Invasive Aquatic Species

2018 ◽  
pp. 338-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Coetzee ◽  
Martin P. Hill ◽  
Andreas Hussner ◽  
Ana L. Nunes ◽  
Olaf L.F. Weyl
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Aquatic Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Freshwater Invasions ◽  
Geographical Bias ◽  
Floating Macrophytes

Freshwater ecosystems are particularly susceptible to invasions by invasive non-native species (INNS) across a range of taxa, largely as a consequence of anthropogenic influences on these systems, with a number of ecological and socio-economic impacts. This chapter reviews freshwater invasive non-native species across the globe, focusing on fishes, invertebrates, floating macrophytes, and submerged macrophytes emphasising the knowledge gaps in particular that have resulted in biases inherent in assessments of freshwater invasions. These include an ecological bias because the majority of studies focus on terrestrial invasions; a geographical bias as most studies are focused on temperate northern hemisphere systems; and a taxon bias where fish invasions, populate the literature. This chapter highlights some of the approaches needed to survey, monitor, and manage INNS.

Parasitic Crustaceans

2020 ◽  
pp. 401-434
Author(s):  
Barbara F. Nowak ◽  
Melissa B. Martin ◽  
Sebastián Boltaña
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Aquatic Species ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Fish And Shellfish ◽  
Crustacean Parasites ◽  
Important Fish

This chapter provides a brief overview of crustacean parasites that infect commercially important fish and shellfish. Crustaceans are a diverse group of arthropods, with over 60,000 species that are significant to the aquaculture and fisheries sector, including parasitic species affecting other crustaceans, mollusks, and fishes. This chapter focuses on parasitic caligid copepods (sea lice), cymothoid isopods, and pea crabs of high economic impacts on commercially important aquatic species. The biology of the parasites, their effects on their hosts, the epidemiology of the infections, and economic impacts of these groups are described. Chemical treatments and husbandry modifications as management options for a range of crustacean parasites are presented, which includes the use of cleaner fish to remove parasites, specially designed cages to reduce infestation of parasites, or moving farms to deeper waters. The utilization of crustacean parasites as marine pest controls is further discussed, with emphasis on either its potential benefits or the negative effects on native crab populations. Despite the continuous adverse impacts parasitic crustaceans have on aquaculture, the progressive understanding of their biology and ecology may eventually lead to mitigation, if not complete eradication, of the parasites.

scholarly journals Recreational angling as a vector of freshwater invasions in Central Italy: perceptions and prevalence of illegal fish restocking

2018 ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Cerri ◽  
Alessandro Ciappelli ◽  
Andrea Lenuzza ◽  
Marco Zaccaroni ◽  
Annamaria Nocita
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Recreational Angling ◽  
Freshwater Invasions ◽  
Research Gap

Italian freshwater ecosystems were strongly affected by biological invasions during the last few decades. Recreational angling contributed to this, through the widespread use of invasive alien species for fish restocking. To date, no research is available about the psychological and structural determinants of deliberate fish restocking in Italy. This work aims to fill this research gap, through structured questionnaires administered to a sample of recreational anglers (n = 276) in the Arno river basin (Central Italy). A predictive model for fish restocking, based on a quasi-binomial logistic regression, was fit and multi-model inference was drawn, to highlight the most significant predictors. Respondents, who expected that most anglers practiced restocking and who believed restocking could create closer fishing spots, were more prone to illegally restock fish. Our findings indicate that expectations about illegal fish restocking might exist among specialized segments of anglers. Targeted communication campaigns must be enforced as soon as possible to change them. Furthermore, fish restocking is supposed to reduce the travel costs for angling: future research about this is needed to model invasion hotspots.

scholarly journals Species-Specific Responses of Submerged Macrophytes to Simulated Extreme Precipitation: A Mesocosm Study

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Cao ◽  
Yongwei Zhi ◽  
Erik Jeppesen ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Macrophyte Community ◽  
Species Specific

More frequent extreme climate events (e.g., extreme precipitation) are to be expected in the future, and such events may potentially have significant effects on freshwater ecosystems. In the present mesocosm study, the effects of simulated extreme precipitation on submerged macrophytes were evaluated for three different macrophyte community (MC) treatments (MC1, MC2 and MC3). MC1 consisted of only Vallisneria denseserrulata, while MC2 and MC3 included three and six species of various growth forms. Two treatments of extreme precipitation (EP) were simulated—an extreme treatment (E) simulating a sudden increase of water level from 75 cm to 150 cm within one day and a gradual treatment (G) simulating an increase to the same water level within 3 months, combined with two control treatments. Total macrophyte community biomass was resilient to the EP and MC treatments, while species-specific variations in responses, in terms of biomass, maximum height, and sexual reproduction, were found. For instance, E led to earlier flowering of Potamogeton lucens and production of more flowers, while it had adverse effects on the flowering of Ottelia alismoides. We conclude that freshwater ecosystems with high coverage of submerged macrophytes may be overall resilient to extreme precipitation under nutrient-limited conditions, especially communities with diverse growth forms.

