scholarly journals Prethymic Nylon Wool-Passed Bone Marrow Cells, Substituting for Helper T Cells, Can Augment the Generation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes from Their Precursors

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1115-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao J. Tanabe
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Nylon Wool ◽  
Marrow Cells

Spaceflight alters immune cell function and distribution

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. S191-S195 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sonnenfeld ◽  
A. D. Mandel ◽  
I. V. Konstantinova ◽  
W. D. Berry ◽  
G. R. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
The United States ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Stimulating Factor ◽  
Marrow Cells

Experiments were carried out aboard COSMOS 2044 to determine the effects of spaceflight on immunologically important cell function and distribution. Control groups included vivarium, synchronous, and antiorthostatically suspended rats. In one experiment, rat bone marrow cells were examined in Moscow, for their response to recombinant murine granulocyte/monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In another experiment, rat spleen and bone marrow cells were stained in Moscow with a variety of antibodies directed against cell surface antigenic markers. These cells were preserved and shipped to the United States for analysis on a flow cytometer. Bone marrow cells from flown and suspended rats showed a decreased response to granulocyte/monocyte colony-stimulating factor compared with bone marrow cells from control rats. Of the spleen cell subpopulations examined from flown rats, only those cells expressing markers for suppressor-cytotoxic T- and helper T-cells showed an increased percentage of stained cells. Bone marrow cells showed an increase in the percentage of cells expressing markers for helper T-cells in the myelogenous population and increased percentages of anti-asialo granulocyte/monocyte-1-bearing interleukin-2 receptor-bearing pan T- and helper T-cells in the lymphocytic population. Cell populations from rats suspended antiorthostatically did not follow the same pattern of distribution of leukocytes as cell populations for flown rats. The results from COSMOS 2044 are similar, but not identical, to earlier results from COSMOS 1887 and confirm that spaceflight can have profound effects on immune system components and activities.

scholarly journals Cell-mediated amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia associated with systemic lupus erythematosus

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-483
Author(s):  
T Nagasawa ◽  
T Sakurai ◽  
H Kashiwagi ◽  
T Abe
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Marrow Cells

We studied a patient with a rare complication of amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (AMT) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To investigate the underlying pathogenesis of AMT, the effects of peripheral blood T cells and serum on human megakaryocyte progenitor cells were studied using in vitro coculture techniques. Mononuclear bone marrow cells (2 X 10(5) from normal donors produced 33.6 +/- 8.8 (n = 10) colony-forming unit-megakaryocytes (CFU-M) in our plasma clot system. When 2 X 10(5) of the patient's T cells were added to the culture system, the number of CFU-M decreased to only 3.5 +/- 0.6/2 X 10(5) bone marrow cells. No evidence of inhibitory effects was found by the addition of the patient's serum and complement to the culture system. The T cells stored at -80 degrees C on admission were also capable of suppressing autologous CFU-M after recovery from AMT. These results indicate that in vitro suppression of CFU-M from allogenic and autologous bone marrow cells by this patient's T cells provides an explanation for the pathogenesis of AMT associated with SLE.

scholarly journals The identification in adult bone marrow of pluripotent and restricted stem cells of the myeloid and lymphoid systems

1977 ◽  
Vol 145 (6) ◽  
pp. 1567-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Abramson ◽  
RG Miller ◽  
RA Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Hemopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Lymphoid System ◽  
Unique Chromosome ◽  
Marrow Cells

