Relationships between bacterial diversity, microbial biomass, and litter quality in soils under different plant covers in northern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1089-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Ndaw ◽  
A. C. Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
E. F. Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
K. R.N. Sales ◽  
A. S. Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
C And N

Microbial populations are primarily responsible for the decomposition of organic residues, the nutrients cycle, and the flow of energy inside of soil. The present study was undertaken to link soil microbiological and soil biochemical parameters with soil- and litter-quality conditions in the surface layer from 5 sites differing in plant cover, in stand age, and in land-use history. The aim was to see how strongly these differences affect the soil microbial attributes and to identify how microbiological processes and structures can be influenced by soil and litter quality. Soil and litter samples were collected from 5 sites according to different land use: preserved forest, nonpreserved forest, secondary forest, pasture, and eucalyptus plantation. Soil and litter microbial biomass and activity were analysed and DNA was extracted from soil. The DNA concentrations and soil microbial C and N correlated positively and significantly, suggesting that these are decisive nutrients for microbial growth and time required for microbial biomass renewal. The litter microbial biomass represented a source of C and N higher than soil microbial biomass and can be an important layer to contribute to tropical soil with low C and N availability. The litter quality influenced the litter and soil microbial biomass and activity and the soil bacterial diversity. The chemical and nutritional quality of the litter influenced the structure and microbial community composition in the eucalyptus plantation.

Relationships between C and N availability, substrate age, and natural abundance 13C and 15N signatures of soil microbial biomass in a semiarid climate

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1605-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff S. Coyle ◽  
Paul Dijkstra ◽  
Richard R. Doucett ◽  
Egbert Schwartz ◽  
Stephen C. Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Natural Abundance ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Semiarid Climate ◽  
C And N ◽  
Substrate Age

C and N availability affects the 15 N natural abundance of the soil microbial biomass across a cattle manure gradient

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dijkstra ◽  
O. V. Menyailo ◽  
R. R. Doucett ◽  
S. C. Hart ◽  
E. Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Natural Abundance ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
C And N ◽  
N Natural Abundance

The relationships between microbiological attributes and soil and litter quality in pure and mixed stands of native tree species in southeastern Bahia, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 887-895
Author(s):  
Emanuela F. Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
Antonio Carlos Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
Nairam F. Barros ◽  
Maria Kellen S. Moço
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
C And N ◽  
Native Tree Species

This study was conducted to link soil and litter microbial biomass and activity with soil and litter quality in the surface layer for different pure and mixed stands of native tree species in southeastern Bahia, Brazil. The purpose of the study was to see how strongly the differences among species and stands affect the microbiological attributes of the soil and to identify how microbial processes can be influenced by soil and litter quality. Soil and litter samples were collected from six pure and mixed stands of six hardwood species ( Peltogyne angustifolia , Centrolobium robustum , Arapatiella psilophylla , Sclerolobium chrysophyllum , Cordia trichotoma , Macrolobium latifolium ) native to the southeastern region of Bahia, Brazil. In plantations of native tree species in humid tropical regions, the immobilization efficiency of C and N by soil microbial biomass was strongly related to the chemical quality of the litter and to the organic matter quality of the soil. According to the variables analyzed, the mixed stand was similar to the natural forest and dissimilar to the pure stands. Litter microbial biomass represented a greater sink of C and N than soil microbial biomass and is an important contributor of resources to tropical soils having low C and N availability.

Dynamics of carbon and nitrogen in a long-term cropping system and permanent pasture system

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
FA Robertson ◽  
RJK Myers ◽  
PG Saffigna
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Net Mineralization ◽  
C And N

On the brigalow lands of south-east Queensland, productivity of sown perennial grasses is severely limited by N availability, whereas annual crops grown on the same soil are N-sufficient. The dynamics of C and N were compared under in these soils under permanent green panic (Panicum maximum var. trichoglume cv. Petrie ) pasture and continuous cropping with grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Although the sorghum system was more productive, it contained 18% less N and 29% less C. Annual flows of C and N through the soil microbial biomass were, respectively, 4500 and 240 kg ha-1 under sorghum, and 4050 and 60 kg ha-1 under pasture. Over 80% of C and N inputs to the sorghum system occurred after harvest. Under pasture, the continuous supply of residues of high C/N ratio (50-75) enabled the development of a large and active microbial biomass, which competed with the pasture plant for N, resulting in slow net mineralization of N and low levels of inorganic soil N. Under sorghum, the size of the microbial biomass was limited by C availability during the growing season. The sorghum residues had slightly lower C/N ratios (36-46), and their rapid decomposition and net mineralization of N were promoted by the fallow period and soil cultivation. Estimated annual C turnover through the soil microbial biomass was slightly faster under sorghum, and annual N turnover was around seven times faster under sorghum than under green panic. The productivity of these soils under the two management systems was controlled by the amount, quality and timing of organic matter inputs. These in turn controlled the size of the soil microbial biomass and its C and N supply, and hence the balance between immobilization and mineralization of N.

