Scaling distributional patterns of butterflies across multiple scales: Impact of range history and habitat type

This study utilizes repeated geoacoustic mapping to quantify the morphodynamic response of the nearshore to storm-induced changes. The aim of this study was to quantitatively map the nearshore zone of Assateague Island National Seashore (ASIS) to determine what changes in bottom geomorphology and benthic habitats are attributable to storm events including hurricane Sandy and the passage of hurricane Joaquin. Specifically, (1) the entire domain of the National Parks Service offshore area was mapped with side-scan sonar and multibeam bathymetry at a resolution comparable to that of the existing pre-storm survey, (2) a subset of the benthic stations were resampled that represented all sediment strata previously identified, and (3) newly obtained data were compared to that from the pre-storm survey to determined changes that could be attributed to specific storms such as Sandy and Joaquin. Capturing event specific dynamics requires rapid response surveys in close temporal association of the before and after period. The time-lapse between the pre-storm surveys for Sandy and our study meant that only a time and storm integrated signature for that storm could be obtained whereas with hurricane Joaquin we could identify impacts to the habitat type and geomorphology more directly related to that particular storm. This storm impacts study provides for the National Park Service direct documentation of storm-related changes in sediments and marine habitats on multiple scales: From large scale, side-scan sonar maps and interpretation of acoustic bottom types, to characterize as fully as possible habitats from 1 to 10 m up to many kilometer scales, as well as from point benthic samples within each sediment stratum and these results can help guide management of the island resources.

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Forest area predicts all dimensions of small mammal and lizard diversity in Amazonian insular forest fragments

Landscape Ecology ◽

10.1007/s10980-021-01311-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Filipa Palmeirim ◽

Fábio Z. Farneda ◽

Marcus Vinícius Vieira ◽

Carlos A. Peres

Keyword(s):

Small Mammals ◽

Small Mammal ◽

Multiple Scales ◽

Habitat Type ◽

Forest Area ◽

Integrative Approach ◽

Dispersal Ability ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Hydropower Development ◽

Β Diversity

Abstract Context Although hydropower development is one of the primary drivers of habitat loss and insular fragmentation, its impacts on species identity and their functional and phylogenetic roles have often been overlooked. Objectives Here we use an integrative approach, considering taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic dimensions at multiple scales, to understand the processes underlying species (dis)assembly of two taxa exhibiting relatively low dispersal ability: small mammals and lizards. Methods We surveyed 26 islands within the Balbina Hydroelectric Reservoir, and adjacent continuous forest, in Central Amazonia. Each dimension of diversity was related to spatial and habitat variables. We also examined functional composition using community-weighted mean trait values, and community redundancy using functional uniqueness. β-diversity was partitioned into their richness (βrich) and replacement (βrepl) components. Results Functional and phylogenetic α-diversities of both taxa mirrored the taxonomic dimension, all of which increased with forest area. Individual small mammal (body mass and matrix tolerance), and lizard traits (body length, heliothermic mode and habitat type) were also predicted by forest area. For both groups, functional uniqueness decreased with forest area, and all dimensions of β-diversity were predominantly partitioned in βrich. Conclusions The environmental filter created by forest area resulted in the low conservation value associated with small forest islands, only occupied by a small set of species comprised by generalist lizards and matrix-tolerant small mammals. On the other side, large forest sites ensured ecosystem resilience to disturbance. To maintain ecosystem integrity, creating myriad small islands over large expanses of floodwaters should be avoided in future hydropower development.

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Benthic Habitat Morphodynamics- Using Remote Sensing to Quantify Storm-Induced Changes in Nearshore Bathymetry and Surface Sediment Texture at Assateague National Seashore

10.20944/preprints201908.0272.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Arthur Trembanis ◽

Alimjan Abla ◽

Ken Haulsee ◽

Carter DuVal

Keyword(s):

Multiple Scales ◽

Habitat Type ◽

Hurricane Sandy ◽

Temporal Association ◽

Benthic Habitat ◽

Offshore Area ◽

Side Scan Sonar ◽

Marine Habitats ◽

Induced Changes ◽

National Seashore

This study utilizes repeated geoacoustic mapping to quantify the morphodynamic response of the nearshore to storm-induced changes. The aim of this study was to quantitatively map the nearshore zone of Assateague Island National Seashore (ASIS) to determine what changes in bottom sediments, benthic fauna and fish habitat are attributable to storm events including hurricane Sandy and the passage of hurricane Joaquin. Specifically, (1) the entire domain of the National Parks Service offshore area was mapped with side-scan sonar and multibeam bathymetry at a resolution comparable to that of the existing pre-storm survey, (2) a subset of the benthic stations were resampled that represented all sediment strata previously identified, and (3) newly obtained data were compared to that from the pre-storm survey to determined changes that could be attributed to specific storms such as Sandy and Joaquin. Capturing event specific dynamics requires rapid response surveys in close temporal association of the before and after period. The time-lapse between the pre-storm surveys for Sandy and our study meant that only a time and storm integrated signature for that storm could be obtained whereas with hurricane Joaquin we could identify impacts to the habitat type and geomorphology more directly related to that particular storm. This storm impacts study provides for the National Park Service direct documentation of storm-related changes in sediments and marine habitats on multiple scales: from large scale, side-scan sonar maps and interpretation of acoustic bottom types, to characterize as fully as possible habitats from 1 to 10 m up to many kilometer scales, as well as from point benthic samples within each sediment stratum and these results can help guide management of the island resources.

