scholarly journals Drought and recovery effects on belowground respiration dynamics and the partitioning of recent carbon in managed and abandoned grassland

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 4366-4378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Ingrisch ◽  
Stefan Karlowsky ◽  
Roland Hasibeder ◽  
Gerd Gleixner ◽  
Michael Bahn
Keyword(s):  
Belowground Respiration ◽  
Abandoned Grassland

scholarly journals Above and Below Ground Biomass and Carbon Stock in Permanent Grasslands of Slovakia

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Miriam Kizeková ◽  
Radoslava Kanianska ◽  
Ľubica Jančová ◽  
Jozef Čunderlík ◽  
Zuzana Dugátová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Hay Meadows ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Grassland Type ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Abandoned Grassland

Abstract This paper aimed to monitory the dry matter biomass production and carbon stocks of above-and below-ground biomass in five types of grasslands in Slovakia: i) lowland oversowed pasture ii) lowland hay meadows, iii) mesophilous pasture, iv) mountain hay meadows, v) abandoned grassland. Averaged over two cropping seasons the total above-and below-ground biomass differed significantly across the monitored grasslands. It ranged respectively from 2.18 to 7.86 t/ha and from 9.64 to 22.67 t/ha dry matter depending on the pedoclimatic condition and the botanical composition of each grassland type. Consequently, this resulted also in the carbon stocks in above-and below-ground biomass. Generally, the mean carbon stocks were 1.56 t/ha for above-ground biomass (24%) and 4.83 t/ha for below-ground biomass (76%). The botanical composition for all the grassland types was also described. The highest number of plant species (55) was observed in lowland hay meadow located in Slovak Karst, the lowest one (23) for the oversowed grassland located in Eastern Slovak Upland. This monitoring paper showed that semi-natural grassland habitats and improved grasslands as well are an important carbon sink, and they can play a key role in global climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals Impact of weather on dynamics of plant functional groups in an abandoned limestone grassland

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Dzwonko ◽  
Stefania Loster
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Functional Groups ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Successional Species ◽  
Abandoned Grassland ◽  
Vegetative Spread ◽  
Natural Grassland

We examined to what extend the rate and direction of changes in unmanaged grassland depend on fluctuations in climatic conditions. Vegetation data from permanent plots in a semi-natural grassland in southern Poland collected over 12 years were used. Relations between weather variables, time, and the cover of 41 more frequent species and 14 plant functional groups were analysed. The greatest effect on the dynamics of species and functional groups had precipitation in spring and/or early summer, particularly in the current year. The majority of plant groups were significantly affected also by the temperature in spring and early summer in one of the three previous years. During 12 years, the cover of annuals and biennials, short plants, and plants with small leaves decreased, while the cover of taller plants, plants with larger leaves, and with vegetative spread increased. The analyses suggest that these successional changes were not directly associated with climatic conditions but were affected by them indirectly through interspecific competition. The fluctuations in climatic conditions, chiefly precipitation, had a significant effect on both the composition and the rate of changes in abandoned grassland. The increase in the cover of tall perennial species with broad leaves hindered succession towards woodland despite of the presence of woods in the closed vicinity. It can be expected that during drier periods colonisation of grassland by later successional species could be easier.

Sward structure and diet selection after sheep introduction on abandoned grassland in the Giant Mts, Czech Republic

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Hejcman ◽  
Irena Žáková ◽  
Miloslav Bílek ◽  
Pavla Bendová ◽  
Pavla Hejcmanová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Mountain Grassland ◽  
Veratrum Album ◽  
Preferred Species ◽  
Abandoned Grassland ◽  
Species Occurrences ◽  
Drinking Place ◽  
Sward Structure

