scholarly journals The governance of land use strategies: Institutional and social dimensions of land sparing and land sharing

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e12429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolera S. Jiren ◽  
Ine Dorresteijn ◽  
Jannik Schultner ◽  
Joern Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Land Sharing ◽  
Land Sparing

Realigning the land-sharing/land-sparing debate to match conservation needs: considering diversity scales and land-use history

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik von Wehrden ◽  
David J. Abson ◽  
Michael Beckmann ◽  
Anna F. Cord ◽  
Stefan Klotz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use History ◽  
Land Sharing ◽  
Land Sparing

scholarly journals Land Sparing Can Maintain Bird Diversity in Northeastern Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akib Hasan ◽  
Miguel Montoro Girona ◽  
Guillaume Grosbois ◽  
Narayan Saha ◽  
Md Abdul Halim
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Land Sharing ◽  
Land Sparing ◽  
Bird Calls ◽  
Bird Species Diversity

One of humanity’s most significant challenges in the process of attaining the established sustainability goals is balancing the growing human demand for food and the need to conserve biodiversity. This challenge requires appropriate land uses that are able to conserve biodiversity while ensuring ample food supply. This study compares bird species diversity and abundance in areas undergoing land sharing and land sparing in northeastern Bangladesh (West Bhanugach Reserved Forest). Birds serve as useful biologic indicators because of their presence within different trophic levels and their well-studied ecology. To survey birds, we selected a total of 66 sampling sites within land-sharing (33) and land-sparing (33) land-use areas. Between May and June 2017, we observed and recorded bird calls within a 50-m radius around each sampling site. We counted 541 individuals from 46 species of birds. The Shannon bird diversity was higher in the land-sparing sites (1.52) than in the land-sharing sites (1.23). We found approximately 30% more bird species (39 vs. 30) and 40% more individuals (318 vs. 223) in the land-sparing areas than land-sharing areas. Three bird species, Arachnothera longirostra, Micropternus brachyurus and Copsychus malabaricus, were significantly associated with the land-sparing sites. This study shows that land sharing negatively affects bird diversity, richness and abundance compared to land-sparing. The use of chemical fertilizers and the lack of food, such as insects, for birds can explain the lower diversity, richness and abundance of birds in the land-sharing areas. Although land sharing is an effective means of producing food, land sparing is the most effective land-use practice for preserving bird diversity in northeastern Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Contrasting responses of large carnivores to land use management across an Asian montane landscape in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Mohammadi ◽  
Christopher Lunnon ◽  
Remington J. Moll ◽  
Cedric Kai Wei Tan ◽  
Kaveh Hobeali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Imperfect Detection ◽  
Land Sharing ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Land Sparing

AbstractLand-use change has led to substantial range contractions for many species. Such contractions are particularly acute for wide-ranging large carnivores in Asia’s high altitude areas, which are marked by high spatiotemporal variability in resources. Current conservation planning for human-dominated landscapes often takes one of two main approaches: a “coexistence” (land sharing) approach or a “separation” (land sparing) approach. In this study, we evaluated the effects of land-use management on a guild of large carnivores in a montane ecosystem located in northeastern Iran. We used interview surveys to collect data on Persian leopard Panthera pardus saxicolor and grey wolf Canis lupus and modeled the areas occupied by these species in a Bayesian framework. After accounting for imperfect detection, we found that wolves had a higher probability of occupying the study area than leopards (82%; 95% CI 73–90% vs. 63%; 95% CI 53–73%). Importantly, each predator showed contrasting response to land-use management. National Parks (i.e. human-free areas) had a positive association with leopard occupancy (αNational Park = 2.56, 95% CI 0.22–5.77), in contrast to wolves, which displayed a negative association with National Parks (αNational Park = − 1.62, 95% CI − 2.29 to 0.31). An opposite pattern was observed for human-dominated areas (i.e. Protected Areas and Communal Lands), where occupancy was higher for wolves but lower for leopards. Our study suggests that to protect these large carnivores, a combination of land sharing and land sparing approaches is desirable within Iran montane landscapes. Any recovery program for big cats in Iranian mountains, and likely similar mountainous landscapes in west Asia, should take into account other sympatric carnivores and how they can affect adjacent human communities. For example, conflict mitigation and compensation efforts are required to include the guild of large carnivores, instead of solely targeting the charismatic big cats.

scholarly journals Model-Based Evaluation of Land Management Strategies with Regard to Multiple Ecosystem Services

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Zarrineh ◽  
Karim Abbaspour ◽  
Ann Van Griensven ◽  
Bernard Jeangros ◽  
Annelie Holzkämper
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Land Sharing ◽  
Land Sparing ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Food Provision

