scholarly journals How to diminish the geographical bias in IPBES and related science?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Báldi ◽  
Brigitta Palotás
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Bias ◽  
Related Science

scholarly journals Using Sentinel-2 Images to Estimate Topography, Tidal-Stage Lags and Exposure Periods over Large Intertidal Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
José P. Granadeiro ◽  
João Belo ◽  
Mohamed Henriques ◽  
João Catalão ◽  
Teresa Catry
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Intertidal Area ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Geographical Bias ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Tidal Stage ◽  
Sentinel 2

Intertidal areas provide key ecosystem services but are declining worldwide. Digital elevation models (DEMs) are important tools to monitor the evolution of such areas. In this study, we aim at (i) estimating the intertidal topography based on an established pixel-wise algorithm, from Sentinel-2 MultiSpectral Instrument scenes, (ii) implementing a set of procedures to improve the quality of such estimation, and (iii) estimating the exposure period of the intertidal area of the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau. We first propose a four-parameter logistic regression to estimate intertidal topography. Afterwards, we develop a novel method to estimate tide-stage lags in the area covered by a Sentinel-2 scene to correct for geographical bias in topographic estimation resulting from differences in water height within each image. Our method searches for the minimum differences in height estimates obtained from rising and ebbing tides separately, enabling the estimation of cotidal lines. Tidal-stage differences estimated closely matched those published by official authorities. We re-estimated pixel heights from which we produced a model of intertidal exposure period. We obtained a high correlation between predicted and in-situ measurements of exposure period. We highlight the importance of remote sensing to deliver large-scale intertidal DEM and tide-stage data, with relevance for coastal safety, ecology and biodiversity conservation.

scholarly journals Natural language processing and network analysis provide novel insights on policy and scientific discourse around Sustainable Development Goals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bryan Smith ◽  
Raffaele Vacca ◽  
Luca Mantegazza ◽  
Ilaria Capua
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Related Science ◽  
Environmental Goals

AbstractThe United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are heterogeneous and interdependent, comprising 169 targets and 231 indicators of sustainable development in such diverse areas as health, the environment, and human rights. Existing efforts to map relationships among SDGs are either theoretical investigations of sustainability concepts, or empirical analyses of development indicators and policy simulations. We present an alternative approach, which describes and quantifies the complex network of SDG interdependencies by applying computational methods to policy and scientific documents. Methods of Natural Language Processing are used to measure overlaps in international policy discourse around SDGs, as represented by the corpus of all existing UN progress reports about each goal (N = 85 reports). We then examine if SDG interdependencies emerging from UN discourse are reflected in patterns of integration and collaboration in SDG-related science, by analyzing data on all scientific articles addressing relevant SDGs in the past two decades (N = 779,901 articles). Results identify a strong discursive divide between environmental goals and all other SDGs, and unexpected interdependencies between SDGs in different areas. While UN discourse partially aligns with integration patterns in SDG-related science, important differences are also observed between priorities emerging in UN and global scientific discourse. We discuss implications and insights for scientific research and policy on sustainable development after COVID-19.

Variable expression of molecular markers in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (9) ◽  
pp. 752-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mishra ◽  
A Pandey ◽  
S C Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Geographical Bias ◽  
Research Questions

AbstractBackground:Molecular categorisation may explain the wide variation in the clinical characteristics of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.Methods:Variations in molecular markers in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma in an Indian population were investigated and compared with global reports.Results:Variable molecular marker expression was demonstrated at the regional and global levels. A wide variation in molecular characteristics is evident. Molecular data have been reported for only 11 countries, indicating a clear geographical bias. Only 58 markers have been studied, and most are yet to be validated.Conclusion:Research into the molecular epidemiology of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is still in its infancy. Although the molecular variation is not well understood, data obtained so far have prompted important research questions. Hence, multicentre collaborative molecular studies are needed to establish the aetiopathogenesis and establish molecular surrogates for clinical characteristics.

The Bulletin of Creation, the Deluge and Related Science

2021 ◽  
pp. 397-401
Author(s):  
Herbert C. White ◽  
Benjamin Franklin Allen
Keyword(s):  
Related Science

Invasive Aquatic Species

2018 ◽  
pp. 338-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Coetzee ◽  
Martin P. Hill ◽  
Andreas Hussner ◽  
Ana L. Nunes ◽  
Olaf L.F. Weyl
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Aquatic Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Freshwater Invasions ◽  
Geographical Bias ◽  
Floating Macrophytes

Freshwater ecosystems are particularly susceptible to invasions by invasive non-native species (INNS) across a range of taxa, largely as a consequence of anthropogenic influences on these systems, with a number of ecological and socio-economic impacts. This chapter reviews freshwater invasive non-native species across the globe, focusing on fishes, invertebrates, floating macrophytes, and submerged macrophytes emphasising the knowledge gaps in particular that have resulted in biases inherent in assessments of freshwater invasions. These include an ecological bias because the majority of studies focus on terrestrial invasions; a geographical bias as most studies are focused on temperate northern hemisphere systems; and a taxon bias where fish invasions, populate the literature. This chapter highlights some of the approaches needed to survey, monitor, and manage INNS.

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