Local temperatures inferred from plant communities suggest strong spatial buffering of climate warming across Northern Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1470-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Lenoir ◽  
Bente Jessen Graae ◽  
Per Arild Aarrestad ◽  
Inger Greve Alsos ◽  
W. Scott Armbruster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Spatial Buffering

scholarly journals Community completeness as a measure of restoration success: multiple-study comparisons across ecosystems and ecological groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (13) ◽  
pp. 3807-3827
Author(s):  
Norbertas Noreika ◽  
Meelis Pärtel ◽  
Erik Öckinger
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Multiple Study ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Restoration Success

Abstract When restoring habitat for biodiversity, the most effective outcome will be achieved by restoration projects which target several organism groups or ecosystem types. Such integrated approaches require direct comparisons among different ecological communities while evaluating success of restoration. The Community Completeness Index (CCI) is a recently developed metric that allows such comparisons by accounting for both present and absent but otherwise suitable taxa. We empirically evaluated the applicability of CCI for assessing the outcome of ecological restoration. We analyzed how species richness and the completeness of ecological communities recover after restoration, for different ecological groups and ecosystem types, and how it develops over time after restoration. Analyses were performed on 18 datasets with per site presence-absence data from Northern Europe. Each dataset represented one of the three habitat types (mire, forest, grassland) and different ecological groups (plants, flying insects, epigeic invertebrates). Datasets contained pristine, degraded and restored sites. We calculated the dark diversity and subsequently CCI based on species co-occurrences. Our multiple-study analyses revealed that CCI of grassland plant communities increased faster after restoration than invertebrate communities or plant communities in forests and mires. In addition, flying insect communities demonstrated significantly highest CCI in pristine mires. Some results were significant only for richness but not for CCI indicating species pool effect. Finally, completeness and species richness of restored communities increased with time since restoration. As such, our study demonstrated that CCI is a useful tool in evaluating restoration success across different organism groups and ecosystem types.

scholarly journals Species turnover reveals hidden effects of decreasing nitrogen deposition in mountain hay meadows

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Roth ◽  
Lukas Kohli ◽  
Christoph Bühler ◽  
Beat Rihm ◽  
Reto Giulio Meuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Community Change ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Indicator Values ◽  
Hay Meadows ◽  
Random Expectation

Nitrogen (N) deposition is a major threat to biodiversity in many habitats. The recent introduction of cleaner technologies in Switzerland has led to a reduction in the emissions of nitrogen oxides, with a consequent decrease in N deposition. We examined different drivers of plant community change, that is, N deposition, climate warming, and land-use change, in Swiss mountain hay meadows, using data from the Swiss biodiversity monitoring program. We compared indicator values of species that disappeared from or colonized a site (species turnover) with the indicator values of randomly chosen species from the same site. While oligotrophic plant species were more likely to colonize, compared to random expectation, we found only weak shifts in plant community composition. In particular, the average nutrient value of plant communities remained stable over time (2003–2017). We found the largest deviations from random expectation in the nutrient values of colonizing species, suggesting that N deposition or other factors that change the nutrient content of soils were important drivers of the species composition change over the last 15 years in Swiss mountain hay meadows. In addition, we observed an overall replacement of species with lower indicator values for temperature with species with higher values. Apparently, the community effects of the replacement of eutrophic species with oligotrophic species was outweighed by climate warming. Our results add to the increasing evidence that plant communities in changing environments may be relatively stable regarding average species richness or average indicator values, but that this apparent stability is often accompanied by a marked turnover of species.

