Development and norming of the Hungarian CDI‐III: A screening tool for language delay

Objective: To determine if the Core Language Screen, a widely-used language screening tool, accurately identifies language delay in children from a disadvantaged community. Method: Participants were 234 children with mean age 4;07 years attending primary and preschools in a city area designated as disadvantaged in the south of Ireland. Participants were assessed on the CLS (screen) and full CELF-P2UK (gold standard) test. Sensitivity and specificity levels of the CLS were calculated. Main results: In total, 73 (31%) children had language delay on the CELF P2UK but of this group 34 (47%) passed the CLS screen. This gives the CLS a low sensitivity level of 0.53. In contrast, only one child with normal language failed the screen. This gives the CLS an excellent specificity level of 0.99. The results revealed an unusual profile of weaker receptive compared to expressive skills in all children, although it was particularly evident in those with language delay. Conclusion: The CLS failed to identify almost half the group with delays and therefore is not an accurate language screening tool for clinical or research purposes. Further research is needed to investigate not only the poor identification accuracy of the CLS but also the children’s unusual profile of weaker receptive and stronger expressive language skills.

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The Language Development Survey

Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders ◽

10.1044/jshd.5404.587 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 587-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 418

Author(s):

Leslie Rescorla

Keyword(s):

Language Development ◽

Screening Tool ◽

False Negative ◽

Language Delay ◽

Expressive Vocabulary ◽

Prevalence Data ◽

Public And Private ◽

Preschool Language ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Vocabulary Score

This paper reports data from four studies using the Language Development Survey (LDS), a vocabulary checklist designed for use as a screening tool for the identification of language delay in 2-year-old children. A survey completed by the parent in about 10 min, the LDS displayed excellent reliability as assessed by Cronbach's alpha and test-retest techniques. Total vocabulary score as reported on the LDS was highly correlated with performance on Bayley, Reynell, and Preschool Language Scale expressive vocabulary items. The LDS was found to have excellent sensitivity and specificity for the identification of language delay, with a criterion of fewer than 50 words or no word combinations at 2 years yielding very low false positive and false negative rates. Data from three of these studies demonstrate the utility of the LDS as a screening tool for children attending public and private pediatric practices. Prevalence data using the LDS are reported comparing three different severity cutoffs for more than 500 children in seven survey samples.

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Assessment of Language in Young Children

The Oxford Handbook of Infant, Toddler, and Preschool Mental Health Assessment ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199837182.013.13 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 314-333

Author(s):

Leslie A. Rescorla

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Language Impairment ◽

Specific Language Impairment ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Language Assessment ◽

Good Clinical Practice ◽

Language Delay ◽

Late Talkers ◽

Research Findings ◽

Efficient Screening

Language delay is one of the major reasons that young children are referred for developmental or psychological evaluation. When no more primary condition is present, a child with a language delay is diagnosed with specific language impairment, with children ages 2 to 3 usually called late talkers. A vocabulary checklist such as the Language Development Survey (Rescorla, 1989) is an efficient screening tool for identifying language delay in toddlers. Research findings in five major domains of language and communication (gestures/play, phonology/vocalizations, vocabulary, grammar, and pragmatics) are reviewed, as well as standardized and naturalistic methods for assessing development in each domain. It is good clinical practice to screen for psychopathology when conducting a language assessment of young children, even though many preschoolers with language delay do not have significant psychopathology. Findings on associations between language delay and behavioral/emotional problems are reviewed, as well as commonly used rating forms for identifying maladjustment.

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Concurrent Validity of the Language Development Survey: Associations With the MacArthur—Bates Communicative Development Inventories

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/1058-0360(2005/016) ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 156-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Leslie Rescorla ◽

Nan Bernstein Ratner ◽

Peter Jusczyk ◽

Anne Marie Jusczyk

Keyword(s):

Language Development ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Parent Report ◽

Language Delay ◽

Semantic Categories ◽

Rank Ordering ◽

Communicative Development ◽

Vocabulary Score

This study examined the concurrent validity of the Language Development Survey (LDS), a 310-word parent report screening tool for language delay in toddlers, by testing its associations with the MacArthur—Bates Communicative Development Inventories: Words and Sentences (CDI:WS), a 680-word parent report instrument. Participants were 239 toddlers 23–25 months of age. The correlation between total vocabulary score on the 2 instruments was .95, and correlations across comparable semantic categories ranged from .84 to .94. The correlation between the LDS and the CDI:WS for mean length of phrases calculated on 3 examples of the child’s longest and best phrases was .90. Both instruments demonstrated that parents reported higher vocabulary and mean phrase length scores for girls. The study indicates that information obtained from the LDS about rank ordering of toddlers in terms of their reported vocabulary and mean length of phrases is equivalent to that obtained from the longer CDI:WS.

