community composition in the eucalyptus plantation.

scholarly journals Soil nitrogen-hydrolyzing enzyme activity and stoichiometry following a subtropical land use change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Junjun Wu ◽  
Jinsheng Li ◽  
Jiao Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Afforestation; Soil ecoenzymatic C: N: P; Specific enzyme activities; Soil C and N contents.

scholarly journals Maize root and shoot litter quality controls short-term CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions and bacterial community structure of arable soil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Sophie Rummel ◽  
Birgit Pfeiffer ◽  
Johanna Pausch ◽  
Reinhard Well ◽  
Dominik Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Maize Root ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Root Litter ◽  
C And N

Abstract. Chemical composition of root and shoot litter controls decomposition and, subsequently, C availability for biological nitrogen transformation processes in soils. While aboveground plant residues have been proven to increase N2O emissions, studies on root litter effects are scarce. This study aimed (1) to evaluate how fresh maize root litter affects N2O emissions compared to fresh maize shoot litter, (2) to assess whether N2O emissions are related to the interaction of C and N mineralization from soil and litter, and (3) to analyze changes in soil microbial community structures related to litter input and N2O emissions. To obtain root and shoot litter, Maize plants (Zea mays L.) were cultivated with two N fertilizer levels in a greenhouse and harvested. A two-factorial 22-day laboratory incubation experiment was set up with soil from both N levels (N1, N2) and three litter addition treatments (Control, Root, Root+Shoot). We measured hourly CO2 and N2O fluxes, analyzed soil nitrate and water extractable organic C (WEOC) concentrations, and determined quality parameters of maize litter. Bacterial community structures were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maize litter quality controlled NO3− and WEOC availability and decomposition related CO2 emissions. High bioavailability of maize shoot litter strongly increased CO2 and N2O emissions, while emissions induced by maize root litter remained low. We identified a strong positive correlation between cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions, supporting our hypothesis that litter quality affects denitrification by creating plant litter associated anaerobic microsites. The interdependency of C and N availability was validated by analyses of regression. Moreover, there was a strong positive interaction between soil NO3− and WEOC concentration resulting in much higher N2O emissions, when both NO3− and WEOC were available. A significant correlation was observed between total CO2 and N2O emissions, the soil bacterial community composition and the litter level, showing a clear separation of Root+Shoot samples of all remaining samples. Bacterial diversity decreased with higher N level and higher input of easily available C. Altogether, changes in bacterial community structure reflected degradability of maize litter with easily degradable C from maize shoot litter favoring fast growing C cycling and N reducing bacteria of the phyla Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria.

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