Solid organ donation after death in the United States: Data‐driven messaging to encourage potential donors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1642-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Bambha ◽  
Alexandra Shingina ◽  
Jennifer L. Dodge ◽  
Kevin O’Connor ◽  
Sue Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
States Data

scholarly journals Cognitive mapping as an approach to facilitate organ donation among African Americans

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110294
Author(s):  
Jayme E Locke ◽  
Rhiannon D Reed ◽  
Richard M Shewchuk ◽  
Katherine L Stegner ◽  
Haiyan Qu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
The United States ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Empirical Framework

Making up 13.4% of the United States population, African Americans (AAs) account for 28.7% of candidates who are currently waiting for an organ donation. AAs are disproportionately affected by end-organ disease, particularly kidney disease, therefore, the need for transplantation among this population is high, and the high need is also observed for other solid organ transplantation. To this end, we worked with the AA community to derive an empirical framework of organ donation strategies that may facilitate AA decision-making. We used a cognitive mapping approach involving two distinct phases of primary data collection and a sequence of data analytic procedures to elicit and systematically organize strategies for facilitating organ donation. AA adults ( n = 89) sorted 27 strategies identified from nominal group technique meetings in phase 1 based on their perceived similarities. Sorting data were aggregated and analyzed using Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analyses. Among 89 AA participants, 68.2% were female, 65.5% obtained > high school education, 69.5% reported annual household income ≤ $50,000. The average age was 47.4 years (SD = 14.5). Derived empirical framework consisted of five distinct clusters: fundamental knowledge, psychosocial support, community awareness, community engagement, and system accountability; and two dimensions: Approach, Donor-related Information. The derived empirical framework reflects an organization scheme that may facilitate AA decision-making about organ donation and suggests that targeted dissemination of donor-related information at both the individual-donor and community levels may be critical for increasing donation rates among AAs.

Near-Drowning

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
Debra H. Fiser
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western United States ◽  
King County ◽  
Near Drowning ◽  
Time Period ◽  
States Data ◽  
Low Income Groups ◽  
Bodies Of Water

Definition Drowning is defined as death caused by submersion, whereas near-drowning connotes survival for some time period following submersion. The following remarks pertain to the near-drowning victim who presents for acute medical management. Epidemiology Because reporting of near-drowning incidents is incomplete, most of the available epidemiologic information focuses on drowning deaths, which number more than 6500 per year in the United States. Data from King County, Washington, however, suggest that near-drownings slightly out-number drownings. Drowning rates are highest for children under the age of 5 years and between the ages of 15 and 24 years. Males drown 4 times more frequently than females. African-Americans and low-income groups also are affected disproportionately, except for those drownings involving boats and residential swimming pools, which more often are owned by middle class groups. Drownings peak during the summer months and are most common in the southern and western United States and Alaska. Forty to 45% of all drownings occur while the victim is swimming and 12% to 29% are boat-related. Alcohol plays a substantial role in these deaths. Between one half and three quarters of all drownings occur in lakes, ponds, rivers, and the ocean. More than 40% of all submersions in these bodies of water involve older adolescents or young adults.

scholarly journals Risk of Kaposi sarcoma after solid organ transplantation in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (11) ◽  
pp. 2741-2748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Cahoon ◽  
Martha S. Linet ◽  
Christina A. Clarke ◽  
Karen S. Pawlish ◽  
Eric A. Engels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Solid Organ

Dr. Wegman Replies

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-388
Author(s):  
Myron E. Wegman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cautionary Note ◽  
State Information ◽  
States Data

Dr. Baum's point is well taken and emphasizes the importance of the cautionary note included in the introduction to the article each year. "All the United States data for 1974 are estimates based upon a 10% sample of material received in state offices. . . . Experience has shown that for the country as a whole the estimate is very close to the subsequent final figures. There are, however, considerable variations in a few of the states; state information should be interpreted cautiously."

Annual Summary of Vital Statistics—1976

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-804
Author(s):  
Myron E. Wegman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
The World ◽  
States Data ◽  
International Data ◽  
Health Organization

Data for this article, as in previous reports,1 are drawn principally from the Monthly Vital Statistics Report,2-5 published by the National Center for Health Statistics. The international data come from the Demographic Yearbook6 and the quarterly Population and Vital Statistics Report,7 both published by the Statistical Office of the United Nations, and the World Health Statistics Report,8 published by the World Health Organization. All the United States data for 1976 are estimates by place of occurrence based upon a 10% sample of material received in state offices between two dates, one month apart, regardless of when the event occurred. Experience has shown that for the country as a whole the estimate is very close to the subsequent final figures.

scholarly journals Herpes Zoster Risk in Immunocompromised Adults in the United States: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. e125-e134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susannah L McKay ◽  
Angela Guo ◽  
Steven A Pergam ◽  
Kathleen Dooling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Cell Transplants

Abstract Background The primary reported risk factors for herpes zoster (HZ) include increasing age and immunodeficiency, yet estimates of HZ risk by immunocompromising condition have not been well characterized. We undertook a systematic literature review to estimate the HZ risk in immunocompromised patients. Methods We systematically reviewed studies that examined the risk of HZ and associated complications in adult patients with hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT), cancer, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and solid organ transplant (SOT). We identified studies in PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane, Scopus, and clinicaltrials.gov that presented original data from the United States and were published after 1992. We assessed the risk of bias with Cochrane or Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methods. Results We identified and screened 3765 records and synthesized 34 studies with low or moderate risks of bias. Most studies that were included (32/34) reported at least 1 estimate of the HZ cumulative incidence (range, 0–41%). There were 12 studies that reported HZ incidences that varied widely within and between immunocompromised populations. Incidence estimates ranged from 9 to 92 HZ cases/1000 patient-years and were highest in HCT, followed by hematologic malignancies, SOT, and solid tumor malignancies, and were lowest in people living with HIV. Among 17 HCT studies, the absence of or use of antiviral prophylaxis at <1 year post-transplant was associated with a higher HZ incidence. Conclusions HZ was common among all immunocompromised populations studied, exceeding the expected HZ incidence among immunocompetent adults aged ≥60 years. Better evidence of the incidence of HZ complications and their severity in immunocompromised populations is needed to inform economic and HZ vaccine policies.

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