scholarly journals Microgeographical and tribal variations in water contact and Schistosoma mansoni exposure within a Ugandan fishing community

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 724-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Pinot De Moira ◽  
Anthony J. C. Fulford ◽  
Narcis B. Kabatereine ◽  
Francis Kazibwe ◽  
John H. Ouma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Water Contact

Adult resistance to schistosomiasis mansoni: age-dependence of reinfection remains constant in communities with diverse exposure patterns

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. KABATEREINE ◽  
B. J. VENNERVALD ◽  
J. H. OUMA ◽  
J. KEMIJUMBI ◽  
A. E. BUTTERWORTH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Age Dependence ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Schistosomiasis Mansoni ◽  
Exposure Patterns ◽  
Stark Contrast

In a fishing community on Lake Albert in Uganda the pattern of intensity of Schistosoma mansoni infection 6 months after treatment with praziquantel was found to be very similar to reinfection patterns seen in previously studied endemic communities: the profile peaks sharply at around the age of 10 years falling away rapidly to much lower levels in adults. This is in stark contrast to the patterns of water contact, which differ greatly between fishing and non-fishing communities. On Lake Albert, adults appear to be more heavily exposed than children. From these observations we conclude that adults are physiologically (perhaps immunologically) more resistant to infection after treatment than children.

scholarly journals Predicting frequency distribution and influence of sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors of Schistosoma mansoni infection and analysis of co-infection with intestinal parasites

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla V.V. Rollemberg ◽  
Marília M.B.L. Silva ◽  
Karla C. Rollemberg ◽  
Fábio R. Amorim ◽  
Nayanna M.N. Lessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Kernel Estimation ◽  
Kernel Estimator ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Untreated Water

Geospatial analysis was used to study the epidemiology of <em>Schistosoma mansoni</em>, intestinal parasites and co-infections in an area (Ilha das Flores) in Sergipe, Brazil. We collected individually georeferenced sociodemographic, behavioral and parasitological data from 500 subjects, analyzed them by conventional statistics, and produced risk maps by Kernel estimation. The prevalence rates found were: <em>S. mansoni</em> (24.0%), <em>Trichuris trichiura</em> (54.8%), <em>Ascaris lumbricoides</em> (49.2%), Hookworm (17.6%) and <em>Entamoeba histolytica</em> (7.0%). Only 59/500 (11.8%) individuals did not present any of these infections, whereas 279/500 (55.8%) were simultaneously infected by three or more parasites. We observed associations between <em>S. mansoni</em> infection and various variables such as male gender, being rice farmer or fisherman, low educational level, low income, water contact and drinking untreated water. The Kernel estimator indicated that high-risk areas coincide with the poorest regions of the villages as well as with the part of the villages without an adequate sewage system. We also noted associations between both <em>A. lumbricoides</em> and hookworm infections with low education and low income. <em>A. lumbricoides</em> infection and <em>T. trichiura</em> infection were both associated with drinking untreated water and residential open-air sewage. These findings call for an integrated approach to effectively control multiple parasitic infections.

scholarly journals Biological implications of the phenotypic plasticity in the Schistosoma mansoni - Nectomys squamipes model

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Machado Martinez ◽  
Michele Costa-Silva ◽  
Renata Heisler Neves ◽  
Regina Maria Figueiredo de Oliveira ◽  
José Roberto Machado-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Patent Period ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Schistosomiasis Mansoni ◽  
Infectivity Rate ◽  
Biological Modification

The water-rat Nectomys squamipes is mostly important non-human host in schistosomiasis mansoni transmission in Brazil, due to its susceptibility, high abundance and water-contact pattern. During experimental infection of N. squamipes with Schistosoma mansoni, adult worms show phenotypic plasticity. This finding led us to investigate whether biological behavior is also affected. This was assessed comparing the biological characteristics of four S. mansoni strains: BE (State of Belém do Pará), CE (State of Pernambuco), CMO (State of Rio Grande do Norte) and SJ (State of São Paulo) using laboratory-bred N. squamipes. The infection was monitored by determination of the pre-patent period, fecal egg output, egg viability, intestinal egg count and, infectivity rate. No biological modification was observed in these parameters. Overall results highlight that N. squamipes was susceptible to several S. mansoni strains, suggesting that it might contribute to the maintenance of schistosomiasis mansoni in Brazil.

