scholarly journals Liver-specific DNase I-hypersensitive sites and DNA methylation pattern in the promoter region of a 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase gene

1994 ◽  
Vol 220 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale L. N. ZIMMERMANN ◽  
Guy G. ROUSSEAU
2018 ◽  
pp. 383-389
Author(s):  
R. MURÍN ◽  
M. ABDALLA ◽  
N. MURÍNOVÁ ◽  
J. HATOK ◽  
D. DOBROTA

The fundamental biochemical processes of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) synthesis, maintenance, conversion and removal determine the time and spatial pattern of DNA methylation. This has a strong effect on a plethora of physiological aspects of cellular metabolism. While the presence of 5-mC within the promoter region can silence gene expression, its derivative – 5-hydroxymethylcytosine exerts an opposite effect. Dysregulations in the metabolism of 5-mC lead to an altered DNA methylation pattern which is linked with a disrupted epigenome, and are considered to play a significant part in the etiology of several human diseases. A summary of recent knowledge about the molecular processes participating in DNA methylation pattern shaping is provided here.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-230
Author(s):  
Harihar Sapna ◽  
Narasimha Ashwini ◽  
Sampangiramareddy Ramesh ◽  
Karaba N. Nataraja

AbstractDNA methylation is known to regulate gene expression when plants are exposed to abiotic stress such as drought. Therefore, insight into DNA methylation pattern would be useful for a better understanding of the expression profile of genes associated with drought adaptation. In the present study, we attempted to analyse the DNA methylation pattern at the whole-genome level and the expression of a few drought-responsive genes in rice under different regimes of soil water status, i.e. puddled, 100 and 60% field capacities (FC). The methylation-sensitive randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis was employed to identify DNA methylation pattern. We observed an increase in DNA methylation at 60% FC, and reduced methylation under 100% FC compared to puddled condition. The genes such as protein phosphatases (PP2C) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) having CpG islands in their promoter region had lower expression level under 100 and 60% FC compared to puddled conditions. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and RNA helicase 25 (RH25), with no CpG islands in their promoter region, exhibited enhanced expression compared to puddled plants. In rice, increased DNA methylation seems to be an important mechanism associated with drought responses, which probably regulates the methylation-sensitive gene expression. The drought-induced changes in DNA methylation would contribute for epigenetic mechanism. The study provided evidence to argue that drought-induced increased methylation might be one of the major mechanisms associated with acclimation responses in field crops like rice.


2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Kirsten Niles ◽  
Sophie La Salle ◽  
Christopher Oakes ◽  
Jacquetta Trasler

Background: DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification involved in gene expression, genome stability, and genomic imprinting. In the male, methylation patterns are initially erased in primordial germ cells (PGCs) as they enter the gonadal ridge; methylation patterns are then acquired on CpG dinucleotides during gametogenesis. Correct pattern establishment is essential for normal spermatogenesis. To date, the characterization and timing of methylation pattern acquisition in PGCs has been described using a limited number of specific gene loci. This study aimed to describe DNA methylation pattern establishment dynamics during male gametogenesis through global methylation profiling techniques in a mouse model. Methods: Using a chromosome based approach, primers were designed for 24 regions spanning chromosome 9; intergenic, non-repeat, non-CpG island sequences were chosen for study based on previous evidence that these types of sequences are targets for testis-specific methylation events. The percent methylation was determined in each region by quantitative analysis of DNA methylation using real-time PCR (qAMP). The germ cell-specific pattern was determined by comparing methylation between spermatozoa and liver. To examine methylation in developing germ cells, spermatogonia from 2 day- and 6 day-old Oct4-GFP (green fluorescent protein) mice were isolated using fluorescence activated cell sorting. Results: As compared to liver, four loci were hypomethylated and five loci were hypermethylated in spermatozoa, supporting previous results indicating a unique methylation pattern in male germ cells. Only one region was hypomethylated and no regions were hypermethylated in day 6 spermatogonia as compared to mature spermatozoa, signifying that the bulk of DNA methylation is established prior to type A spermatogonia. The methylation in day 2 spermatogonia, germ cells that are just commencing mitosis, revealed differences of 15-20% compared to day 6 spermatogonia at five regions indicating that the most crucial phase of DNA methylation acquisition occurs prenatally. Conclusion: Together, these studies provide further evidence that germ cell methylation patterns differ from those in somatic tissues and suggest that much of methylation at intergenic sites is acquired during prenatal germ cell development. (Supported by CIHR)


2021 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 104223
Author(s):  
Wei Su ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jiu-Xin Tan ◽  
Fu-Ying Dao ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document