scholarly journals Microbial colonisation of artificial and deep-sea sediments in the Arctic Ocean

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Kanzog ◽  
Alban Ramette
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea Sediments

scholarly journals Distribution of PAHs and the PAH-degrading bacteria in the deep-sea sediments of the high-latitude Arctic Ocean

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 13985-14021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dong ◽  
X. Bai ◽  
H. Sheng ◽  
L. Jiao ◽  
H. Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea Sediments

Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants, which can be transferred to a long distance and tend to accumulation in marine sediment. However, PAHs distribution and natural bioattenuation is less known in open sea, especially in the Arctic Ocean. In this report, sediment samples were collected at four sites from the Chukchi Plateau to Makarov Basin in the summer of 2010. PAH composition and total concentrations were examined with GC-MS, we found that the concentrations of 16 EPA-priority PAHs varied from 2.0 to 41.6 ng g−1 dry weight in total and decreased with sediment depths and as well as from the southern to northern sites. Among the targeted PAHs, phenanthrene was relatively abundant in all sediments. To learn the diversity of bacteria involved in PAHs degradation in situ, the 16S rRNA gene of the total environmental DNA was analyzed with Illumina high throughput sequencing (IHTS). In all the sediments, occurred the potential degraders including Cycloclasticus, Pseudomonas, Halomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Marinomonas, Bacillus, Dietzia, Colwellia, Acinetobacter, Alcanivorax, Salinisphaera and Shewanella, with Dietzia as the most abundant. Meanwhile on board, enrichment with PAHs was initiated and repeated transfer in laboratory to obtain the degrading consortia. Most above mentioned bacteria in addition to Hahella, Oleispira, Oceanobacter and Hyphomonas, occurred alternately as a predominant member in enrichment cultures from different sediments, as revealed with IHTS and PCR-DGGE. To reconfirm their role in PAH degradation, 40 different bacteria were isolated and characterized, among which Cycloclasticus and Pseudomonas showed the best degradation capability under low temperature. Taken together, PAHs and PAH-degrading bacteria were widespread in the deep-sea sediments of the Arctic Ocean. We propose that bacteria of Cycloclasticus, Pseudomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Halomonas, Marinomonas and Dietzia may play the most important role in PAHs mineralization in situ.

scholarly journals Distribution of PAHs and the PAH-degrading bacteria in the deep-sea sediments of the high-latitude Arctic Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2163-2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dong ◽  
X. Bai ◽  
H. Sheng ◽  
L. Jiao ◽  
H. Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Pah Degradation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea Sediments

Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common organic pollutants that can be transferred long distances and tend to accumulate in marine sediments. However, less is known regarding the distribution of PAHs and their natural bioattenuation in the open sea, especially the Arctic Ocean. In this report, sediment samples were collected at four sites from the Chukchi Plateau to the Makarov Basin in the summer of 2010. PAH compositions and total concentrations were examined with GC-MS. The concentrations of 16 EPA-priority PAHs varied from 2.0 to 41.6 ng g−1 dry weight and decreased with sediment depth and movement from the southern to the northern sites. Among the targeted PAHs, phenanthrene was relatively abundant in all sediments. The 16S rRNA gene of the total environmental DNA was analyzed with Illumina high-throughput sequencing (IHTS) to determine the diversity of bacteria involved in PAH degradation in situ. The potential degraders including Cycloclasticus, Pseudomonas, Halomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Marinomonas, Bacillus, Dietzia, Colwellia, Acinetobacter, Alcanivorax, Salinisphaera and Shewanella, with Dietzia as the most abundant, occurred in all sediment samples. Meanwhile, enrichment with PAHs was initiated onboard and transferred to the laboratory for further enrichment and to obtain the degrading consortia. Most of the abovementioned bacteria in addition to Hahella, Oleispira, Oceanobacter and Hyphomonas occurred alternately as predominant members in the enrichment cultures from different sediments based on IHTS and PCR-DGGE analysis. To reconfirm their role in PAH degradation, 40 different bacteria were isolated and characterized, among which Cycloclasticus Pseudomonas showed the best degradation capability under low temperatures. Taken together, PAHs and PAH-degrading bacteria were widespread in the deep-sea sediments of the Arctic Ocean. We propose that bacteria of Cycloclasticus, Pseudomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Halomonas, Marinomonas and Dietzia may play the most important role in PAH mineralization in situ.