scholarly journals Animal personality and the ecological impacts of freshwater non-native species

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Juette ◽  
Julien Cucherousset ◽  
Julien Cote
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Animal Personality ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Abstract While the ecological impacts of invasive species have been demonstrated for many taxonomic groups, the potential effects of behavioural variation among non-native individuals (i.e. personality) on these impacts have been largely overlooked. This is despite the fact that recent studies have demonstrated that, by nature, the three first stages of biological invasions (i.e. transport, establishment and spread) can lead to personality-biased populations. Freshwater ecosystems provide a unique opportunity to investigate this issue, notably because the ecological impacts of non-native species have been extensively documented and because animal personality has been widely studied using freshwater model species. Here, we aim at developing some perspectives on the potential effects of animal personality on the ecological impacts of freshwater non-native species across levels of biological organizations. At the individual level, personality types have been demonstrated to affect the physiolo- gy, metabolism, life history traits and fitness of individuals. We used these effects to discuss how they could subsequently impact invaded populations and, in turn, recipient communities. We also discussed how these might translate into changes in the structure of food webs and the functioning of invaded ecosystems. Finally we discussed how these perspectives could interact with the management of invasive species.

scholarly journals Freshwater conservation options for a changing climate in California's Sierra Nevada

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua H. Viers ◽  
David E. Rheinheimer
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Freshwater Conservation ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Catchments of California’s Sierra Nevada have been managed for hydropower, water supply, recreation and the environment, during which regional freshwater ecosystems have experienced extirpations of anadromous fishes, widespread loss in amphibian abundance and increases in non-native species. California’s Mediterranean-montane climate is expected to warm by 2–6°C over the next century, reducing snowpack, causing earlier runoff and altering flows. Freshwater conservation efforts currently rely on a patchwork of legal and regulatory mechanisms, and have failed to achieve their full potential because of weak and uncoordinated implementation. No scheme adequately addresses freshwater conservation objectives such as representation and persistence, and all ignore anticipated impacts of climate change. We recommend that (1) existing legislation be fully implemented, with explicit anticipation of future conditions, (2) local institutions develop and implement a systematic freshwater conservation plan, focusing on resilience to climate warming, (3) policies be crafted to prioritise catchments to emphasise key regional objectives (e.g. conservation) and (4) regional planning agencies with regulatory authority be formed at the catchment level.

scholarly journals Specialization directs habitat selection responses to a top predator in semiaquatic but not aquatic taxa

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Šigutová ◽  
Filip Harabiš ◽  
Martin Šigut ◽  
Jiří Vojar ◽  
Lukáš Choleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Top Predator ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Selection Responses ◽  
Floating Macrophytes

AbstractHabitat selectivity has become an increasingly acknowledged mechanism shaping the structure of freshwater communities; however, most studies have focused on the effect of predators and competitors, neglecting habitat complexity and specialization. In this study, we examined the habitat selection of semiaquatic (amphibians: Bufonidae; odonates: Libellulidae) and aquatic organisms (true bugs: Notonectidae; diving beetles: Dytiscidae). From each family, we selected one habitat generalist species able to coexist with fish (Bufo bufo, Sympetrum sanguineum, Notonecta glauca, Dytiscus marginalis) and one species specialized in fishless habitats (Bufotes viridis, Sympetrum danae, Notonecta obliqua, Acilius sulcatus). In a mesocosm experiment, we quantified habitat selection decisions in response to the non-consumptive presence of fish (Carassius auratus) and vegetation structure mimicking different successional stages of aquatic habitats (no macrophytes; submerged and floating macrophytes; submerged, floating, and littoral-emergent macrophytes). No congruence between habitat specialists and generalists was observed, but a similar response to fish and vegetation structure defined both semiaquatic and aquatic organisms. While semiaquatic generalists did not distinguish between fish and fishless pools, specialists avoided fish-occupied pools and had a preferred vegetation structure. In aquatic taxa, predator presence affected habitat selection only in combination with vegetation structure, and all species preferred fishless pools with floating and submerged macrophytes. Fish presence triggered avoidance only in the generalist bug N. glauca. Our results highlight the significance of habitat selectivity for structuring freshwater ecosystems and illustrate how habitat selection responses to a top predator are dictated by specialization and life history.

scholarly journals Review: Economic impacts of the invasive species water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes): Case study of Rawapening Lake, Central Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANINDA MAULIDYNA ◽  
FITRI ALICIA ◽  
HERLINA NOOR AGUSTIN ◽  
INDAH ROSITA DEWI ◽  
ITSNA NURHIDAYAH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Positive Impacts