scholarly journals Exposure to Schistosoma mansoni infection in a rural area in Brazil. Part III: household aggregation of water-contact behaviour

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Bethony ◽  
Jeff T. Williams ◽  
Simon Brooker ◽  
Andrea Gazzinelli ◽  
Maria F. Gazzinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Contact Behaviour

Epidemiology and morbidity of Schistosoma mansoni infection in a fishing community along Lake Albert in Uganda

2004 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 711-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Kabatereine ◽  
J. Kemijumbi ◽  
J.H. Ouma ◽  
H.C. Kariuki ◽  
J. Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Fishing Community

Exposure to Schistosoma mansoni infection in a rural area of Brazil. I: Water contact

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gazzinelli ◽  
Jeffrey Bethony ◽  
L. Alves Fraga ◽  
P. T. LoVerde ◽  
R. Correa-Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Water Contact

Schistosoma mansoni infection in a natural population of olive baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. M. MÜLLER-GRAF ◽  
D. A. COLLINS ◽  
C. PACKER ◽  
M. E. J. WOOLHOUSE
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
National Park ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Host Density ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Peak Shift ◽  
Papio Cynocephalus ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Olive Baboons ◽  
High Infection

Infection with Schistosoma mansoni was studied in 5 troops of olive baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania. Three troops were infected with S. mansoni. An aggregated distribution of parasites was observed among hosts. Troop membership was found to be the most significant factor influencing parasite prevalence. Age and reproductive status had no significant effect, but there was a trend for males to acquire higher levels of infection. However, age–prevalence curves showed a high infection in young baboons declining in the older baboons. Behavioural components of exposure – as measured in water-contact pattern – may be related to parasite burden. A ‘peak shift’ between infection in different age-classes in the different troops was observed: troops with higher schistosome prevalences displayed an earlier peak in prevalence of infection. The baboon troop with the most contact with people showed highest prevalence of infection possibly due to longer exposure to the parasite than the other troops and/or higher host density.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Schistosoma mansoni and Associated Factors among Fishermen at Lake Tana, Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Abebaw Fentahun ◽  
Tadesse Hailu ◽  
Getaneh Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lake Tana

Background. Intestinal parasites and Schistosoma mansoni infections adversely affect the health of humans in the world especially in sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. Fishermen who spend most of their time in water bodies are supposed to be at high risk of schistosomiasis and other water-born parasites. However, the magnitude of these parasitic infections and their determinant factors are not well addressed. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Lake Tana among 388 fishermen from March to May 2021. Questionnaire data was collected through face to face interview. Stool sample from each participant was processed by the Kato-Katz and spontaneous tube sedimentation techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results. One hundred sixty four (42.3%) and 88 (22.7%) participants were infected by intestinal parasites and Schistosoma mansoni, respectively. One hundred twenty two (31.4%) and 42 (10.8%) participants were infected by soil-transmitted helminths and intestinal protozoa, respectively. Attending only primary school ( AOR = 2.02 , p = 0.014 ) or being illiterate ( AOR = 2.54 , p = 0.004 ) and not washing hands before meal ( AOR = 2.23 , p = 0.007 ) were significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infections. Illiterate educational status ( AOR = 2.37 , p = 0.022 ), fishing by bargee ( AOR = 2.43 , p = 0.005 ), fishing ≥4 days per week ( AOR = 2.27 , p = 0.029 ), swimming habit ( AOR = 3.03 , p = 0.030 ), and participation in irrigation ( AOR = 3.09 , p ≤ 0.001 ) predispose fishermen to S. mansoni infection. Conclusion. Intestinal parasites and S. mansoni infections are highly prevalent among fishermen at Lake Tana basin. Low education level and frequent water contact predispose fishermen for intestinal parasites and S. mansoni. Therefore, health education to fishermen on intestinal parasites and S. mansoni infection and regular deworming should be advocated.

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