scholarly journals Echinoderes pterus sp. n. showing a geographically and bathymetrically wide distribution pattern on seamounts and on the deep-sea floor in the Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea (Kinorhyncha, Cyclorhagida)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 771 ◽  
pp. 15-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yamasaki ◽  
Katarzyna Grzelak ◽  
Martin V. Sørensen ◽  
Birger Neuhaus ◽  
Kai Horst George
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Mediterranean

Kinorhynchs rarely show a wide distribution pattern, due to their putatively low dispersal capabilities and/or limited sampling efforts. In this study, a new kinorhynch species is described,Echinoderespterussp. n., which shows a geographically and bathymetrically wide distribution, occurring on the Karasik Seamount and off the Svalbard Islands (Arctic Ocean), on the Sedlo Seamount (northeast Atlantic Ocean), and on the deep-sea floor off Crete and on the Anaximenes Seamount (Mediterranean Sea), at a depth range of 675–4,403 m. The new species is characterized by a combination of middorsal acicular spines on segments 4–8, laterodorsal tubes on segment 10, lateroventral tubes on segment 5, lateroventral acicular spines on segments 6–9, tufts of long hairs rising from slits in a laterodorsal position on segment 9, truncated tergal extensions on segment 11, and the absence of any type-2 gland cell outlet. The specimens belonging to the populations from the Arctic Ocean, the Sedlo Seamount, and the Mediterranean Sea show morphological variation in the thickness and length of the spines as well as in the presence/absence of ventromedial sensory spots on segment 7. The different populations are regarded as belonging to a single species because of their overlapping variable characters.

BIOLOGICAL AND GEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE FIRST PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN DEEP-SEA FLOOR1

1960 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Hunkins ◽  
Maurice Ewing ◽  
Bruce C. Heezen ◽  
Robert J. Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Marinomonas profundimaris sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment sample of the Arctic Ocean

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuhua Bai ◽  
Qiliang Lai ◽  
Chunming Dong ◽  
Fuying Li ◽  
Zongze Shao
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sediment Sample ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Deep Sea Sediment ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

scholarly journals Benthic Oxygen Uptake in the Arctic Ocean Margins - A Case Study at the Deep-Sea Observatory HAUSGARTEN (Fram Strait)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0138339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile Cathalot ◽  
Christophe Rabouille ◽  
Eberhard Sauter ◽  
Ingo Schewe ◽  
Thomas Soltwedel
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

scholarly journals Endemicity and Community Composition of Marine Species along the NW Pacific and Adjacent Arctic Ocean

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Saeedi ◽  
Marianna Simoes ◽  
Angelika Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Philippine Sea ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

The Northwestern (NW) Pacific Ocean lies in one of the most productive, speciose, and diverse regions of the World Ocean, and includes several shallow-water oceanic islands and deep-sea basins of varying depth, hydrology, and degree of isolation. The adjacent Arctic Ocean areas include the northern Bering and southern Chukchi Seas of the Arctic Ocean with short food chains and shallow depths characterizing high productivity areas. Despite its magnitude and relevance, characterization of species diversity and community composition patterns in the NW Pacific Ocean remains poorly explored and largely unknown. Here we attempt to discover how geographic boundaries and depth shape current community assemblages and delimit species distribution ranges and richness using open access data. We also show how endemicity and community composition vary between tropical and temperate NW Pacific and the adjacent Arctic Ocean considering sampling bias. The Eastern Philippine Sea was the hotspot of species richness in the NW Pacific and its adjacent Arctic Ocean even when accounting for sampling bias. The lowest species richness was observed in Papau. Despite high species richness in the Eastern Philippine Sea, the Yellow Sea and Gulf of Tonkin had the highest endemicity rates (ca. 60%) among all other ecoregions. Endemicity ranged 20–40% across 19 ecoregions. Chordata, Arthropoda, and Mollusca contributed more than 50% to the total community composition in the NW Pacific where as Arthropoda, Annelida, and Mollusca were the dominant taxa shaping ca. 82% of the Arctic Ocean community. Pelagic species richness was higher than the benthic one in both shallow-water and deep-sea regions of the NW Pacific Ocean. However, in the shallow and deep Arctic Ocean, most of the taxa were benthic excluding the deep Kara Sea where pelagic deep-sea species dominated the whole community. Two significantly distinctive clusters (North and South clusters) were classified based on species richness similarity analysis in this area including ecoregions of the (1) Arctic Ocean and North NW Pacific, and (2) Mid to South NW Pacific.

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