scholarly journals Introduction to Special Section: Prosocial Development in Risky and Vulnerable Contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542199075
Author(s):  
Laura K. Taylor ◽  
Gustavo Carlo
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Prosocial Development ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Foundational Work

The introduction highlights a developmental perspective on children’s and youth prosocial behavior in risky and vulnerable contexts. The six empirical papers published in this Special Section are considered within a multilevel, multidimensional framework and reflect a diversity of methodological approaches. The studies each provide foundational work that informs theory, builds our knowledge base, and has important intervention implications. We highlight the contributions of each study and present recommendations for future developmental research on prosocial behaviors.

scholarly journals How Narcissism Shapes Responses to Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior: Hypo-Responsiveness or Hyper-Responsiveness?

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110072
Author(s):  
Jiafang Chen ◽  
Barbara Nevicka ◽  
Astrid C. Homan ◽  
Gerben A. van Kleef
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Moral Character ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Reward And Punishment

Narcissists have a relatively higher proclivity for displaying antisocial rather than prosocial behaviors, suggesting a comparatively higher tendency for unfavorably impacting societies. However, maintenance of social order also depends on appropriate responses to others’ social behavior. Once we focus on narcissists as observers rather than actors, their impact on social functioning becomes less clear-cut. Theoretical arguments suggest that narcissists could be either hypo-responsive or hyper-responsive to others’ social behavior. Across four studies, we examined narcissists’ responsiveness to variations in others’ antisocial and prosocial behaviors. Results showed that narcissists differentiated less between others’ antisociality/prosociality, as reflected in their subsequent moral character evaluations (Studies 1–4) and reward and punishment (Studies 3 and 4). These results suggest that narcissists are hypo-responsive to others’ social behaviors. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

The Structure of Prosocial Behavior: A Comment on Richaud, Mesurado, and Cortada (2013)

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 586-589
Author(s):  
Mariola Łaguna ◽  
Piotr Oleś
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
Behavior Models

The question of how many factors are required to explain prosocial behavior in adolescents was examined. Richaud, Mesurado, and Cortada (2013) have tested two alternative models of prosocial behaviors. In this Comment we (1) discuss the theoretical basis for prosocial behavior models in adolescents and (2) propose possible alternative models as suggestions for further studies.

scholarly journals DRAFT: Young Children’s Prosocial Behavior Protects Against Academic Risk in Neighborhoods Facing Adversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Armstrong-Carter ◽  
Jonas G. Miller ◽  
Liam Hill ◽  
Benjamin Domingue
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Neighborhood Disadvantage ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Academic Risk ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Disadvantaged Neighborhoods ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Diverse Children

Children born into neighborhood adversity are at risk for low academic achievement. Identifying factors that help children from disadvantaged neighborhoods thrive is critical for reducing inequalities. We investigated whether children’s prosocial behavior buffers concurrent and subsequent academic risk in disadvantaged neighborhoods in Bradford, UK. Diverse children (N = 1,185) were followed from before birth to age seven, with measurements taken at four time points. We used governmental indexes of neighborhood adversity, teachers observations of prosocial behaviors, and direct assessments of academic achievement. Neighborhood disadvantage was associated with lower academic achievement only among children who displayed low levels of prosocial behavior. Findings were robust to sensitivity and sub-group analyses. Prosocial behavior may mitigate early academic risk in contexts of neighborhood disadvantage.

The internalization of physical constraints from a developmental perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-682
Author(s):  
Horst Krist
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Kinematic Geometry

Shepard's internalization concept is defended against Hecht's criticisms. By ignoring both Shepard's evolutionary perspective and the fact that internalization does not preclude modularization, Hecht advances inconclusive evidence. Developmental research supports Shepard's conclusion that kinematic geometry may be more deeply internalized than physical dynamics. This research also suggests that the internalization concept should be broadened to include representations acquired during ontogeny. [Hecht; Shepard]

scholarly journals Profile of prosocial behaviors of institutionalized children at a school yard

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (supp1) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Débora Lisboa Costa ◽  
Lília Iêda Chaves Cavalcante ◽  
Bianca Reis Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Special Populations ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Institutionalized Children ◽  
More Care ◽  
School Yard ◽  
Care Behavior