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Niche partitioning and coexistence of two spiders of the genusPeucetia(Araneae, Oxyopidae) inhabitingTrichogoniopsis adenanthaplants (Asterales, Asteraceae): a population approach

10.1101/568410 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

German Antonio Villanueva-Bonilla ◽

Suyen Safuan-Naide ◽

Mathias Mistretta Pires ◽

João Vasconcellos-Neto

Keyword(s):

Habitat Use ◽

Multiple Scales ◽

Niche Partitioning ◽

Habitat Type ◽

Niche Differentiation ◽

Similar Species ◽

Altitudinal Distribution ◽

Differential Distribution ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Spatial Niche

AbstractNiche theory suggests that the coexistence of ecologically similar species at the same site requires some form of resource partitioning that reduces or avoids interspecific competition. Here, we investigated the temporal and spatial niche differentiation of two sympatric congeneric spiders,Peucetia rubrolineataandP. flava, inhabitingTrichogoniopsis adenantha(Asteraceae) plants along an altitudinal gradient in various shaded and open areas in an Atlantic forest in Serra do Japi, SP, Brazil. In theory, the coexistence of twoPeucetiaspecies could be explained by: (1) temporal segregation; (2) differential use of the branches of the plant; (3) differential use of specific parts of the branches of the plant; (4) differential distribution in shaded and open areas; and (5) differential altitudinal distribution of the twoPeucetiaspecies. With respect to temporal niche, we observed that the two spider species had a similar age structure and similar fluctuation in abundance throughout the year. With respect to micro-habitat use, in both species, different instars used different plant parts, while the same instars of both species used the same type of substrate. However, the twoPeucetiaspecies segregated by meso-habitat type, withP. rubrolineatapreferringT. adenanthaplants in shaded areas andP. flavapreferring those in open areas. Our results support the hypothesis of niche partitioning begetting diversity, and highlight the importance of analysing habitat use at multiple scales to understand mechanisms related to coexistence.

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A multiple-scales concept for describing visual acuity

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e493332004-001 ◽

1995 ◽

Author(s):

A.A.J. Roelofs ◽

F.J.J. Blommaert

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Multiple Scales

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Environmental Studies and Ethnic Studies

Explorations in Ethnic Studies ◽

10.1525/esr.2020.43.2.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 9-16

Author(s):

David N. Pellow

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Multiple Scales ◽

Ethnic Studies ◽

Environmental Studies ◽

Potential Value

This article offers insights into conceptual, pedagogical, and programmatic crossings and conflicts between the fields of Environmental Studies and Ethnic Studies. It highlights both the important intersections between the two fields and their potential value, while also addressing the challenges posed in the development of programmatic collaborations. Utilizing case studies drawn from the author’s own experiences, the article’s focus is on harnessing the strengths and limitations of both fields to promote transformative knowledge and action at multiple scales.

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The Role of Nonprofit Sector Networks as Mechanisms for Immigrant Political Participation

Studies in Social Justice ◽

10.26522/ssj.v7i1.1053 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 27-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Luisa Veronis

Keyword(s):

Political Participation ◽

Nonprofit Organizations ◽

Latin American ◽

Social Action ◽

Multiple Scales ◽

Nonprofit Sector ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Immigrant Community ◽

Immigrant Political Incorporation

Issues of immigrant political incorporation and transnational politics have drawn increased interest among migration scholars. This paper contributes to debates in this field by examining the role of networks, partnerships and collaborations of immigrant community organizations as mechanisms for immigrant political participation both locally and transnationally. These issues are addressed through an ethnographic study of the Hispanic Development Council, an umbrella advocacy organization representing settlement agencies serving Latin American immigrants in Toronto, Canada. Analysis of HDC’s three sets of networks (at the community, city and transnational levels) from a geographic and relational approach demonstrates the potentials and limits of nonprofit sector partnerships as mechanisms and concrete spaces for immigrant mobilization, empowerment, and social action in a context of neoliberal governance. It is argued that a combination of partnerships with a range of both state and non-state actors and at multiple scales can be significant in enabling nonprofit organizations to advance the interests of immigrant, minority and disadvantaged communities.

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