Flower bud thrips ( Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom) population diversity and sources of resistance among Benin cowpea germplasm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Symphorien Agbahoungba ◽  
Benjamin Datinon ◽  
Maxwell Billah ◽  
Hospice Tossou ◽  
Eric Agoyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Diversity ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti

scholarly journals Screening Twenty Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Genotypes for Resistance to Thrips (Megalurothrips sjöstedti) in Burkina Faso

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Sidibé Hamadou ◽  
Batiéno Benoit Joseph ◽  
Tignigré Jean Baptiste De La Salle ◽  
Kusi Francis ◽  
Ouédraogo Tinga Jeremy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Research Station ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Total Crop ◽  
Crop Yield Loss

Losses caused by flower thrips in cowpea are important. These pests can cause from 60% to total crop yield loss. There is, therefore , an urgent need to address this issue. This work has been undertaken to identify sources of resistance to thrips in cowpea. Twenty cowpea genotypes were screened at Kamboinsé research station under improve netting in pots.  The number of aborted flowers per line, the percentage of damage to flowers and stipules, and the number of thrips per genotype were evaluated. The results revealed the existence of six genotype of cowpea resistant to thrips. Among these genotypes three are already known thrips resistant lines (TVU1509, TVx3236 and Sanzi). Moreover, Sanzi showed interesting potentialities that maybe exploited. The new identified lines are Nafi, variety popularized in 2012 and variety KVx780-3 which is being popularized. The KVx165-14-1 (old popular variety) showed sources of tolerances while the KN1 genotype was susceptible to thrips. In another hand, all the wild genotypes showed high susceptibility to thrips.

scholarly journals The sensitivity of flower bud thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), on cowpea to three concentrations and spraying schedules of Piper guineense Schum. & Thonn. extracts

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Oparaeke
Keyword(s):  
Limited Resource ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Synthetic Insecticide ◽  
African Black ◽  
Untreated Check

The extracts of pods of West African black pepper, <i>Piper guineense</i>, at 5, 10 and 20% (w/v), were applied at two, four and six weekly schedules to control the legume flower bud thrips, <i>Megalurothrips sjostedti</i> on flowers of cowpea, <i>Vigna unguiculata</i>. The trials were conducted for 2 years under rain fed conditions in the northern Guinea savanna region of Nigeria. The results showed that the <i>M. sjostedti</i> population was significantly controlled on treated plots compared with the untreated check in both years. The extracts at the 20 and 10% rates and with six or four weekly applications significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) reduced thrips pressure on cowpea flowers, were better than the 5% extract at all spraying schedules, and had the same efficacy as the synthetic insecticide treatment. Pod density per plant was significantly higher (<i>P</i> < 0.05) on plots treated with the 20% extract at six or four weekly applications compared to other extract rates and was similar to that of the synthetic insecticide treatment. Thus, the extracts could be a good alternative to the synthetic insecticides on organically managed farms as well as on farms of limited resource farmers in the tropics and subtropics.

Screening of 25 cowpea genotypes for resistance to Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom in southern Ghana

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bonney ◽  
John Saviour Yaw Eleblu ◽  
Vincent Eziah
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
University Of Ghana ◽  
Moderately Resistant

In sub-Saharan Africa, Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom are the most destructive insect pest of cowpea. It causes approximately 100% reduction in cowpea yield. Synthetic insecticides are widely used in controlling this pest, however, health and environmental hazards are another challenge. This study sought to evaluate 25 cowpea genotypes from Ghana, Mali, Nigeria, Niger, Burkina Faso, Togo and South-Sudan for resistance to this pest under field screening using a 5 by 5 alpha lattice design with 2 checks at University of Ghana farms. The results revealed Laduni 1B as resistant, 20 moderately resistant and 4 susceptible genotypes were also identified in this study. In the determination of correlated and non-correlated variables, ten traits were reported important to the resistance of cowpea genotypes to flower bud thrips. The genotypes with resistance could be used to introgress the resistant trait into other preferred but susceptible cowpea varieties.