Abstract. Maulidyna A, Alicia F, Agustin HN, Dewi IR, Nurhidayah I, Dewangga A, Kusumaningrum L, Nugroho GD, Jumari, Setyawan AD. 2019. Review: Economic impacts of the invasive species water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes): Case study of Rawapening Lake, Central Java, Indonesia. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 11: 18-31. Introduced species is defined as a conscious or unconscious effort to present a species of animal or plant into a new habitat. Introduced species have two pathways on their biogeographical distribution, namely becoming an invasive species or not becoming an invasive species. An introduced species which does not have a negative impact on the new habitat is not classified as an invasive species, while a species that is introduced and does have a negative impact on the new habitat is considered as invasive species. One of the problems that threaten freshwater ecosystems in Indonesia is the invasion of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). This introduced plant species can reproduce rapidly, both generatively and vegetatively, and form very dense masses in water bodies, such as swamps, lakes, rivers, and channels including in Rawapening Lake in Semarang District, Central Java, Indonesia. This study is aimed to review the economic impacts of the invasive water hyacinth species in Rawapening Lake from two perspectives: the negative and the positive impacts, so that feasible solutions can be developed. There are several negative impacts caused by water hyacinth in Rawapening Lake. The overgrown water hyacinth in the lake hinders the fishermen in maneuvering the boats and fishing gears, reducing the fish catches. The extensive coverage of water hyacinth causes the reduction in soluble oxygen and blocks sunlight into the water, leading to the decline of fish population. The rotten water hyacinth can obstruct the irrigation channels of the fields so that farmers cannot produce maximum rice harvests and eradicating them would incur financial costs. On the other hand, there are also positive impacts of water hyacinth in Rawapening Lake. This plant can be used as raw materials to produce a variety of handicrafts in the form of bags, sandals, baskets, wallets, and furniture such as chairs and tables. Water hyacinth can also be processed in biogas production and organic fertilizers. With careful management, water hyacinth can remediate polluted water caused by heavy metals contamination. In short, economically, the presence of water hyacinth in Rawapening can be both beneficial and detrimental. Proper management of this species is necessary to maintain the sustainability of this aquatic environment. r

scholarly journals Interactions between different biological forms of aquatic macrophytes in a eutrophic tropical reservoir in Northeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thainá Alves Lycarião ◽  
Ênio Wocyli Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Tropical Reservoir ◽  
Emergent Plants ◽  
Floating Macrophytes

The aquatic plants and biological processes have different interactions and their knowledge may contribute to the understanding of environmental dynamics in wetlands. The aim of this study was to report the type of interactions that different biological forms of macrophytes stand in the eutrophic tropical reservoir of Penha reservoir, Northeastern Brazil. Data collection was captured every two months from October 2009 to October 2010, considering the hydrological cycle in one-year period. For this, twelve perpendicular transects (separated by 10 m) at the reservoir’s water edge were defined; each transect had two plots of 625 cm² (25 x 25 cm, separated by one meter) from which samples were obtained. Plants were collected and transported in identified plastic bags for subsequent quantification of the dry weight biomass; additionally, pressed samples were made in the field for identification purposes. The relative interaction index (RII) was used to identify the existence of positive and/or negative interactions between the biomass of the biological forms of aquatic plants. Student’s t-tests were used to analyze variations in the abiotic data and biomass over time, and to determine differences between the dry and rainy seasons. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to determine correlations between the biological forms and the biomass of the macrophytes, as well as environmental variables and RII. In the dry season, the environment was mainly composed of floating macrophytes (1 013.98 g/m²), with mats of submerged macrophytes (98.18 g/m²) that demonstrated a range of positive (RII= 1.0) to negative (RII= -0.2) interactions. The biomass of emergent macrophytes increased throughout the dry season (4.87 to 106.91 g/m²) due to the nurse plant effect that served as a substratum (RII= 1.0). During the rainy season the biomass of submerged macrophytes was reduced by 97 % due to direct and indirect relationships (RII= -1.0) to other macrophytes. Rainfall and emergent plants contributed to a reduction in the biomass of floating macrophytes (19.16 g/m²). The emergence of a third group of plants (emergent) lead floating plants to occupy other areas and excluded submerged plants. Overall, the interactions among plants within ecosystems were not definite due to stand composition and seasonality.

scholarly journals An assessment of the environmental and socio-economic impacts of alien rabbits and hares

AMBIO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Allmert ◽  
Jonathan M. Jeschke ◽  
Thomas Evans
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Impact Data

AbstractDirectly comparable data on the environmental and socio-economic impacts of alien species informs the effective prioritisation of their management. We used two frameworks, the Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) and Socio-Economic Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (SEICAT), to create a unified dataset on the severity and type of impacts caused by alien leporids (rabbits and hares). Literature was reviewed to collate impact data, which was categorised following EICAT and SEICAT guidelines. We aimed to use these data to identify: (1) alien leporid species with severe impacts, (2) their impact mechanisms, (3) the native species and local communities vulnerable to impacts and (4) knowledge gaps. Native species from a range of taxonomic groups were affected by environmental impacts which tended to be more damaging than socio-economic impacts. Indirect environmental impacts were particularly damaging and underreported. No impact data were found for several alien leporid species.

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