Meibomian gland secretion in the red eyes of rosacea

A possible approach for the treatment of meibomian gland disease (MGD) can be the supplementation of meibomian gland secretion (MGS) with nonpolar lipids (NPL) rich plant oils. Sesame oil (SO), approximately equal in monounsaturated fat (oleic acid, 40% of total) and polyunsaturated fat (linoleic acid, 42% of total), has shown multiple health benefits due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Thus, the interactions between SO and MGS in surface layers deserve further study. Therefore, pseudobinary films were formed with controlled MGS/SO molar ratios (0%, 10%, 30%, 50%, and 100% SO) at the air/water surface of the Langmuir trough over phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4) subphase. Surface pressure (π)-area (A) isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy observations showed nonideal interactions where SO aggregates with MGS and complements the NPL stratum of the meibomian layers. The analysis of stress relaxation transients with Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts equation revealed that the supplementation of fixed amount of MGS with excess lipids via SO altered the dilatational elasticity of the films as reflected by the increase of the exponent β. Thus, SO with its unique combination of high oxidative stability and abundance of long polyunsaturated acyl chains might be a useful supplement to MGS layers.

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Evaluation of Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Teenagers with Myopia through Noninvasive Keratograph

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2016/6761206 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Xiu Wang ◽

Xiaoxiao Lu ◽

Jun Yang ◽

Ruihua Wei ◽

Liyuan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Meibomian Gland ◽

Normal Group ◽

Meibomian Gland Dysfunction ◽

Noninvasive Method ◽

Normal Range ◽

Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽

Surface Conditions ◽

Meibomian Gland Secretion

Purpose. This study aims to evaluate dry eye and ocular surface conditions of myopic teenagers by using questionnaire and clinical examinations.Methods. A total of 496 eyes from 248 myopic teenagers (7–18 years old) were studied. We administered Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, slit-lamp examination, and Keratograph 5M. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on OSDI dry eye standard, and their ocular surfaces and meibomian gland conditions were evaluated.Results. The tear meniscus heights of the dry eye and normal groups were in normal range. Corneal fluorescein scores were significantly higher whereas noninvasive break-up time was dramatically shorter in the dry eye group than in the normal group. All three meibomian gland dysfunction parameters (i.e., meibomian gland orifice scores, meibomian gland secretion scores, and meibomian gland dropout scores) of the dry eye group were significantly higher than those of the normal group (P<0.0001).Conclusions. The prevalence of dry eye in myopic teenagers is 18.95%. Meibomian gland dysfunction plays an important role in dry eye in myopic teenagers. The Keratograph 5M appears to provide an effective noninvasive method for assessing ocular surface situation of myopic teenagers.

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Evaluation of the Safety and Effectiveness of Intense Pulsed Light in the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2016/1910694 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Xiaodan Jiang ◽

Huibin Lv ◽

Hang Song ◽

Mingzhou Zhang ◽

Yan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ocular Surface ◽

Meibomian Gland ◽

Intense Pulsed Light ◽

Conjunctival Injection ◽

Pulsed Light ◽

Open Label ◽

Eyelid Margin ◽

Efficient Treatment ◽

Meibomian Gland Secretion ◽

Tear Meniscus Height

Purpose.This study aims to explore the safety and efficacy of a novel treatment-intense pulsed light (IPL) in MGD eyes.Methods.This study is a prospective and open label study. Forty eyes of 40 MGD patients were recruited in the study and received 4 consecutive IPL treatments on day 1, day 15, day 45, and day 75. Ten ocular surface symptoms were evaluated with a subjective face score at every visit. Best spectacle corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), conjunctival injection, upper and lower tear meniscus height (TMH), tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal staining, lid margin and meibomian gland assessments, and meibography were also recorded at every visit, as well as the adverse effects on the eye and ocular surface.Results.Significant improvements were observed in single and total ocular surface symptom scores, TBUT, and conjunctival injection at all the visits after the initial IPL treatment (P<0.05). Compared to baseline, the signs of eyelid margin, meibomian gland secretion quality, and expressibility were significantly improved at every visit after treatments. There was no regional and systemic threat observed in any patient.Conclusion.Intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy is a safe and efficient treatment in relieving symptoms and signs of MGD eyes.

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Red Eyes

Attachment New Directions in Psychotherapy and Relational Psychoanalysis ◽

10.33212/att.v11n3.2017.290 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 290-293

Author(s):

Jasmine Thombs

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Alliance ◽

Therapeutic Process ◽

Maternal Deprivation ◽

Severe Reaction ◽

Grief And Loss ◽

Internal Working Model ◽

Internal Working ◽

Threatening Condition ◽

Sight Loss ◽

Red Eyes

This vignette illustrates how an individual with a complex pathology can present with a sight-threatening condition that appears to resist medical treatment in some measure if the psychological component is ignored. The case exemplifies the way in which therapeutic intervention can help in the recovery from a sightthreatening condition and from the underlying trauma associated with it. It is recognised that people affected by sight-threatening conditions will understandably experience very strong and at times overwhelming feelings related to grief and loss. In this case, the possibility of sight loss created a severe reaction of panic and confusion, and disrupted cognitive functions. These problems were often compounded by symptoms including anger, disassociation, apathy, and depression. This vignette showed how Bowlby's concepts of attachment and loss, and maternal deprivation, helped in the therapeutic alliance. The understanding of the client's internal working model was fundamental to the ongoing therapeutic process that allowed her to heal.

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