Microbiological characterization of porcine fetal islet-like cell clusters for intended clinical xenografting

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism is the most common type of secondary hypertension affecting 6–10% of patients with primary hypertension. PA is mainly caused by unilateral hyperaldosteronism due to an aldosterone-producing adenoma, unilateral hyperplasia with or without micronodules or bilateral zona glomerulosa hyperplasias with or without macro or micronodules. The development of antibodies against the terminal enzyme of aldosterone biosynthesis (CYP11B2) has permitted the further characterization of normal adrenals and resected adrenals from patients with primary aldosteronism. Normal adrenals exhibit two different patterns of cellular expression of CYP11B2: young individuals display a relatively uniform expression of the enzyme throughout the zona glomerulosa while the adrenals of older individuals have dispersed CYP11B2-expressing cells but have more groups of cells called aldosterone-producing cell clusters (APCC). APAs exhibit different patterns of CYP11B2 staining that vary from uniform to homogeneous. There are also a proportion of cells within the APA that co-express different enzymes that are not normally co-expressed in normal individuals. Approximately 30% of patients with unilateral hyperaldosteronism do not have an APA, but either have an increased number of CYP11B2 expressing micronodules or hyperplasia of the zona glomerulosa. In summary, the studies reported in this review are shedding new light on the pathophysiology of primary aldosteronism. The wide variation in histopathological features of the adenomas and concurrent presence of APCCs raises the possibility that most cases of unilateral production of aldosterone actually might represent bilateral asymmetric hyperplasia with nodules frequently due to the development of somatic aldosterone-driving mutations.

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Cytologic, Immunocytochemical and Ultrastructural Characterization of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Cell Clusters in Chylous Effusions of Patients with Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Acta Cytologica ◽

10.1159/000325340 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 402-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Keiko Mitani ◽

Toshio Kumasaka ◽

Hiroyuki Takemura ◽

Takuo Hayashi ◽

Yoko Gunji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Clusters ◽

Ultrastructural Characterization

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Abstract 758: Capture and characterization of circulating tumor cell clusters in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer

10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-758 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Samantha L. Savitch ◽

Stephanie S. Yee ◽

Devon Soucier ◽

Denis Smirnov ◽

Chandra Rao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Tumor Cell ◽

Circulating Tumor Cell ◽

Cell Clusters ◽

Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽

Castrate Resistant

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SEM-EDS for determining the phosphorus content in activated sludge EPS

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2001.0351 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 105-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

D. J. Oosthuizen ◽

T. E. Cloete

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽

Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽

In Situ Characterization ◽

Cell Clusters ◽

Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms ◽

Shed Light ◽

Activated Sludge Systems

Not all phosphorus removed in activated sludge systems can be accounted for by polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO). A method for the qualitative and quantitative in situ characterization of PAO cell clusters and closely associated extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) is described. X-ray microanalysis was performed on samples from four activated sludge plants situated in Pretoria, South Africa. Analyses were done by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) combined with Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS). Cell clusters with associated EPS on average contained between 57 and 59% phosphorus, while EPS alone contained on average between 23 and 30% phosphorus. Results suggest that phosphorus removal in activated sludge might be due not only to PAO, but also by EPS acting as a phosphorus reservoir. Extraction of EPS from two different activated sludge plants yielded different amounts of EPS, which, in combination with SEM-EDS, may shed light on different phosphate uptake abilities of different activated sludges.

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Production and Characterization of Fetal Sheep Pancreatic Islet-Like Cell Clusters

Cell Transplantation ◽

10.1177/096368979600500408 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 491-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bernard E. Tuch ◽

Jocelyn C. Madrid ◽

Ellie Summers ◽

Murray S.R. Smith

Keyword(s):

Laser Scanning ◽

Endocrine Cells ◽

Alternative Form ◽

Fetal Sheep ◽

Cell Clusters ◽

Partial Differentiation ◽

Daily Rate ◽

Insulin Secretion In Vitro

Explants of fetal sheep pancreas transplanted into diabetic athymic mice survive for many months but there is only partial differentiation of the endocrine cells. As an alternative form of graft we examined the possibility of creating islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) by collagenase digestion of the fetal sheep pancreas, as has been described for human and porcine fetal pancreas. Such ICCs did form at the rate of 6-23 per 10 mg pancreas; their size varied between 65 and 474 μm (median 232 μm) and their insulin content was 1.6 ± 0.2 mU per 20 ICCs. Laser scanning confocal analysis showed that 4.6 ± 0.7% of the cells contained insulin. Insulin was secreted from ICCs maintained in culture at the daily rate of 2.5 mU per 30 ICCs. Arginine but not glucose or theophylline enhanced acute insulin secretion in vitro. Transplantation of up to 1000 ICCs into athymic and scid mice resulted in sparse growth of the epithelial-like cells in the graft and only partial differentiation of the endocrine cells. Hyperglycaemia in diabetic recipients was not normalized. Thus, while functioning ICCs can be created from fetal sheep pancreas, they do not appear to be appropriate for transplantation to reverse diabetes in mice.

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Characterization of heterotopic cell clusters in the hippocampus of rats exposed to methylazoxymethanol in utero

Epilepsy Research ◽

10.1016/s0920-1211(99)00104-7 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 87-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Scott C Baraban ◽

H.Jurgen Wenzel ◽

Daryl W Hochman ◽

Philip A Schwartzkroin

Keyword(s):

In Utero ◽

Cell Clusters

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Production and characterization of fetal sheep pancreatic islet-like cell clusters

Cell Transplantation ◽

10.1016/0963-6897(95)02045-4 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 491-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B Tuch

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Islet ◽

Fetal Sheep ◽

Cell Clusters

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Identification and characterization of human CD34+ and CD34dim/- neutrophil committed progenitors

10.1101/2021.04.30.442138 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Federica Calzetti ◽

Giulia Finotti ◽

Nicola Tamassia ◽

Francisco Bianchetto-Aguilera ◽

Monica Castellucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Chronic Phase ◽

Specific Gene ◽

Cell Clusters ◽

Human Cd34 ◽

Gene Profiles ◽

Mature Neutrophil ◽

Maturation Stages ◽

Identification And Characterization

We report the identification of human CD66b-CD64dimCD115- neutrophil-committed progenitors within SSClowCD45dim CD34+ and CD34dim/- bone marrow cells, that we named neutrophil myeloblast (NMs). CD34+ and CD34dim/- NMs resulted as either CD45RA+ or CD45RA-, with CD34+ CD45RA- NMs found as selectively expanded in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia patients. By scRNA-seq experiments, CD34+ and CD34dim/- NMs were found to consist of combinations of four cell clusters, characterized by different maturation stages and distributed along two differentiation routes. Cell clusters were identified by neutrophil-specific gene profiles, one of them associated to an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) signature, hence supporting recently identified expansions of mature neutrophil subsets expressing ISGs in blood of diseased individuals. Altogether, our data shed light on the very early phases of neutrophil ontogeny.

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