Variation in soil microbial biomass in the dry tropics: impact of land-use change

Soil Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Nandita Ghoshal
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
C And N

The impact of land-use change on soil microbial biomass carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) was studied through two annual cycles involving natural forest, degraded forest, agroecosystem and Jatropha curcas plantation. Soil microbial biomass C and N, soil moisture content and soil temperature were analysed at upper (0–10 cm), middle (10–20 cm) and lower (20–30 cm) soil depths during the rainy, winter and summer seasons. The levels of microbial biomass C and N were highest in the natural forest, followed in decreasing order by Jatropha curcas plantation, degraded forest and the agroecosystem. The highest level of soil microbial biomass C and N was observed during summer, decreasing through winter to the minimum during the rainy season. Soil microbial biomass C and N decreased with increasing soil depth for all land-use types, and for all seasons. Seasonal variation in soil microbial biomass was better correlated with the soil moisture content than with soil temperature. The microbial biomass C/N ratio increased with the soil depth for all land-use types, indicating changes in the microbial community with soil depth. It is concluded that the change in land-use pattern, from natural forest to other ecosystems, results in a considerable decrease in soil microbial biomass C and N. Jatropha plantation may be an alternative for the restoration of degraded lands in the dry tropics.

scholarly journals Tillage, Mulching and Nitrogen Fertilization Differentially Affects Soil Microbial Biomass, Microbial Populations and Bacterial Diversity in a Maize Cropping System

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Methuselah Mang'erere Nyamwange ◽  
Ezekiel Mugendi Njeru ◽  
Monicah Mucheru-Muna
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
C And N

Determination of biologically active components of the soil organic matter, such as soil microbial biomass carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) can be used as indicators for variations in soil productivity due to changes in soil management. Soil agronomic management practices bring about changes in the physical and chemical properties of the soil, resulting in variations in soil microbial biomass and microbial diversity. The effects of tillage, mulch and inorganic fertilizers on soil microbial biomass C and N, microbial populations and bacterial diversity were determined from the treatment combinations which had been applied for 5 years in Central Kenyan Highlands. The test crop used was maize (Zea mays L.). The study involved conventional and minimum tillage systems, mulching and inorganic fertilizers (120 kg N/ha). Tillage (P < 0.001), mulch (P < 0.001), and fertilizer (P = 0.009) significantly affected soil microbial biomass C and N whereby minimum tillage and mulch increased soil microbial biomass C and N. Interestingly, minimum tillage and mulch recorded the highest bacteria and fungi CFUs compared to conventional tillage and inorganic fertilizers. Only fertilizer and mulch (P < 0.001) had significant effect on actinobacteria CFUs. Amplified ribosomal DNA analysis (ARDRA) showed that the highest genetic distance of 0.611 was recorded between treatments conventional tillage + no mulch + no NPK fertilizer and conventional tillage + no mulch + NPK fertilizer. The results demonstrate that minimum tillage and mulching are attractive soil agronomic management practices since they increase soil microbial biomass and bacterial diversity in agricultural soils.

Global soil microbial biomass decreases with aridity and land‐use intensification

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1056-1069
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Wan ◽  
Xinli Chen ◽  
Zhiqun Huang ◽  
Han Y. H. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Land Use Intensification ◽  
Global Soil

scholarly journals Soil Aggregation and Organic Carbon Dynamics in Poplar Plantations

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Ge ◽  
Shuiyuan Fang ◽  
Han Chen ◽  
Rongwei Zhu ◽  
Sili Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon

Soil resident water-stable macroaggregates (diameter (Ø) > 0.25 mm) play a critical role in organic carbon conservation and fertility. However, limited studies have investigated the direct effects of stand development on soil aggregation and its associated mechanisms. Here, we examined the dynamics of soil organic carbon, water-stable macroaggregates, litterfall production, fine-root (Ø < 1 mm) biomass, and soil microbial biomass carbon with stand development in poplar plantations (Populus deltoides L. ‘35’) in Eastern Coastal China, using an age sequence (i.e., five, nine, and 16 years since plantation establishment). We found that the quantity of water-stable macroaggregates and organic carbon content in topsoil (0–10 cm depth) increased significantly with stand age. With increasing stand age, annual aboveground litterfall production did not differ, while fine-root biomass sampled in June, August, and October increased. Further, microbial biomass carbon in the soil increased in June but decreased when sampled in October. Ridge regression analysis revealed that the weighted percentage of small (0.25 mm ≤ Ø < 2 mm) increased with soil microbial biomass carbon, while that of large aggregates (Ø ≥ 2 mm) increased with fine-root biomass as well as microbial biomass carbon. Our results reveal that soil microbial biomass carbon plays a critical role in the formation of both small and large aggregates, while fine roots enhance the formation of large aggregates.

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