Varicella zoster central nervous system vasculitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant successfully treated with cyclophosphamide

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. E107-E110
Author(s):  
B. Molina ◽  
M. Gonzalez-Vicent ◽  
G. Albi ◽  
M. Andión ◽  
B. Herrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Central Nervous System Vasculitis ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Varicella Zoster

scholarly journals Patterns of central nervous system complications of post-hematopoietic stem cell transplant in pediatric oncology patients: a single institute experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Mahmoud Hammad ◽  
Amr Abdalla ◽  
Khaled Alsheshtawi ◽  
Iman Mohamed Zaky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Important Contributor

Abstract Background Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) has been increasingly used in the last few decades, with improved success in offering a cure. CNS complications are an important contributor to morbidity and mortality in HSCT patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of imaging in the detection and assessment of CNSC (central nervous system complications) after HSCT in pediatric oncology patients. The study included consecutive pediatric patients who underwent HSCT for hematologic or solid malignancies at CCHE-57357 (Children Cancer Hospital–Egypt 57357) from January 2011 to March 2019. The age of the patients in the study ranged from 0.9 to 25 years (median age 6.5 years). CT (computed tomography) and/or MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) studies were evaluated for the detection and characterization of CNSC. Results The incidence of post-HSCT CNSC was 13% with a day 100 and 5-year cumulative incidence of 9.3 and 12.5%, respectively. The most commonly observed CNSC detected was disease recurrence, followed by PRES (Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome). CNS recurrence of the initial diagnosis, atrophy, and infection were more common at the > 100-day post-HSCT transplant period, while PRES was much more common at < 100-day post-HSCT. Conclusion CNS complications are an important contributor to morbidity and mortality in HSCT patients that require MRI protocols distinctively tailored for each patient, clinical suspicion, and proper imaging assessment for early detection and follow-up.

scholarly journals Postexposure Prophylaxis Against Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection Among Recipients of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: Unresolved Issues

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 603-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Weinstock ◽  
Michael Boeckh ◽  
Farid Boulad ◽  
Janet A. Eagan ◽  
Victoria J. Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus Infection ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Postexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Varicella Zoster

AbstractRecent guidelines for the prevention of opportunistic infections have addressed a variety of issues germane to recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplant. However, there are several issues regarding postexposure prophylaxis against varicella-zoster virus that remain unresolved. We address these questions and offer several consensus recommendations.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity of Inactivated Varicella Zoster Vaccine in Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients and Patients With Solid or Hematologic Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Boeckh ◽  
Ann M Arvin ◽  
Kathleen M Mullane ◽  
Luis H Camacho ◽  
Drew J Winston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Stem Cell Transplant ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Varicella Zoster

Abstract Background In phase 3 trials, inactivated varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccine (ZVIN) was well tolerated and efficacious against herpes zoster (HZ) in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (auto-HSCT) recipients and patients with solid tumor malignancies receiving chemotherapy (STMc) but did not reduce HZ incidence in patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs). Here, we describe ZVIN immunogenicity from these studies. Methods Patients were randomized to ZVIN or placebo (4 doses). Immunogenicity was assessed by glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA) and VZV interferon (IFN)-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay in patients receiving all 4 doses without developing HZ at the time of blood sampling. Results Estimated geometric mean fold rise ratios (ZVIN/placebo) by gpELISA and IFN-y ELISPOT ~28 days post–dose 4 were 2.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53–2.67) and 5.41 (95% CI, 3.60–8.12) in auto-HSCT recipients; 1.88 (95% CI, 1.79–1.98) and 2.10 (95% CI, 1.69–2.62) in patients with STMc; and not assessed and 2.35 (95% CI, 1.81–3.05) in patients with HM. Conclusions ZVIN immunogenicity was directionally consistent with clinical efficacy in auto-HSCT recipients and patients with STMc even though HZ protection and VZV immunity were not statistically correlated. Despite a lack of clinical efficacy in patients with HM, ZVIN immunogenicity was observed in this population. Immunological results did not predict vaccine efficacy in these 3 populations. Clinical trial registration NCT01229267, NCT01254630.

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