AbstractThe effect of rotational grazing on the sward structure of long-term abandoned grassland and the sheep diet selection were investigated in the Giant Mts (Krkonoše/Karkonosze). The aim of the study was to answer the following questions: (1) Does sheep grazing affect the sward structure of previously abandoned mountain grassland? (2) How does sheep diet selection develop within and among grazing seasons? (3) Which section of a pasture do sheep prefer to graze? Data was collected three times during each grazing season in spring, summer and in autumn in the years 2001, 2002 and 2003 Fifty 1 × 1 m plots were used where the plant species occurrence and damage of plants by grazing for all species were repeatedly recorded. 1) Nonsignificant changes in plant species occurrences were recorded in spite of obvious visual changes in sward structure due to grazing e.g. the retreat of tall dominant species characteristic of long-term unmanaged grasslands. 2) Seasonal as well as inter-annual changes in sheep diet selection were detected. In spring 2001, sheep grazed over a wide variety of plant species in low quantities. In subsequent springs, they preferred species favoured during previous autumns (Veratrum album subsp. lobelianum; Ranunculus platanifolius; Senecio ovatus) and changed the diet only as a result of the elimination of favoured plants. 3) Sheep preferred to graze at the highest elevated part of the pasture probably as a consequence of anti-predator behaviour not due to higher occurrence of favoured plant species or the presence of a drinking place or salt licks. Changes in the sward structure were mostly of a quantitative not qualitative character, thus the presence-absence data collection is not a suitable method for monitoring the effects of management restoration. The diet selection changed probably due to the animals’ experience; sheep had no experience with montane species in spring 2001. The sheep were able to recognize favoured plant species after 6 months of wintering in lowland.

Estimating “autotrophic” belowground respiration in spruce and beech forests: decreases following girdling

2005 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian P. Andersen ◽  
Ivan Nikolov ◽  
Petia Nikolova ◽  
Rainer Matyssek ◽  
Karl-Heinz Häberle
Keyword(s):  
Beech Forests ◽  
Belowground Respiration

scholarly journals Effects of Grazing Abandoned Grassland on Herbage Production and Utilization, and Sheep Preference and Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håvard Steinshamn ◽  
Lise Grøva ◽  
Steffen A. Adler ◽  
Emma Brunberg ◽  
Unni S. Lande
Keyword(s):  
And Performance ◽  
Abandoned Grassland

Changes of the functional diversity of soil microbial community during the colonization of abandoned grassland by a forest

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gömöryová ◽  
R. Hrivnák ◽  
M. Janišová ◽  
K. Ujházy ◽  
D. Gömöry
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Abandoned Grassland

Diurnal Lepidoptera: Sensitive Indicators of Cultivated and Abandoned Grassland

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 849 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Erhardt
Keyword(s):  
Abandoned Grassland

Recovery of plant species, richness and composition in abandoned grassland in arid region

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 199-216
Author(s):  
F. Aukour ◽  
A. Al-Hammouri ◽  
A. Al-Ghzawi
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Abandoned Grassland

Partitioning heterotrophic and rhizospheric soil respiration in a mature Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forest

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1287-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachelle G. Lalonde ◽  
Cindy E. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Lateral Diffusion ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Sources Of Error ◽  
Nylon Mesh ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Belowground Respiration ◽  
Root Exclusion ◽  
Better Than

Total belowground respiration (Rs) was partitioned into heterotrophic (Rh) and rhizospheric (Rr) respiration to determine the amount of CO2 originating from each component in a coastal Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) forest. Rh was measured within cylinders from which roots, hyphae, and associated rhizosphere organisms were excluded by a 0.5 μm nylon mesh and installed 50 cm into the soil. Rs was 12 Mg C·ha–1·year–1 and ranged from 0.71 to 6.57 g C·m–2·day–1 during the 15 month experiment. Rh was 7.8 Mg C·ha–1·year–1, which contributed 65% of Rs, mostly between May and August. Rr was 4.2 Mg C·ha–1·year–1 (35% of Rs) and peaked in spring and fall. Soil temperature described the variability in Rs (p = 0.0004) better than soil moisture (p = 0.6156) and Rh was more closely related to temperature than was Rr. Values of Q10 were 1.7 for Rs and 2.2 for Rh. We also assessed three potential sources of error associated with this root-exclusion technique: respiration from decaying severed roots, stimulated respiration as a result of cylinder installation, and lateral diffusion of CO2 into cylinders. None of these artifacts were found to be significant sources of error in this experiment.

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