Relationship between swallowing function and the skeletal muscle mass of older adults requiring long‐term care

Purpose: In this study, our purpose was to examine the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and higher-level functional capacity in female community-dwelling older adults. Participant(s) and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we targeted 55 female community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above participating in long-term care prevention classes in Ibaraki Prefecture between 2018 and 2020. We excluded individuals with cognitive impairment and those judged as having sarcopenia. The variables of interest included age, height, weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), handgrip strength, step count, and family structure. We calculated the SMI by dividing the extremities’ total lean mass by the square of the height (in m), while the number of steps was calculated using the three-axis accelerometer Actigraph GT3X®. We measured skeletal muscle mass via bioelectrical impedance analysis using the InBody270 body composition analyzer and muscular strength as grip strength. Results: We observed significant relationships between skeletal muscle mass and Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) (β = 0.336, p < 0.01) and handgrip strength (β = 0.230). Conclusion: In this study, a relationship between skeletal muscle mass and higher-level functional capacity was demonstrated among elderly female community residents.

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Effect of 12-month resistance and endurance training on quality, quantity, and function of skeletal muscle in older adults requiring long-term care

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2017.08.036 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 98 ◽

pp. 230-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Akito Yoshiko ◽

Takashi Kaji ◽

Hiroki Sugiyama ◽

Teruhiko Koike ◽

Yoshiharu Oshida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Endurance Training ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Term Care ◽

And Function

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Author response for "The Effect Of Fall Biomechanics On Risk For Hip Fracture In Older Adults: A Cohort Study Of Video‐Captured Falls In Long‐Term Care"

10.1002/jbmr.4048/v2/response1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yijian Yang ◽

Vicki Komisar ◽

Nataliya Shishov ◽

Bryan Lo ◽

Alexandra MB Korall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Hip Fracture ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Author Response ◽

Term Care

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Decision Making and Implementation of Aging-in-Place/Long Term Care Plans Among Older Adults

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct03960476 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Decision Making ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Aging In Place ◽

Term Care ◽

Care Plans

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Uitbraak COVID-19 in de verpleeghuiszorg

Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie ◽

10.36613/tgg.1875-6832/2020.03.01 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Nursing Home ◽

Nursing Homes ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Informal Caregivers ◽

Rapid Review ◽

Daily Routine ◽

Term Care ◽

Care Facilities

Long-term care for older adults is highly affect by the COVID-19 outbreak. The objective of this rapid review is to understand what we can learn from previous crises or disasters worldwide to optimize the care for older adults in long term care facilities during the outbreak of COVID-19. We searched five electronic databases to identify potentially relevant articles. In total, 23 articles were included in this study. Based on the articles, it appeared that nursing homes benefit from preparing for the situation as best as they can. For instance, by having proper protocols and clear division of tasks and collaboration within the organization. In addition, it is helpful for nursing homes to collaborate closely with other healthcare organizations, general practitioners, informal caregivers and local authorities. It is recommended that nursing homes pay attention to capacity and employability of staff and that they support or relieve staff where possible. With regard to care for the older adults, it is important that staff tries to find a new daily routine in the care for residents as soon as possible. Some practical tips were found on how to communicate with people who have dementia. Furthermore, behavior of people with dementia may change during a crisis. We found tips for staff how to respond and act upon behavior change. After the COVID-19 outbreak, aftercare for staff, residents, and informal caregivers is essential to timely detect psychosocial problems. The consideration between, on the one hand, acute safety and risk reduction (e.g. by closing residential care facilities and isolating residents), and on the other hand, the psychosocial consequences for residents and staff, were discussed in case of other disasters. Furthermore, the search of how to provide good (palliative) care and to maintain quality of life for older adults who suffer from COVID-19 is also of concern to nursing home organizations. In the included articles, the perspective of older adults, informal caregivers and staff is often lacking. Especially the experiences of older adults, informal caregivers, and nursing home staff with the care for older adults in the current situation, are important in formulating lessons about how to act before, during and after the coronacrisis. This may further enhance person-centered care, even in times of crisis. Therefore, we recommend to study these experiences in future research.