Plant communities and plant diversity in softwater lakes of northern Europe

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Softwater Lakes

scholarly journals Species turnover reveals hidden effects of decreasing nitrogen deposition in mountain hay meadows

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Roth ◽  
Lukas Kohli ◽  
Christoph Bühler ◽  
Beat Rihm ◽  
Reto Giulio Meuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Community Change ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Indicator Values ◽  
Hay Meadows ◽  
Random Expectation

Nitrogen (N) deposition is a major threat to biodiversity in many habitats. The recent introduction of cleaner technologies in Switzerland has led to a reduction in the emissions of nitrogen oxides, with a consequent decrease in N deposition. We examined different drivers of plant community change, i.e. N deposition, climate warming, and land-use change, in Swiss mountain hay meadows, using data from the Swiss biodiversity monitoring program. We compared indicator values of species that disappeared from or colonized a site (species turnover) with the indicator values of randomly chosen species from the same site. While oligotrophic plant species were more likely to colonize, compared to random expectation, we found only weak shifts in plant community composition. In particular, the average nutrient value of plant communities remained stable over time (2003-2017). We found the largest deviations from random expectation in the nutrient values of colonizing species, suggesting that N deposition or other factors that change the nutrient content of soils were important drivers of the species composition change over the last 15 years in Swiss mountain hay meadows. In addition, we observed an overall replacement of species with lower indicator values for temperature with species with higher values. Apparently, the community effects of the replacement of eutrophic species with oligotrophic species was outweighed by climate warming. Our results add to the increasing evidence that plant communities in changing environments may be relatively stable regarding average species richness or average indicator values, but that this apparent stability is often accompanied by a marked turnover of species.

scholarly journals Mycocoenology in Abies alba Miller woods of central-southern Tuscany (Italy)

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Laganà ◽  
Elena Salerni ◽  
Carla Barluzzi ◽  
Claudia Perini ◽  
Vincenzo De Dominicis
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Natural Evolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fungal Biodiversity

Numerous reports indicate that fir woods in central and northern Europe have recently been damaged by increasing pollution. It has been demonstrated that fungi can be good bioindicators of forest health status. In polluted areas the production of fruit bodies generally declines and the fungal biodiversity, especially of symbiotic species, is reduced. Here we report the results of a survey of the fungal and plant communities in woods of <em>Abies alba</em> Miller in central-southern Tuscany, already studied in the past. Certain changes were observed in the study areas, but they seem more likely to be due to other factors than pollution, such as the weather conditions, the age and natural evolution of the forests towards their climax.

scholarly journals Species turnover reveals hidden effects of decreasing nitrogen deposition in mountain hay meadows

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Roth ◽  
Lukas Kohli ◽  
Christoph Bühler ◽  
Beat Rihm ◽  
Reto Giulio Meuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Community Change ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Indicator Values ◽  
Hay Meadows ◽  
Random Expectation

Nitrogen (N) deposition is a major threat to biodiversity in many habitats. The recent introduction of cleaner technologies in Switzerland has led to a reduction in the emissions of nitrogen oxides, with a consequent decrease in N deposition. We examined different drivers of plant community change, i.e. N deposition, climate warming, and land-use change, in Swiss mountain hay meadows, using data from the Swiss biodiversity monitoring program. We compared indicator values of species that disappeared from or colonized a site (species turnover) with the indicator values of randomly chosen species from the same site. While oligotrophic plant species were more likely to colonize, compared to random expectation, we found only weak shifts in plant community composition. In particular, the average nutrient value of plant communities remained stable over time (2003-2017). We found the largest deviations from random expectation in the nutrient values of colonizing species, suggesting that N deposition or other factors that change the nutrient content of soils were important drivers of the species composition change over the last 15 years in Swiss mountain hay meadows. In addition, we observed an overall replacement of species with lower indicator values for temperature with species with higher values. Apparently, the community effects of the replacement of eutrophic species with oligotrophic species was outweighed by climate warming. Our results add to the increasing evidence that plant communities in changing environments may be relatively stable regarding average species richness or average indicator values, but that this apparent stability is often accompanied by a marked turnover of species.

scholarly journals Northern areas as refugia for temperate species under current climate warming: Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a model in northern Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. Horreo ◽  
Andrew M. Griffiths ◽  
Gonzalo Machado-Schiaffino ◽  
Jamie R. Stevens ◽  
Eva Garcia-Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Temperate Species ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Current Climate ◽  
Northern Areas

Responses of alpine plant communities to climate warming

2019 ◽  
pp. 297-346
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Winkler ◽  
Kaitlin C. Lubetkin ◽  
Alyssa A. Carrell ◽  
Meredith D. Jabis ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Alpine Plant ◽  
Alpine Plant Communities
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