scholarly journals Screening Twenty Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Genotypes for Resistance to Thrips (Megalurothrips sjöstedti) in Burkina Faso

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Sidibé Hamadou ◽  
Batiéno Benoit Joseph ◽  
Tignigré Jean Baptiste De La Salle ◽  
Kusi Francis ◽  
Ouédraogo Tinga Jeremy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Research Station ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Total Crop ◽  
Crop Yield Loss

Losses caused by flower thrips in cowpea are important. These pests can cause from 60% to total crop yield loss. There is, therefore , an urgent need to address this issue. This work has been undertaken to identify sources of resistance to thrips in cowpea. Twenty cowpea genotypes were screened at Kamboinsé research station under improve netting in pots.  The number of aborted flowers per line, the percentage of damage to flowers and stipules, and the number of thrips per genotype were evaluated. The results revealed the existence of six genotype of cowpea resistant to thrips. Among these genotypes three are already known thrips resistant lines (TVU1509, TVx3236 and Sanzi). Moreover, Sanzi showed interesting potentialities that maybe exploited. The new identified lines are Nafi, variety popularized in 2012 and variety KVx780-3 which is being popularized. The KVx165-14-1 (old popular variety) showed sources of tolerances while the KN1 genotype was susceptible to thrips. In another hand, all the wild genotypes showed high susceptibility to thrips.

scholarly journals Exploiting Thrips Aggregation Pheromones to Develop a Lure-and-Kill Strategy for the Management of the Bean Flower Thrips

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1269
Author(s):  
David K. Mfuti ◽  
Amanuel Tamiru ◽  
William D. J. Kirk ◽  
Adeyemi O. Akinyemi ◽  
Heather Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Aggregation Pheromones ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Antifungal Effects ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Management Alternative ◽  
Trap Catches

The potential of semiochemicals to lure insect pests to a trap where they can be killed with biopesticides has been demonstrated as an eco-friendly pest management alternative. In this study, we tested two recently characterized male-produced aggregation pheromones of the bean flower thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom), namely (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate (major) and (R)-lavandulol (minor), for their field efficacy. Moreover, compatibility of these pheromones and two other thrips attractants, Lurem-TR and neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate, with the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 69 has been determined. Our study revealed that the M. sjostedti aggregation pheromones have dose-dependent antifungal effects on the EPF viability, but showed no fungistatic effect at a field-realistic dose for attraction of thrips. (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate had similar antifungal effects as neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate 8 days after exposure; whereas, Lurem-TR had a stronger antifungal effect than other thrips attractants. In the semi-field experiments, all autoinoculation devices maintained at least 86% viability of M. anisopliae conidia after 12 days of exposure. Field trials demonstrated for the first time that (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate increases trap catches. Our findings pave a way for designing a lure-and-kill thrips management strategy to control bean flower thrips using autoinoculation devices or spot spray application.

Flower bud thrips ( Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom) population diversity and sources of resistance among Benin cowpea germplasm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Symphorien Agbahoungba ◽  
Benjamin Datinon ◽  
Maxwell Billah ◽  
Hospice Tossou ◽  
Eric Agoyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Diversity ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti

scholarly journals Influence of Flower Thrips on Fusarium Hardlock Severity

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 1423-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Mailhot ◽  
J. J. Marois ◽  
D. L. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Field Plots

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fiber is sometimes affected by hardlock, which is characterized by a failure of the fiber to expand outward from the boll at maturity. Because affected fiber is inaccessible to mechanical harvesters, yield loss can be considerable. Hardlock has been linked to infection by Fusarium verticillioides. The involvement of flower thrips (Frankliniella spp.), which are commonly found in cotton flowers, was explored. At 1100 h, approximately 10% of cotton flowers contained thrips that were carrying F. verticillioides. The effect of thrips and/or Fusarium in flowers and bolls was explored under greenhouse conditions. Exposing flowers to Fusarium and thrips resulted in bolls with the most severe symptoms. Exposure to either Fusarium or thrips alone resulted in more hardlock than was noted in the control group. The impact of thrips was also evaluated under field conditions. Field plots were treated with insecticides, a fungicide, both, or left untreated. Insecticides reduced thrips numbers and reduced hardlock severity. The fungicide had no impact on thrips numbers and was less effective at reducing hardlock. Combining insecticide and fungicide applications was no more effective than using insecticides alone, although it more frequently increased yield. The untreated control plots generally had the most severe hardlock and lowest yields. Reducing hardlock severity resulted in higher yields, although not consistently. These studies suggest that thrips increase the severity of hardlock, and reducing their numbers may diminish hardlock severity.

scholarly journals Effect of Harvesting Stages on Seed and Oil Yield of Rapeseed-mustard to Suitable in a Cropping Pattern

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. H. M. Motiur Rahman Talukder ◽  
Mrityunjoy Biswas ◽  
Mohammad Noor Hossain Miah ◽  
M. A. Kashem ◽  
Lutfun Nahar
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Green Stage ◽  
Full Maturity

Aim: To find out the optimum harvesting stage of high yielding rapeseed-mustard varieties to fit in rice based cropping pattern. Study Design: The field study was arranged following RCB (factorial) design with three replications. Place and Duration of the Study: Agronomy field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jamalpur (located between 24°34ʹ and 25°26ʹ North latitude and 89°40ʹ and 90°12ʹ East longitude), Bangladesh during 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. Methodology: Seeds of mustard varieties viz. BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15, Binasarisha-4 & Tori-7 were sown in line maintaining 30cm spacing on 02 November, 2015 and 06 November, 2016. This varieties were harvested at four different harvesting stages viz. H1= Green stage of siliquae, H2= Pale yellow stage of siliquae, H3= Golden yellow stage of siliquae and H4= Full maturity stage of siliquae. Green stage of siliquae was determined just at seven to ten days after all flower droppings of crop while the pale and golden yellow stage of siliquae was determined when 40%-50% and 70%-80% bearing turned into light yellow and deep yellow in color respectively. Full maturity stage of siliqua was determined when lower bearing just brust out. Results: BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15 (B. campestris) and Binasarisha 4 (B. napus) may be harvested at pale yellow stage of siliquae at 73, 82 and 78 DAS (average of two years) considering 11.0% seed and 3.15% oil yield; 10.0% seed and 1.56% oil yield; 6.60% seed and 3.90% oil yield loss respectively than full maturity stage of siliquae. Conclusion: BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15 and Binasarisha 4 need to be sown within first week of November in districts named Mymensingh (located 24°15′ and 25°15′ N and 90°49′ E longitudes),  Jamalpur (located 24°34ʹ and 25°26ʹN latitude and 89°40ʹ and 90°12ʹ E longitude) and Tangail (located 24°01′ and 24°47′ N latitudes and 89°44′ and 90°18' E longitudes) and the crop should be harvested at pale yellow stage of siliquae (within 73-82 days period) sacrificing seed and oil yield loss to some extent to introduce HYVs of rapeseed-mustard in rice based cropping pattern.

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