THE DEVELOPMENT OF DERMAL BONES IN THE SKULL OF AMIA CALVA

1940 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
TORSTEN PEHRSON
Keyword(s):  
Amia Calva ◽  
Dermal Bones

Additional Dermal Ossifications in the Anuran Skull: Morphological Novelties or Archaic Elements?

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
The State ◽  
Cranial Morphology ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Bombina Orientalis ◽  
Common Event ◽  
Rostral Portion ◽  
Morphological Novelties ◽  
Dermal Bones

Examination of the cranial morphology in Bombina orientalis (Anura: Discoglossidae) revealed the occurrence of additional dermal bones lying: a) between the nasals and frontoparietals, b) between frontoparietals, and c) on the tectum synoticum behind the frontoparietals. The presence of similar bones as well as extra ossifications lying in the midline in the rostral portion of skull was shown to be a rather common event among anurans. Based on the occurrence of bones with similar topology in crossopterygians and different stegocephalians, it was concluded that extra ossifications sporadically appearing in anurans are more likely to be ancient cranial elements than neomorphs. Additional dermal bones found in the anterior portion of the anuran skull are homologous to the postrostrals of crossopterygians; extra ossifications lying between the frontoparietals correspond to the bones with similar topology sporadically appearing in crossopterygians and stegocephalians; and extra bones situated behind the frontoparietals are homologous to the lateral extrascapulars (postparietals of stegocephalians) and the median extrascapular of crossopterygians. These extra bones were proposed to be inherited from the presumed common ancestor of all Gnathostomes and retained in anurans in the state of latent capacities. The sporadic appearance of these bones in anurans results from the phenotypical realization of these latent capacities.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF FRESHWATER FISHES IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES

Genetics ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-965
Author(s):  
Eldredge Bermingham ◽  
John C Avise
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amia Calva ◽  
River Drainages ◽  
Distributional Limits

ABSTRACT Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were used to reconstruct evolutionary relationships of conspecific populations in four species of freshwater fish—Amia calva, Lepomis punctatus, L. gulosus, and L. microlophus. A suite of 14-17 endonucleases was employed to assay mtDNAs from 305 specimens collected from 14 river drainages extending from South Carolina to Louisiana. Extensive mtDNA polymorphism was observed within each assayed species. In both phenograms and Wagner parsimony networks, mtDNA clones that were closely related genetically were usually geographically contiguous. Within each species, major mtDNA phylogenetic breaks also distinguished populations from separate geographic regions, demonstrating that dispersal and gene flow have not been sufficient to override geographic influences on population subdivision.—Importantly, there were strong patterns of congruence across species in the geographic placements of the mtDNA phylogenetic breaks. Three major boundary regions were characterized by concentrations of phylogenetic discontinuities, and these zones agree well with previously described zoogeographic boundaries identified by a different kind of data base—distributional limits of species—suggesting that a common set of historical factors may account for both phenomena. Repeated episodes of eustatic sea level change along a relatively static continental morphology are the likely causes of several patterns of drainage isolation and coalescence, and these are discussed in relation to the genetic data.—Overall, results exemplify the positive role that intraspecific genetic analyses may play in historical zoogeographic reconstruction. They also point out the potential inadequacies of any interpretations of population genetic structure that fail to consider the influences of history in shaping that structure.

Illustration of a Bowfin Amia calva

Fisheries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-52
Author(s):  
Peter Turcik
Keyword(s):  
Amia Calva

Tooth replacement in the bowfin (Amia calva ? Holostei)

1973 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Miller ◽  
Carolyn J. P. Radnor
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Replacement ◽  
Amia Calva

scholarly journals Development of the turtle plastron, the order-defining skeletal structure

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (19) ◽  
pp. 5317-5322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritva Rice ◽  
Aki Kallonen ◽  
Judith Cebra-Thomas ◽  
Scott F. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Trachemys Scripta ◽  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
Know How ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Dermal Bones

