scholarly journals Sex differences in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and post‐traumatic stress disorder: Are gonadal hormones the link?

2019 ◽  
Vol 176 (21) ◽  
pp. 4119-4135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gogos ◽  
Luke J. Ney ◽  
Natasha Seymour ◽  
Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen ◽  
Kim L. Felmingham
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Hormonal Contraception and the Brain: Examining Cognition and Psychiatric Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-131
Author(s):  
Stephanie Laird ◽  
Luke J. Ney ◽  
Kim L. Felmingham ◽  
Andrea Gogos
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Brain

Background: The combined oral contraceptive pill (OC), containing synthetic estrogens and progestins, is used by millions of women worldwide, yet little is known about its effects on cognition or on psychiatric disorders. The progestin component of OCs determines their androgenicity, i.e. whether the OC has androgen binding components with masculinising effects or antiandrogenic components with feminising effects. Objective: The present review discusses the literature surrounding OC use and cognition in healthy women. Given the important role that sex hormones play in psychiatric disorders, we also consider the influence of OCs on symptoms of schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders and indirectly, sleep quality. Results: Research has shown that while there are no differences between OC users and non-users, androgenic OCs enhance visuospatial ability and anti-androgenic OCs enhance verbal fluency. Little is known about OCs effects on other cognitive domains, such as memory and executive function. There is little research examining OC use in schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder and anxiety disorders. There is some evidence that OC use is associated with depression, however the exact causality of this association remains to be verified. Conclusion: We maintain that future studies need to address several methodological limitations, such as separating OCs based on androgenicity to avoid the masking effects that occur when various OCs are considered as one group. As this review highlights several significant effects of OC use on the brain, the implications of OC use needs to be considered in future research.

Increased Suicidal Ideation in Patients with Co-Occurring Bipolar Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia M. Carter ◽  
Timothy J. Arentsen ◽  
Matthew J. Cordova ◽  
Josef Ruzek ◽  
Robert Reiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

333. Sex Differences in Leukocyte Composition and Transcriptional Profiles Associated with Lifetime Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. S136-S137
Author(s):  
Grace Kim ◽  
Don Armstrong ◽  
Karestan Koenen ◽  
Allison Aiello ◽  
Sandro Galea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Transcriptional Profiles ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Apparent Comorbidity of Bipolar Disorder in a Population With Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 179 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. McLay ◽  
Vasudha Ram ◽  
Jennifer Webb-Murphy ◽  
Alicia Baird ◽  
Anita Hickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic stress disorder among adolescents with bipolar disorder and its relationship to suicidality

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C Dilsaver ◽  
Franco Benazzi ◽  
Hagop S Akiskal ◽  
Kareen K Akiskal
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic
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