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Language Development Survey Provides a Useful Screening Tool for Language Delay in Preterm Infants

Clinical Pediatrics ◽

10.1177/0009922812439244 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 51 (7) ◽

pp. 638-644 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Roschanak Mossabeb ◽

Kelly C. Wade ◽

Kathryn Finnegan ◽

Emidio Sivieri ◽

Soraya Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Language Development ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Language Delay

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Validation of language evaluation scale Trivandrum in children aged 3 -6 years attending well baby clinic in a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20164591 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Avinash Singraiah ◽

Pavan Hegde ◽

Hazel D. Mendonsa

Keyword(s):

Language Development ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Language Delay ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Speech Delay ◽

Baby Clinic ◽

Simple Screening

Background: Delay in language development is often an early and most sensitive indicator of intellectual disability. Language delay should be detected in early stages for early intervention, so our study is to validate a simple screening tool to assess language and speech delay in a tertiary care setting. Present study was conducted to validate LEST to use in pediatric clinics to identify delay in language development among children of 3-6years, and to compare LEST and extended receptive expressive emergent scale (Extended REELS).Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study done in children aged 3-6 years attending well baby clinic at a tertiary care hospital. Total sample size was 100. After the written informed consent, LEST was applied to all children initially and then extended REELS was administered in the department of speech and hearing.Results: The prevalence of language and speech delay in the present study was 16%. When one item delay was taken as ‘LEST delay’ (test positive), the sensitivity and specificity of LEST was found to be 25% and 80% respectively with a negative predictive value of 85% and Likelihood ratio (LR - negative) of 0.9. When two item delay was taken as ‘LEST delay, sensitivity and specificity, was found to be 44% and 99% respectively with a negative predictive value of 91% and LR (negative) of 0.5.Conclusions: The 16% prevalence of language delay in the children indicates the need for an early identification and for it a simple screening tool like LEST is a must during the routine evaluation of young children in pediatric clinics.

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Exploring the Classification Accuracy of the Early Communication Indicator (ECI) With Dual-Language Learners From Latinx Backgrounds

Assessment for Effective Intervention ◽

10.1177/15345084211027138 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153450842110271

Author(s):

Marika King ◽

Anne L. Larson ◽

Jay Buzhardt

Keyword(s):

Language Learners ◽

Classification Accuracy ◽

Dual Language ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Parent Report ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Language Delay ◽

Dual Language Learners ◽

Early Communication ◽

Language Screening

Few, if any, reliable and valid screening tools exist to identify language delay in young Spanish–English speaking dual-language learners (DLLs). The early communication indicator (ECI) is a brief, naturalistic measure of expressive communication development designed to inform intervention decision-making and progress monitoring for infants and toddlers at-risk for language delays. We assessed the accuracy of the ECI as a language-screening tool for DLLs from Latinx backgrounds by completing classification accuracy analysis on 39 participants who completed the ECI and a widely used standardized reference, the Preschool Language Scales, 5th edition—Spanish, (PLS-5 Spanish). Sensitivity of the ECI was high, but the specificity was low, resulting in low classification accuracy overall. Given the limitations of using standalone assessments as a reference for DLLs, a subset of participants ( n = 22) completed additional parent-report measures related to identification of language delay. Combining the ECI with parent-report data, the specificity of the ECI remained high, and the sensitivity improved. Findings show preliminary support for the ECI as a language-screening tool, especially when combined with other information sources, and highlight the need for validated language assessment for DLLs from Latinx backgrounds.

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Triumphs and Challenges of Implementing a Nursing Bedside Swallow Screening Tool: A Stroke Coordinator's Perspective

Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) ◽

10.1044/sasd18.4.129 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 129-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kelly Poskus

Keyword(s):

Screening Tool ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Swallow Screening

Abstract The bedside swallow screen has become an essential part of the evaluation of a patient after stroke in the hospital setting. Implementing this type of tool should be simple. However, reinforcement and monitoring of the tool presents a challenge. Verifying the consistency and reliability of nurses performing the bedside swallow screen can be a difficult task. This article will document the journey of implementing and maintaining a reliable and valid nursing bedside swallow screen.

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