The dorsal and ventral aspects of the turtle shell, the carapace and the plastron, are developmentally different entities. The carapace contains axial endochondral skeletal elements and exoskeletal dermal bones. The exoskeletal plastron is found in all extant and extinct species of crown turtles found to date and is synaptomorphic of the order Testudines. However, paleontological reconstructed transition forms lack a fully developed carapace and show a progression of bony elements ancestral to the plastron. To understand the evolutionary development of the plastron, it is essential to know how it has formed. Here we studied the molecular development and patterning of plastron bones in a cryptodire turtleTrachemys scripta. We show that plastron development begins at developmental stage 15 when osteochondrogenic mesenchyme forms condensates for each plastron bone at the lateral edges of the ventral mesenchyme. These condensations commit to an osteogenic identity and suppress chondrogenesis. Their development overlaps with that of sternal cartilage development in chicks and mice. Thus, we suggest that in turtles, the sternal morphogenesis is prevented in the ventral mesenchyme by the concomitant induction of osteogenesis and the suppression of chondrogenesis. The osteogenic subroutines later direct the growth and patterning of plastron bones in an autonomous manner. The initiation of plastron bone development coincides with that of carapacial ridge formation, suggesting that the development of dorsal and ventral shells are coordinated from the start and that adopting an osteogenesis-inducing and chondrogenesis-suppressing cell fate in the ventral mesenchyme has permitted turtles to develop their order-specific ventral morphology.

scholarly journals Actinopterygians of The Permian Locality Buxières-Les-Mines (Bourbonl’archambault Basin, France) and Their Relationship to Other Early Actinopterygians

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 245-291
Author(s):  
Stanislav Štamberg
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
The Third ◽  
Skull Roof ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Village ◽  
Dermal Bones

Actinopterygians from the large opencast coal mine in the vicinity of the village of Buxières-les-Mines (Bourbonl’Archambault Basin, Allier, France) are revisited and redescribed based on newly studied specimens. The understanding of the anatomy of Progyrolepis heyleri POPLIN, 1999, originally described by Poplin (1999) on the basis of the upper and lower jaws only, is greatly enhanced and is relatively complete. The anatomy of the palatoquadrate, dermal bones of the skull roof, hyoid arch, operculum, suboperculum, shoulder girdle, cheek bones and branchiostegal rays is described. In addition, new observations have been made on changes in the shape of the maxilla during ontogenesis and microstructure of the teeth. Details of Progyrolepis heyleri scales, including their microstructure and morphology of the ridge scales are provided. The collection of whole individuals, body fragments and numerous isolated bones provide confirmation of the presence of Aeduella blainvillei which is the main component of the actinopterygian fauna in Buxières-les-Mines. Additional new knowledge was obtained regarding the great variability in bones of the opercular apparatus and maxilla, presence of the supraorbital, branchiostegal ray with a conspicuous hyoid process and the direction of mutual overlapping of the suboperculum and branchiostegal ray in Aeduella blainvillei (AGASSIZ, 1833). Microsculpture on the scales is redescribed in this species. Paramblypterus cf. duvernoy is the third member of the actinopterygians in the locality Buxières-les-Mines. Fragments of Paramblypterus are very rare and the bones of the skull roof are presented here. Anatomical features of Progyrolepis heyleri, Aeduella blainvillei and Paramblypterus cf. duvernoy were studied and compared with those of other Devonian and Permo-Carboniferous actinopterygians.

Air-breathing during activity in the fishes amia calva and lepisosteus oculatus

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (7) ◽  
pp. 943-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
C G Farmer ◽  
D C Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Spotted Gar ◽  
Water Oxygen ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Amia Calva ◽  
Lepisosteus Oculatus ◽  
Air Hole

Many osteichthyan fishes obtain oxygen from both air, using a lung, and water, using gills. Although it is commonly thought that fishes air-breathe to survive hypoxic aquatic habitats, other reasons may be more important in many species. This study was undertaken to determine the significance of air-breathing in two fish species while exercising in oxygen-rich water. Oxygen consumption from air and water was measured during mild activity in bowfin (Amia calva) and spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) by sealing a fish in an acrylic flume that contained an air-hole. At 19-23 degreesC, the rate of oxygen consumption from air in both species was modest at rest. During low-level exercise, more than 50 % of the oxygen consumed by both species was from the air (53.0+/-22.9 % L. oculatus; 66.4+/-8.3 % A. calva). <P>

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