Dental anxiety and caries experience from late childhood through adolescence to early adulthood

Objectives To confirm clinical observations and to investigate the characteristics (demography, dental anxiety status, dental health status, treatment experiences and dental health behaviours) of children attending for dental general anaesthesia (DGA). Design A case series design was used in which each consecutive parent and child, referred for DGA, were invited to take part. Method Identical protocols for the selection of the sample, administration of the questionnaire and clinical examination were used to ensure comparability. To account for seasonal variation the data were collected during and between the months of January and May in both 1993 and 1997. Two hundred children and their parents were selected in 1993 and 200 in 1997. The parent completed a questionnaire. It enquired of the parent and child demography, parental dental anxiety status, and the child's treatment experiences. Children were asked to complete the Children's Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS) to assess their dental anxiety. The child's caries experience was assessed using the guidelines to standardise the collection of epidemiological data throughout the UK. Results Children studied in 1997 compared with 1993 were younger, had more decayed but fewer filled teeth, were more dentally anxious, more likely to present in pain and came from families who were in receipt of Government benefits. A linear regression analysis showed that the children with previous experience of DGA had higher levels of dental caries, fewer filled teeth, were older and attended in 1997. An individual regression for 1993 showed that an additional predictor was child attendance pattern. Conclusions These findings confirmed the clinical observations and suggested that children who attend in pain and present for repeated DGA represent a group of children with special dental healthcare needs. There is a need for an integrated dental healthcare service to identify such children and provide appropriate dental care facilities for them.

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Personality Across the Lifespan

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000490 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 162-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Naemi D. Brandt ◽

Michael Becker ◽

Julia Tetzner ◽

Martin Brunner ◽

Poldi Kuhl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Big Five ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Age Groups ◽

Big Five Personality Traits ◽

Late Childhood ◽

General Factor ◽

Big Five Personality ◽

Reliable Assessment ◽

Two Samples

Abstract. Personality is a relevant predictor for important life outcomes across the entire lifespan. Although previous studies have suggested the comparability of the measurement of the Big Five personality traits across adulthood, the generalizability to childhood is largely unknown. The present study investigated the structure of the Big Five personality traits assessed with the Big Five Inventory-SOEP Version (BFI-S; SOEP = Socio-Economic Panel) across a broad age range spanning 11–84 years. We used two samples of N = 1,090 children (52% female, Mage = 11.87) and N = 18,789 adults (53% female, Mage = 51.09), estimating a multigroup CFA analysis across four age groups (late childhood: 11–14 years; early adulthood: 17–30 years; middle adulthood: 31–60 years; late adulthood: 61–84 years). Our results indicated the comparability of the personality trait metric in terms of general factor structure, loading patterns, and the majority of intercepts across all age groups. Therefore, the findings suggest both a reliable assessment of the Big Five personality traits with the BFI-S even in late childhood and a vastly comparable metric across age groups.

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Development of Anterior Cingulate Functional Connectivity from Late Childhood to Early Adulthood

Cerebral Cortex ◽

10.1093/cercor/bhn117 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 640-657 ◽

Cited By ~ 348

Author(s):

A. M. C. Kelly ◽

A. Di Martino ◽

L. Q. Uddin ◽

Z. Shehzad ◽

D. G. Gee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Late Childhood

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Cognitive impulsivity and the development of delinquency from late childhood to early adulthood: Moderating effects of parenting behavior and peer relationships

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s095457941500036x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 167-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Barbara Menting ◽

Pol A. C. Van Lier ◽

Hans M. Koot ◽

Dustin Pardini ◽

Rolf Loeber

Keyword(s):

Social Environment ◽

Peer Relationships ◽

Peer Relations ◽

Positive Reinforcement ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Parenting Behaviors ◽

Delinquent Behavior ◽

Late Childhood ◽

Peer Delinquency ◽

Cognitive Impulsivity

AbstractCognitive impulsivity may increase children's risk of developing delinquent behavior. However, the influence of cognitive impulsivity may depend on social environmental risk factors. This study examined the moderating effect of late childhood parenting behaviors and peer relations on the influence of children's cognitive impulsivity on delinquency development across adolescence and early adulthood, while taking possible interactions with intelligence also into account. Delinquent behavior of 412 boys from the Pittsburgh Youth Study was measured annually from ages 13 to 29 years with official arrest records. Cognitive impulsivity (neurocognitive test scores) and intelligence were assessed at age 12–13. Parenting behaviors (persistence of discipline, positive reinforcement, and parental knowledge), peer delinquency, and peer conventional activities were assessed between ages 10 and 13 years. Results showed that, while controlling for intelligence, the influence of youths' cognitive impulsivity on delinquency depended on their parents' behaviors. An interaction was found among cognitive impulsivity, intelligence, and peer delinquency, but instead of cognitive impulsivity, the effect of intelligence on delinquency was particularly moderated. Overall, findings suggest that when there was moderation, high cognitive impulsivity and low intelligence were associated with an increased probability for engaging in delinquency predominantly among boys in a good social environment, but not in a poor social environment.

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Correction to: Tracking physical activity in different settings from late childhood to early adulthood in Germany: the MoMo longitudinal study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-018-5111-8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Annette Rauner ◽

Darko Jekauc ◽

Filip Mess ◽

Steffen Schmidt ◽

Alexander Woll

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Late Childhood

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Dream emotionality. Selected formal properties of dreams

Polish Psychological Bulletin ◽

10.1515/ppb-2015-0047 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 401-412

Author(s):

Kinga Grzywacz

Keyword(s):

Early Adulthood ◽

Real Life ◽

Late Childhood ◽

Developmental Phase ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Late Adolescents ◽

Negative Context ◽

Affective Value ◽

Formal Properties ◽

Middle Aged Adults

Abstract The aim of the study was to verify hypotheses about time changeability of dream characteristics depending on the participants’ age and affective value of the dream. The study was conducted online. Participants of the study were 68 individuals between the age of 17 and 85. The participants were asked to prepare detailed descriptions of their dreams, next they had to identify elements of the dreams, refer them to their real life, and assess their affective value. In the dreams of late adolescents, and young and middle-aged adults the most frequently recalled period in a positive context turned out to be late adolescence and early adulthood, whereas in a negative context the participants would recall their present developmental phase and the period of late childhood. Unpleasant dreams of older individuals were mainly connected with the period of middle adulthood, whereas those pleasant ones referred to various periods of their entire life.

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