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Frailty and hospitalization-associated disability after pneumonia: A prospective cohort study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02049-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chan Mi Park ◽

Wonsock Kim ◽

Hye Chang Rhim ◽

Eun Sik Lee ◽

Jong Hun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Functional Decline ◽

Tube Feeding ◽

Term Care ◽

Pneumonia Severity ◽

Frailty Assessment ◽

Nasogastric Tube Feeding

Abstract Background Pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults. The role of frailty assessment in older adults with pneumonia is not well defined. Our purpose of the study was to investigate 30-day clinical course and functional outcomes of pneumonia in older adults with different levels of frailty. Methods A prospective cohort was conducted at a university hospital in Seoul, Korea with 176 patients who were 65 years or older and hospitalized with pneumonia. A 50-item deficit-accumulation frailty index (FI) (range: 0–1; robust < 0.15, pre-frail 0.15–0.24, mild-to-moderately frail 0.25–0.44, and severely frail ≥ 0.45) and the pneumonia severity CURB-65 score (range: 0–5) were measured. Primary outcome was death or functional decline, defined as worsening dependencies in 21 daily activities and physical tasks in 30 days. Secondary outcomes were intensive care unit admission, psychoactive drug use, nasogastric tube feeding, prolonged hospitalization (length of stay > 15 days), and discharge to a long-term care institution. Results The population had a median age 79 (interquartile range, 75–84) years, 68 (38.6 %) female, and 45 (25.5 %) robust, 36 (47.4 %) pre-frail, 37 (21.0 %) mild-to-moderately frail, and 58 (33.0 %) severely frail patients. After adjusting for age, sex, and CURB-65, the risk of primary outcome for increasing frailty categories was 46.7 %, 61.1 %, 83.8 %, and 86.2 %, respectively (p = 0.014). The risk was higher in patients with frailty (FI ≥ 0.25) than without (FI < 0.25) among those with CURB-65 0–2 points (75 % vs. 52 %; p = 0.022) and among those with CURB-65 3–5 points (93 % vs. 65 %; p = 0.007). In addition, patients with greater frailty were more likely to require nasogastric tube feeding (robust vs. severe frailty: 13.9 % vs. 60.3 %) and prolonged hospitalization (18.2 % vs. 50.9 %) and discharge to a long-term care institution (4.4 % vs. 59.3 %) (p < 0.05 for all). Rates of intensive care unit admission and psychoactive drug use were similar. Conclusions Older adults with frailty experience high rates of death or functional decline in 30 days of pneumonia hospitalization, regardless of the pneumonia severity. These results underscore the importance of frailty assessment in the acute care setting.

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Older Adults Diagnosed With Schizophrenia in Long-term Care Facilities: Life Course Theory for Holistic Nursing Research and Practice

Journal of Holistic Nursing ◽

10.1177/08980101211025372 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089801012110253

Author(s):

Verónica G. Walker ◽

Elizabeth K. Walker

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Life Course ◽

Health Beliefs ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Life Course Theory ◽

Nursing Research ◽

Term Care ◽

Holistic Nursing ◽

Care Facilities

Older adults diagnosed with schizophrenia (OADWS) often enter long-term care facilities with unique challenges related to trauma and stress experienced throughout their life course. Health care workers often report that when they work with this population, they feel unprepared due to limited training. In this article, life course theory is presented as a lens for holistic nursing research and as a way for nurses to adapt interventions already used with cognitively impaired older adults (e.g., those diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease) for OADWS in long-term care. It is hoped that these ideas will facilitate discussion of ways to inform training for holistic long-term care of OADWS. Holistic principles of nursing addressed with life course theory as a lens include the following: (a) accounting for strengths and challenges; (b) honoring experiences, values, and health beliefs; (c) viewing interrelationships with the environment; and (d) nurturing of peace, wholeness, and healing.

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