In agroecosystem management, conflicts between various services such as food provision and nutrient regulation are common. This study examined the trade-offs between selected ecosystem services such as food provision, water quantity and quality, erosion and climate regulations in an agricultural catchment in Western Switzerland. The aim was to explore the existing land use conflicts by a shift in land use and management strategy following two stakeholder-defined scenarios based on either land sparing or land sharing concepts. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to build an agro-hydrologic model of the region, which was calibrated and validated based on daily river discharge, monthly nitrate and annual crop yield, considering uncertainties associated with land management set up and model parameterization. The results show that land sparing scenario has the highest agricultural benefit, while also the highest nitrate concentration and GHG emissions. The land sharing scenario improves water quality and climate regulation services and reduces food provision. The management changes considered in the two land use scenarios did not seem to reduce the conflict but only led to a shift in trade-offs. Water quantity and erosion regulation remain unaffected by the two scenarios.

scholarly journals Better land-use allocation outperforms land sparing and land sharing approaches to conservation in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 276-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Law ◽  
Erik Meijaard ◽  
Brett A. Bryan ◽  
Thilak Mallawaarachchi ◽  
Lian Pin Koh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Sharing ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Land Sparing ◽  
Land Use Allocation

Extractive Conservation

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Cristina de la Vega-Leinert ◽  
Peter Clausing
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Land Sharing ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Land Sparing ◽  
Peasant Communities

ABSTRACTIn view of the Aichi international policy targets to expand areas under conservation, we analyze to what extent conservation has become an inherent element of extraction. We scrutinize the Land Sparing versus Land Sharing debate by explicitly incorporating environmental justice issues of access to land and natural resources. We contend that dominant conservation regimes, embedded within Land Sparing, legitimize the displacement of local people and their land use to compensate for distant, unsustainable resource use. In contrast, the Land Sharing counternarrative, by promoting spatial integration of conservation in agroecological systems, has the potential to radically challenge extraction. Common ground emerges around the concept of sustainable intensification. We contend that if inserted in green economy’s technocentric and efficiency-oriented framework, sustainable intensification will contribute to undermining diversified peasant agroecological systems by transforming them into simplified, export-orientated ones, thereby stripping peasant communities of the capacity to provide for their own needs.

Planning for the future

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Esler ◽  
Anna L. Jacobsen ◽  
R. Brandon Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Land Sharing ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Land Sparing ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Terrestrial Biomes

Mediterranean-type climate (MTC) regions are highlighted in several global analyses of conservation risk and priorities. These regions have undergone high levels of habitat conversion and yet of all terrestrial biomes they have the second lowest level of land protection. With transformation pressures set to continue (Chapter 8), planning for a sustainable conservation future in MTC regions is therefore essential. Conservation activities are represented by a variety of philosophies and motives, partially driven by the underlying differences in transformation drivers and sociopolitical contexts across MTC regions. These activities include investment in, and best-practice management of, protected areas (land sparing), an interdisciplinary focus on integrated management of production landscapes (land sharing; stewardship), as well as ecological restoration to increase habitat, improve connectivity, and provide a hedge against the impacts of future climate change. These responses need to be applied in a strategic, synergistic manner to minimize future biodiversity loss.

scholarly journals Farming with Alternative Pollinators benefits pollinators, natural enemies, and yields, and offers transformative change to agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Christmann ◽  
Youssef Bencharki ◽  
Soukaina Anougmar ◽  
Pierre Rasmont ◽  
Moulay Chrif Smaili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Land Sharing ◽  
Pollinator Decline ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Land Sparing ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Small Grant ◽  
Wildflower Strips

AbstractLow- and middle-income countries cannot afford reward-based land sparing for wildflower strips to combat pollinator decline. Two small-grant projects assessed, if an opportunity-cost saving land-sharing approach, Farming with Alternative Pollinators, can provide a method-inherent incentive to motivate farmers to protect pollinators without external rewards. The first large-scale Farming-with-Alternative-Pollinators project used seven main field crops in 233 farmer fields of four agro-ecosystems (adequate rainfall, semi-arid, mountainous and oasis) in Morocco. Here we show results: higher diversity and abundance of wild pollinators and lower pest abundance in enhanced fields than in monocultural control fields; the average net-income increase per surface is 121%. The higher income is a performance-related incentive to enhance habitats. The income increase for farmers is significant and the increase in food production is substantial. Higher productivity per surface can reduce pressure on (semi)-natural landscapes which are increasingly used for agriculture. Land-use change additionally endangers biodiversity and pollinators, whereas this new pollinator-protection approach has potential for transformative change in agriculture.

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