The precise relationship between the stem cells for the lymphoid system and those for the blood-forming system is unclear. While it is generally assumed that the hemopoietic stem cell, the spleen colony-forming unit (CFU-S), is also the stem cell for the lymphoid system, there is little evidence for this hypothesis. To investigate the stem cells in these two systems, we irradiated bone marrow cells to induce unique chromosome aberrations in the stem cell population and injected them at limiting dilution into stem cell-deficient recipients. Several months (between 3 and 11) were allowed for the injected cells to repopulate the hemopoietic system. At that time, the bone marrow, spleen, and thymus were examined for a high frequency of cells having the same unique chromosome aberration. The presence of such markers shows that the marker was induced in a cell with extensive proliferative capacity, i.e., a stem cell. In addition, the splenic lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to search for unique chromosomes in dividing T and B cells, respectively. Finally, bone marrow cells were injected into secondary irradiated recipients to determine if the marker occurred in CFU-S and to determine whether or not the same tissue distributions of marked cells could be propogated by bone marrow cells in a second recipient. After examination of 28 primary recipients, it was possible to identify three unique patterns of stem cell regeneration. In one set of mice, a unique chromosome marker was observed in CFU-S and in PHA- and LPS-stimulated cultures. These mice provide direct evidence for a pluripotent stem cell in bone marrow. In addition, two restricted stem cells were identified by this analysis. In three recipients, abnormal karyotypes were found only in myeloid cells and not in B and T lymphocytes. These mice presumably received a marked stem cell restricted to differentiate only into myeloid progeny. In three other recipients, chromosome aberrations were found only in PHA-stimulated cells; CFU-S and cells from LPS cultures did not have cells with the unique chromosome. This pattern suggests that bone marrow contains cells committed to differentiation only into T lymphocytes. For each of the three types of stem cells, secondary recipients had the same cellular distribution of marked cells as the primary recipients. This observation provides further evidence that unique markers can be induced in both pluripotent and restricted stem cells.

Extrathymic Development and Function of Human T-Lymphocytes from Bone Marrow Cells in Vitro

1994 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Adibzadeh ◽  
H.J. Bühring ◽  
T. Daikeler ◽  
P. Siegels-Hübenthal ◽  
M. Owsianowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Human T Lymphocytes ◽  
And Function ◽  
Marrow Cells

scholarly journals Cell-mediated suppression of megakaryocytopoiesis in acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenic purpura

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Gewirtz ◽  
MK Sacchetti ◽  
R Bien ◽  
WE Barry
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abstract Acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenic purpura (AATP) is a disorder of hematopoiesis characterized by severe thrombocytopenia due to a selective reduction or total absence of megakaryocytes in an otherwise normal-appearing bone marrow. Although the development of autoantibodies directed against cells in the megakaryocyte progenitor cell pool has been implicated in the pathogenesis of this disorder, cell-mediated suppression of megakaryocytopoiesis has not been described. Accordingly, we report two cases of AATP in which in vitro suppression of megakaryocyte colony formation by autologous ancillary marrow cells was demonstrable. Light-density bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) obtained from both patients were either plated directly into plasma clot cultures, or after first being depleted by adherent monocytes (M phi) or T lymphocytes using standard methodologies. In some experiments, the depleted ancillary marrow cells were recovered for autologous co-culture studies with the MNCs from which they had been depleted. Megakaryocyte colony formation was detected in the cultures using an indirect immunofluorescence assay with a rabbit anti- human platelet glycoprotein antiserum. Removal of M phi (n = 6), or T lymphocytes (n = 4) from normal marrow MNCs had no apparent effect on colony formation. In contrast, depleting T lymphocytes from the MNCs of patient 1 significantly augmented megakaryocyte colony formation; a similar effect was observed after depleting M phi from the MNCs of patient 2. This observed augmentation in colony formation could be abrogated by autologous co-culture with the putative suppressor cell at effector cell/target cell ratios of 1:10 in the case of T lymphocytes or 1:5 in the case of M phi. Neither suppression nor stimulation of megakaryocyte colony formation was observed after culturing normal MNCs with autologous T cells (n = 4) or M phi (n = 3) at similar or greater ratios. We also observed inhibition of megakaryocyte colony formation after culturing normal MNCs in the presence of tissue culture medium conditioned by the M phi of patient 2. This effect was shown to be specific for megakaryocytes since this same conditioned medium had no significant effect on BFU-E and CFU-E-derived colony formation by autologous marrow mononuclear cells. These results suggest that: both T cells and M phi are capable of exerting a regulatory effect on the proliferation of human megakaryocyte progenitor cells (CFU-Meg); in the case of M phi, a soluble factor elaborated by these cells may be responsible for suppressing CFU-Meg growth; and aberrant ancillary cell- megakaryocyte progenitor cell interactions may lead to clinically significant disease.

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