Phylogenetic Overdispersion in Lepidoptera Communities of Amazonian White-sand Forests

Ketapang area is one of lower part or southern sub-province of West Kalimanatan Province, which is located geographically between 108o40’ and 111o20’ in Longitude and between 0o20’ and 3o04’ in Latitude. This area has various of industrial mineral resources, for example quartz sand. Quartz sand or also calledwith white sand is the reasult of rock weathering that contents main mineral, such as quartz, and felsdpar. Then, the result of weathering is cleaned and transported by water or wind and deposited in the stream side, lake or sea. In this paper will bedescribed concerning to locations, characteristics, and usages of quratz sand in Ketapang area, West Kalimantan Province. Based on chemical or laboratory analysis and interpretation, the quartz sands can be used as glass industry, cement industry material, and moulding industry.

Over 30% efficiency bifacial 4-terminal perovskite-heterojunction silicon tandem solar cells with spectral albedo

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94848-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sangho Kim ◽

Thanh Thuy Trinh ◽

Jinjoo Park ◽

Duy Phong Pham ◽

Sunhwa Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cell ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Crystalline Silicon ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Solar Spectrum ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Short Circuit Current Density ◽

Production Costs ◽

White Sand ◽

Reflected Light

AbstractWe developed and designed a bifacial four-terminal perovskite (PVK)/crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction (HJ) tandem solar cell configuration albedo reflection in which the c-Si HJ bottom sub-cell absorbs the solar spectrum from both the front and rear sides (reflected light from the background such as green grass, white sand, red brick, roofing shingle, snow, etc.). Using the albedo reflection and the subsequent short-circuit current density, the conversion efficiency of the PVK-filtered c-Si HJ bottom sub-cell was improved regardless of the PVK top sub-cell properties. This approach achieved a conversion efficiency exceeding 30%, which is higher than those of both the top and bottom sub-cells. Notably, this efficiency is also greater than the Schockley–Quiesser limit of the c-Si solar cell (approximately 29.43%). The proposed approach has the potential to lower industrial solar cell production costs in the near future.

A NEW SPECIES OF GNATCATCHER FROM WHITE-SAND FORESTS OF NORTHERN AMAZONIAN PERU WITH REVISION OF THE POLIOPTILA GUIANENSIS COMPLEX

The Wilson Bulletin ◽

10.1676/04-064 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 117 (2) ◽

pp. 113-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

BRET M. WHITNEY ◽

JOSE ALVAREZ ALONSO

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

White Sand ◽

A New Species

Paypayrola Arenacea(Violaceae), a New Species with an Unusual Life-Form from a White Sand Savanna in the Amazon River Basin of Venezuela

Harvard Papers in Botany ◽

10.3100/hpib.v19iss2.2014.n2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 175-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gerardo Aymard-C ◽

Lisa M. Campbell ◽

Gustavo A. Romero-González

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

River Basin ◽

Life Form ◽

Amazon River ◽

Amazon River Basin ◽

White Sand ◽

A New Species

I. A paper of the Honourable Robert Boyl's, deposited with the secretaries of the Royal Society, Octob. 14. 1680. and opened since his death; being an account of his making the phosphorus, etc

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London ◽

10.1098/rstl.1693.0002 ◽

1693 ◽

Vol 17 (196) ◽

pp. 583-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Keyword(s):

Small Proportion ◽

Royal Society ◽

White Sand

There was taken a considerable quantity of Man's Urine (because the Liquor yields but a small proportion of the desired Quintessence ) and of this a good part at least, had been for a pretty while digested before it was used. Then this Liquor was distilled with a moderate Heat, this the Spirituous and Saline parts were drawn off; after which the Superfluous Moisture also was abstracted (or evaporated away) till the remaining Substance was brought to the consistence of a somewhat thick Syrup , or a thin Extract . This done, it was well incorporated with thrice its Weight of fine White Sand ; and the Mixture being put into a strong Stone- Retort , to which a large Receiver (in good part fill'd with Water) was so joyn'd, that the Nose of the Retort did almost touch the Water: Then the two Vessels being carefully luted together, a naked Fire was gradually administered for Five or Six Hours, that all that was either Phlegmatick or Volatile might come over first.

A new species of corkscrew plant (Genlisea, Lentibulariaceae) from the Amazon lowlands of Brazil, including a key to all species occurring north of the Amazon River

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.319.3.9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 319 (3) ◽

pp. 289 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

ANDREAS FLEISCHMANN ◽

SUZANA M. COSTA ◽

VOLKER BITTRICH ◽

MARIA DO CARMO ESTANISLAU DO AMARAL ◽

MICHAEL HOPKINS

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

National Park ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Identification Key ◽

Amazon River ◽

White Sand ◽

A New Species

A new species of Genlisea section Genlisea from the white-sand savannas (“campinaranas”) of Brazilian Amazon is described and illustrated, providing remarks on habitat and ecology as well as SEM seed images. Genlisea multiflora has been recorded from Viruá National Park, and is of affinity to the large, purple-flowered species G. sanariapoana and G. guianensis. An identification key to all Genlisea species north of the Amazon is presented.

Flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from a white-sand habitat in the Brazilian Amazon, with the description of four new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4504.3.6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4504 (3) ◽

pp. 401

Author(s):

FERNANDO DA SILVA CARVALHO-FILHO ◽

INOCÊNCIO DE SOUSA GORAYEB ◽

JÉSSICA MARIA MENEZES SOARES ◽

MATHEUS TAVARES DE SOUZA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Tropical Forest ◽

Amazon Basin ◽

Vegetation Type ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Insect Fauna ◽

Flesh Fly ◽

Small Areas ◽

White Sand ◽

Flesh Flies

The white-sand enclaves in the Amazon Basin are small areas scattered through the tropical forest, with sandy and nutrient-poor soils and an unusual vegetation type. The insect fauna of this ecosystem is poorly known, especially in the eastern Amazon. The flesh fly fauna of an area of open herbaceous white-sand vegetation known as “Campo Redondo” in the municipality of Cametá, state of Pará, was surveyed, resulting in the discovery of 43 species in 11 genera representing the subfamilies Sarcophaginae and Miltogramminae. Four new species are described: Dexosarcophaga (Dexosarcophaga) campina sp. nov., Helicobia cametaensis sp. nov., Helicobia domquixote sp. nov., and Metopia fofo sp. nov. Lepidodexia (Lepidodexia) grisea Lopes and Lepidodexia (Notochaeta) setifrons (Lopes) are newly recorded from Brazil. Dexosarcophaga (Bezzisca) ampullula (Engel), D. (Dexosarcophaga) transita Townsend and Titanogrypa (Cucullomyia) larvicida (Lopes) are newly recorded from the Brazilian Amazon.

Phylogenetic Community Structure and Niche Differentiation in Termites of the Tropical Dry Forests of Colombia

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects10040103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Robin Casalla Daza ◽

Judith Korb

Keyword(s):

Niche Differentiation ◽

Environmental Data ◽

Tropical Dry Forests ◽

Diet Shift ◽

Dry Forests ◽

Phylogenetic Community Structure ◽

Phylogenetic Overdispersion ◽

Δ15n And Δ13c ◽

Increasing Temperature ◽

The Tropics

The mechanisms that structure species communities are still debated. We addressed this question for termite assemblages from tropical dry forests in Colombia. These forests are endangered and poorly understood ecosystems and termites are important ecosystem engineers in the tropics. Using biodiversity and environmental data, combined with phylogenetic community analyses, trait mapping, and stable isotopes studies, we investigated the termite community composition of three protected dry forests in Colombia. Our data suggest that the structuring mechanisms differed between sites. Phylogenetic overdispersion of termite assemblages correlated with decreasing rainfall and elevation and increasing temperature. Food niche traits—classified as feeding groups and quantified by δ15N‰ and δ13C‰ isotope signatures—were phylogenetically conserved. Hence, the overdispersion pattern implies increasing interspecific competition with decreasing drier and warmer conditions, which is also supported by fewer species occurring at the driest site. Our results are in line with a hypothesis that decreased biomass production limits resource availability for termites, which leads to competition. Along with this comes a diet shift: termites from drier plots had higher δ13C signatures, reflecting higher δ13C values in the litter and more C4 plants. Our study shows how a phylogenetic community approach combined with trait analyses can contribute to gaining the first insights into mechanisms structuring whole termite assemblages.

Two new endemic species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) from the Central Amazon Basin, Amazonas State, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.311.1.7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 311 (1) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

FERNANDA NUNES CABRAL ◽

VOLKER BITTRICH ◽

MARIA DO CARMO ESTANISLAU DO AMARAL

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Endemic Species ◽

Amazon Basin ◽

Leaf Lamina ◽

Small Tree ◽

Central Amazon ◽

White Sand ◽

Two New Species ◽

Amazonas State ◽

Fruit Surface

Two new species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) are described and illustrated: Caraipa glabra and C. iracemensis. Both species are known only from the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas state, Brazil. They both occur on patches of white-sand vegetation and they are locally abundant. Caraipa glabra is a small tree and can be distinguished from other Caraipa species by the complete absence of hairs on the leaf lamina, pedicel and fruits. Caraipa iracemensis is morphologically similar to C. grandifolia and C. caespitosa, and can be distinguished by its habit, leaves and petiole size, as well as fruit surface and size.

Callicebus torquatus is not a white-sand specialist

American Journal of Primatology ◽

10.1002/ajp.1350330208 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 149-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Thomas R. Defler

Keyword(s):

White Sand