Prosocial behavior refers to actions directed to the welfare of the others and it is influenced by physical and social aspects of the environment. This study objected to investigate chiefly the occurrences of care behavior among institutionalized children. Four boys and one girl took part in this study, with ages between four and six years old, who were observed in the yard of the school. A total of ten sessions of twenty-five-minute were recorded for each focal subject, summing 250 minutes of recordings. At total, 26 behavioral events which denoted care with the others were identified and organized into the following categories: Helping, Care-taking playing, Establishing affectionate contact, and Entertaining. The results indicate that while participants are at the school yard, the most demonstrated behavior subcategory involves cooperation attitudes (Helping subcategory). The data also show that male focal subjects who were older than five years old and were at school for less than 15 months would emit more care behaviors. Concerning receivers, it was found that the girls who were studying at school, younger children and the ones who had less time in the institution received more prosocial behavior. It is expected that the results of this study may contribute to future researches while investigating prosocial behavior in educational settings, especially when they involve special populations, such as children who live in shelter institutions. Similarly, studies like this can encourage the development of (pedagogic-political and other) projects in institutions for children in order to stimulate prosocial behavior among peers.

The mediating roles of gratitude and obligation to link employees’ social exchange relationships and prosocial behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 644-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haemi Kim ◽  
Hailin Qu
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Exchange Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social

Purpose This study aims to investigate the psychological mechanisms underlying hospitality employees’ social exchange relationships at work by applying the social aspects of work and the social exchange theory. Design/methodology/approach MTurk was used for conducting a cross-sectional questionnaire survey, targeting frontline employees who were working in full-service restaurants. Descriptive statistic, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were performed. Findings Customer-employee exchange had a positive relationship with gratitude. Moreover, gratitude was positively associated with both role-prescribed customer service and extra-role customer service. Leader-member exchange and coworker exchange were positively related to obligation. Obligation had positive association with both role-prescribed customer service and extra-role customer service. The mediating effects of gratitude and obligation were statistically significant. Research limitations/implications Employees’ social exchange relationship with customers promotes prosocial behaviors by arousing gratitude in them. Moreover, their social exchange relationships with supervisors and coworkers lead to prosocial behaviors by provoking obligation from them. Originality/value This research shows the importance of the social aspects of work to contribute to employees’ prosocial behavior in the hospitality industry. Moreover, it proves the critical roles of emotions to guide employees’ decisions about social exchange.

“Where is the love?” Topics and prosocial behavior in German popular music lyrics from 1954 to 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Music Lyrics

Many content analyses have investigated the content of popular music, but as yet no one has looked for references to prosocial behavior in the lyrics. There are no quantitative content analyses of prosocial content in popular music, although we know that many musicians are concerned with social engagement, the environment, equal rights, and many other prosocial behaviors. To investigate which topics are the most prevalent in popular music lyrics and how frequently these refer to prosocial behavior, a content analysis was performed on 588 songs appearing in the German yearly charts from 1954 to 2014. The major interest of songwriters seems to be love, which was found in 57% of the songs; this was the most common topic found. References to prosocial behavior were found in 3.74% of the songs. Prosocial behavior usually appeared in songs dealing with social or political topics.

scholarly journals Variability and Change in Adolescents’ Prosocial Behavior Across Multiple Time Scales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lysanne te Brinke ◽  
Suzanne van de Groep ◽  
Renske van der Cruijsen ◽  
Eveline Crone
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Multiple Time Scales ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
One Year

We examined variability and change in adolescents’ prosocial behaviors directed to peers and friends across four time scales: two-years, one-year, two-monthly, and daily. Data from three longitudinal datasets with a total of 569 adolescents (55.7% girl, Mage = 15.23, SD = 3.90) were included. The overall time-related stability of prosocial behavior across time scales was moderate to excellent. Variability did not differ between early (age 10-15) and late (age 16-21) adolescence. Late adolescents reported higher mean levels and larger two-year increases. Finally, results indicated that prosocial behaviors measured over longer periods (i.e., two-years and one-year) are positively associated with reflective processes (perspective taking), whereas prosocial behaviors measured over shorter periods (i.e., two-monthly) are positively associated with affective processes (empathy).

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