Jurisdictional sourcing: Leveraging commodity supply chains to reduce tropical deforestation at scale. A generic theory of change for a conservation strategy, v 1.0

Conservation enterprises: Community‐led businesses that contribute to conservation outcomes a generic theory of change for a conservation strategy, v 1.0

Conservation Science and Practice ◽

10.1111/csp2.582 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Judy Boshoven ◽

Megan Hill ◽

Ashleigh Baker

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Change ◽

Conservation Strategy ◽

Generic Theory

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Tackling the “wicked” conservation problem of tropical deforestation in global commodity supply chains using mixes of mechanisms

10.31235/osf.io/gan7w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joss Lyons-White ◽

Kristjan Jespersen ◽

Caleb Gallemore ◽

Allison S. Catalano ◽

Robert M. Ewers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Supply Chains ◽

Tropical Deforestation ◽

Wicked Problem ◽

Agricultural Commodity ◽

Operational Model ◽

Conservation Practice ◽

Stakeholder Groups ◽

Conservation Problem ◽

Context Specific ◽

Practical Implications

Tropical deforestation in global agricultural commodity supply chains is a “wicked” problem. Attempted solutions to wicked conservation problems like tropical deforestation often involve idealised, technical mechanisms. For example, company commitments to “zero deforestation” have become a mainstay of global forest conservation efforts. To be resolved, however, wicked conservation problems require strategically-developed, context-specific mixes of mechanisms. Drawing on interdisciplinary literature from the policy sciences, energy and land-use policy, and conservation, we examine why the contextual complexity of wicked conservation problems demands mixes of mechanisms. We present an operational model of conservation that incorporates the mechanism mix concept. We then explore how the dynamism and uncertainty of wicked problems means mixes of mechanisms must be continually reconfigured. Drawing the concepts of contextual complexity, dynamism and uncertainty together, we propose a conceptual model – the “M3 Model” – which aids understanding of how mechanism mixes can be reconfigured to sustain progress towards a desired outcome. The M3 model has four practical implications, which we discuss with reference to supply chain initiatives to reduce deforestation. First, it makes the need to address multiple interacting variables explicit, countering the tendency to seek panaceas. Second, it emphasises the importance of analysing mechanisms’ contributions to problem amelioration, instead of their shortcomings as idealised solutions. Third, it highlights the possibility of failure, reorienting conservation practice towards learning. Fourth, it emphasises polycentric governance, reinforcing the need for distributed mechanism deployment across stakeholder groups. Our synthesis provides tools to support a holistic, systemic approach to tackling wicked conservation problems.

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Is the Power of Brand-Focused Activism Rising? The Case of Tropical Deforestation

The Journal of Environment & Development ◽

10.1177/1070496517701249 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 135-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Peter Dauvergne

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Supply Chains ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Tropical Deforestation ◽

Brand Value ◽

Market Demand ◽

Regulatory Enforcement ◽

Corporate Policies ◽

Global Brands ◽

Demand Shifts

Four trends would seem to be empowering environmentalists who target corporations with global brands: the increasing reach of social media, growing numbers of campaigns, the corporate turn toward “sustainability” to create brand value and manage supply chains, and the spread of eco-consumerism. Campaigns since 2007 to demand that brands stop buying palm oil linked to tropical deforestation confirm the rising influence over corporate policies and market demand. Many activists are portraying the outcomes as “victories” toward saving rainforests. Yet, three factors are limiting the value for improving on-the-ground management: industry influence over, and governance limits of, palm oil certification; ongoing sales of uncertified palm oil as demand shifts to nonbrand buyers; and illegalities and weak regulatory enforcement in producer countries, notably Indonesia and Malaysia. Theoretically, this analysis demonstrates the importance, when evaluating activist campaigns, of distinguishing between the influence on corporate policies and markets and the effectiveness for environmental outcomes.

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An online cost allocation model for horizontal supply chains

Transportation Research Part C Emerging Technologies ◽

10.1016/j.trc.2020.102888 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. 102888

Author(s):

Han Zou ◽

Maged M. Dessouky ◽

Shichun Hu

Keyword(s):

Supply Chains ◽

Cost Allocation ◽

Allocation Model

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Codes of Conduct: Lieferantenkodizes: Sinnvolles Instrument zur Lieferantensteuerung oder reine Marketingmaßnahme?

Klinik Einkauf ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1715327 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 02 (03/04) ◽

pp. 60-61

Author(s):

Jörg Schlüchtermann ◽

Johannes Heller

Keyword(s):

Supply Chains ◽

Codes Of Conduct

Insbesondere in komplexen Supply Chains ist es heute üblich, dass Kunden ihre Lieferanten über Selbstverpflichtungserklärungen (Codes of Conduct) steuern. Forschungen aus anderen Industrien zeigen die Möglichkeiten, aber auch Grenzen der Arbeit mit diesem Instrument des Lieferantenmanagements. Davon können auch Krankenhauseinkäufer profitieren.

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Articulating a strategic approach to face complexity in design projects

Conference Proceedings of the Academy for Design Innovation Management ◽

10.33114/adim.2019.01.188 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luca SIMEONE ◽

David DRABBLE ◽

Giorgia IACOPINI ◽

Kirsten VAN DAM ◽

Nicola MORELLI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Complexity Theory ◽

Wicked Problems ◽

Theory Of Change ◽

Strategic Action ◽

Community Initiatives ◽

Uncertain Environment ◽

Strategic Approach ◽

Design Projects

In today’s world of global wicked problems, constraints and imperatives imposed by an external and uncertain environment render strategic action a quite complex endeavour. Since the 1990s, within community initiatives and philanthropic projects, the construct of Theory of Change has been used to address such complexity. Theory of Change can be defined as the systematic and cumulative study of the links between the activities, outcomes, and context of an intervention. The area of focus for this paper is to explore whether Theory of Change can support more strategic approaches in design. In particular, the paper examines how Theory of Change was applied to DESIGNSCAPES - a project oriented, among other things, toward offering a supporting service for all those city actors interested in using design to develop urban innovation initiatives that tackle complex issues of broad concern.

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STUDY OF POND STATUS IN INDIA : A REVIEW

FLORA AND FAUNA ◽

10.33451/florafauna.v23i1pp99-104 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Author(s):

V.K. YADAV ◽

SONAM SHARMA ◽

A.K. SRIVASTAVA ◽

P.K. KHARE

Keyword(s):

Fresh Water ◽

Land Surface ◽

Human Population ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Hydrological Cycle ◽

Habitat Destruction ◽

Conservation Strategy ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Human Use ◽

Over Exploitation

Ponds are an important fresh water critical ecosystem for plants and animals providing goods and services including food, fodder, fish, irrigation, hydrological cycle, shelter, medicine, culture, aesthetic and recreation. Ponds cover less than 2 percent of worlds land surface. Ponds are important source of fresh water for human use. These are threatened by urbanization, industrialization, over exploitation, fragmentation, habitat destruction, pollution, illegal capturing of land and climate changes. These above factors have been destroying ponds very rapidly putting them in danger of extinction of a great number of local biodiversity. It is necessary to formulate a correct conservation strategy for pond restoration in order to meet the growing needs of fresh water by increasing the human population. Some measures have been compiled and proposed in the present review.

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