The Motivational Foundations of Prosocial Behavior From A Developmental Perspective-Evolutionary Roots and Key Psychological Mechanisms: Introduction to the Special Section

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1655-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maayan Davidov ◽  
Amrisha Vaish ◽  
Ariel Knafo-Noam ◽  
Paul D. Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms

scholarly journals Introduction to Special Section: Prosocial Development in Risky and Vulnerable Contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542199075
Author(s):  
Laura K. Taylor ◽  
Gustavo Carlo
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Prosocial Development ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Foundational Work

The introduction highlights a developmental perspective on children’s and youth prosocial behavior in risky and vulnerable contexts. The six empirical papers published in this Special Section are considered within a multilevel, multidimensional framework and reflect a diversity of methodological approaches. The studies each provide foundational work that informs theory, builds our knowledge base, and has important intervention implications. We highlight the contributions of each study and present recommendations for future developmental research on prosocial behaviors.

Divorcing the puzzles: When group identities foster in-group cooperation

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Seewald ◽  
Stefanie Hechler ◽  
Thomas Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Group Cooperation ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Common Group ◽  
High Level ◽  
Alternative Identities

AbstractWe argue that general social psychological mechanisms (e.g., common group identity) can account for prosocial behavior and cooperative norms without the need for punishing Big Gods. Moreover, prosocial religions often do not prevent conflict within their religious groups. Hence, we doubt whether Big Gods and prosocial religions are more effective than alternative identities in enhancing high-level cooperation.

scholarly journals Prosocial Repertoire Mediates the Effects of Gratitude on Prosocial Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Ryuji Oguni ◽  
Keiko Otake
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Autobiographical Memories ◽  
Neutral Group ◽  
Emotion Induction ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Gratitude promotes prosocial behavior, but little is known about the psychological mechanisms that underpin this relationship. We examined whether the prosocial repertoire mediates the effects of gratitude on prosocial behavior. Participants were assigned to either a gratitude group or neutral group. We carried out emotion induction manipulation by recalling autobiographical memories and required participants to write prosocial repertoires they intended to do for others. One week later, participants had to report all the prosocial behaviors they engaged in during that period. The results indicated that the number of prosocial repertoires and prosocial behaviors in the gratitude group were higher than in the neutral group. Importantly, our results demonstrated that prosocial repertoires mediated the effects of gratitude on prosocial behavior. Our results suggest that prosocial repertoire is the crucial cognitive component involved in the relationship between gratitude and prosocial behavior.

scholarly journals Moderate eating with pleasure and without effort: Toward understanding the underlying psychological mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205510291988988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton JM Dijker
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Food Sharing ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Motivational Mechanism

Integrating research on elementary eating behaviors, savoring, mental imagery, mindfulness, cooking, and dinner rituals, a psychological theory of moderate eating is formulated that does not require effortful self-control and giving up on the pleasures of eating. The theory proposes that taste and pleasure can be combined with a relatively objective attitude toward food, resulting in a relatively slow, gentle, and thoughtful manner of eating that enhances satiation. The objective food attitude is thought to result from (a) the accumulation of multiple sensorimotor expectancies and perspectives and (b) a motivational mechanism underlying prosocial behavior, food sharing, and aggression-inhibiting dinner rituals.

scholarly journals Explaining Prosocial Behavior from the Inter-and Within-Individual Perspectives: A Role of Positive Orientation and Positive Affect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Laguna ◽  
Evelina De Longis ◽  
Zofia Mazur-Socha ◽  
Guido Alessandri
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Positive Orientation ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Longitudinal Study Design ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractProsocial behavior is undertaken voluntarily to benefit others and includes a range of actions, such as helping, sharing, caring, and comforting. Our study concerned psychological mechanisms stimulating prosocial behavior explaining it from both the within-individual (daily fluctuations) and inter-individual (individual differences) perspectives. We tested a model in which positive orientation and positive affect directly predict within-individual variability in prosocial behavior and in which positive affect mediates the relationship between positive orientation and daily prosocial behavior. These two-level mediation mechanisms were investigated using an intensive longitudinal study design with seven daily measurements on a sample of 181 undergraduates and 1119 daily observations. The results confirm that, with personality traits, sex, and prosocial behavior during the previous day adjusted for, inter- and within-individual variability in positive orientation predict daily prosocial behavior. Inter-individual variability in positive affect is a significant predictor of prosocial behavior and a mediator between positive orientation and daily prosocial behavior. No such mediation mechanism was detected for within-individual variability in positive affect. These results suggest several recommendations on how to stimulate prosocial behavior. By stimulating the general tendency to cultivate positive affective experiences and to view life in a positive light, it may be possible to prepare people to notice and respond to the needs of others.

Developmental psychopathology: Substantive, methodological and policy issues

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Braet ◽  
Marcel A.G. van Aken
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Maladaptive Behaviour

In recent decades, developmental psychopathology has emerged as a discipline for the study of maladaptive behaviour of children and adolescents from a developmental perspective. The articles in the special section illustrate various substantive and methodological advances in this field, and also discuss treatment and policy implications. In addition, some perspectives on issues are presented that will be on the research agenda for developmental psychopathology in the coming years.

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