scholarly journals Transcriptome-Derived Microsatellite Markers for Population Diversity Analysis in Archidendron Clypearia (Jack) I.C. Nielsen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Li ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Fagen Li ◽  
Qijie Weng ◽  
Changpin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Genomic resources including transcriptomic sequences and molecular markers remain scarce in the medicinally important woody legume genus Archidendron F. Mueller. Here we conducted transcriptome sequencing, genic microsatellite marker development, and population diversity analysis in Archidendron clypearia (Jack) I.C. Nielsen. Flower and flower bud transcriptomes were de novo assembled into 173,172 transcripts, with an average transcript length of 1597.3 bp and an N50 length of 2427 bp. A total of 34,701 microsatellite loci were identified from 26,716 (15.4%) transcripts. Primer pairs were designed for 718 microsatellite loci, of which 456 (63.5%) were polymorphic. Of the 456 polymorphic markers, 391 (85.7%) and 402 (88.1%) were transferable to A. lucidum (Benth.) I.C. Nielsen and A. multifoliolatum (H.Q. Wen) T.L. Wu, respectively. Using a subset of 15 microsatellite markers, relatively high genetic diversity was detected over two A. clypearia populations, with overall mean expected heterozygosity (He) being 0.707 and demonstrating the necessity of conservation. Relatively low differentiation between the two populations was revealed despite the distant separation (about 700 km), with overall inbreeding coefficient of sub-population to the total population (Fst) being 8.7%. This suggests that A. clypearia has mainly an outcrossing mating system and weak genetic structure. These results will offer valuable resources and information for further genetic studies and practical applications in Archidendron and the related taxa.

scholarly journals Effect of Native Soap on Insect Pests and Grain Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) in Asaba and Abraka during the Late Cropping Season in Delta State, Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Egho ◽  
E. C. Enujeke
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maruca Vitrata ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Legume Pod Borer

<p>Studies were conducted to test the effectiveness of native soap against cowpea insect pests during the late cowpea cropping season in two agro-ecological zones-Asaba and Abraka, Delta State. Four major insect pests, namely the cowpea aphid, <em>Aphis craccivora</em> Koch, the legume flower bud thrips, <em>Megalurothrips sjostedti </em>Tryb, the legume pod borer, <em>Maruca vitrata </em>Fab and pod sucking bugs were studied. The experiment was made up of five treatments-1, 2 and 3 percent concentrations of native soap, cypermethrin (as conventional chemical and check) and a control. Each treatment was replicated three times. The experiment was arranged into a randomised complete block design (RCBD). The results showed that all the major insect pests occurred in the study areas but were more at Asaba compared to Abraka. Native soap was effective against <em>A. craccivora </em>and flower bud thrips population at Asaba. <em>Maruca vitrata </em>was not affected by soap application. Grain yield was high at Abraka and significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher than Asaba. The use of native soap as non-conventional insecticide in cowpea insect pests management appears promising, more so as it is not expensive and safe to handle. Farmers may prefer it to synthetic chemical pesticides with their associated dangers.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic variability and trait association under thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom) infestation in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.)

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnson Oluwaseyi Toyinbo ◽  
Christian Fatokun ◽  
Ousmane Boukar ◽  
Morakinyo Abiodun Bamidele Fakorede
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Sub Saharan

AbstractFlower bud thrips is one of the most destructive insect pests of cowpea in sub-Saharan Africa. Information on genetic variability among cowpea germplasm and interrelationships among traits under thrips infestation would facilitate the development of resistant varieties. The objectives of the study were to assess genetic variability for thrips resistance, estimate heritability of yield and other traits and investigate inter-trait relationships under thrips infestation. One hundred and fifty-six cowpea lines, including one resistant and one susceptible check, were screened for resistance under natural infestation at two locations in Nigeria, in 2016. Test lines were scored for thrips damage weekly for three consecutive weeks, after removal of spreader plants, to obtain damage scores (DS) 1, 2 and 3 while data were collected on agronomic traits. The data were subjected to analysis of variance from which genetic components of the phenotypic variance were computed. Interrelationships among traits were determined using phenotypic and genotypic correlation, and sequential path analyses. Significant variability was observed among test lines. Lines TVu 6824 and TVNu 1307 were identified as possessing thrips resistance. DS3 had significant genetic and phenotypic correlations with DS1, DS2 and yield-related traits. Number of pods per peduncle, number of peduncles per plant and DS3 were identified as first-order traits. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.55 to 0.73. Genetic variability among the lines suggests the possibility of genetic control of thrips while number of pods per peduncle, number of peduncles per plant and DS3 would serve as useful selection criteria for thrips resistance.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Flower Bud Thrips Resistance (Megalurothrips sjostedti) in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) in Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamadou Sidibe ◽  
Benoit Joseph Batieno ◽  
Tinga Jeremy Ouedraogo ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Tignegre ◽  
Mahamadou Sawadogo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti
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