scholarly journals The Use of Comaps to Explore the Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Fire Incidents: A Case Study in South Wales, United Kingdom∗

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Corcoran ◽  
Gary Higgs ◽  
Chris Brunsdon ◽  
Andrew Ware
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics

scholarly journals Using social media to quantify spatial and temporal dynamics of nature-based recreational activities

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Mancini ◽  
George M. Coghill ◽  
David Lusseau
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Recent National Survey ◽  
Visitor Numbers

AbstractBig data offer a great opportunity for nature-based recreation (NbR) mapping and evaluation. However, it is important to determine when and how it is appropriate to use this resource. We used Scotland as a case study to validate the use of data from Flickr as an indicator of NbR on a national scale and at several regional spatial and temporal resolutions. We compared Flickr photographs to visitor statistics in the Cairngorms National Park (CNP) and determined whether temporal variability in photo counts could be explained by known annual estimates of CNP visitor numbers. We then used a unique recent national survey of nature recreation in Scotland to determine whether the spatial distribution of Flickr photos could be explained by known spatial variability in nature use. Following this validation work, we used Flickr data to identify hotspots of wildlife watching in Scotland and investigated how they changed between 2005 and 2015.We found that spatial and temporal patterns in Flickr count are explained by measures of visitation obtained through surveys and that this relationship is reliable down to a 10 Km scale resolution. Our findings have implications for planning and management of NbR as they suggest that photographs uploaded on Flickr reflect patterns of NbR at spatial and temporal scales that are relevant for ecosystem management.

scholarly journals Understanding Mosquito Surveillance Data for Analytic Efforts: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi E Brown ◽  
Luigi Sedda ◽  
Chris Sumner ◽  
Elene Stefanakos ◽  
Irene Ruberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
National Level ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Mosquito Surveillance ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Prediction And Forecasting

Abstract Mosquito surveillance data can be used for predicting mosquito distribution and dynamics as they relate to human disease. Often these data are collected by independent agencies and aggregated to state and national level portals to characterize broad spatial and temporal dynamics. These larger repositories may also share the data for use in mosquito and/or disease prediction and forecasting models. Assumed, but not always confirmed, is consistency of data across agencies. Subtle differences in reporting may be important for development and the eventual interpretation of predictive models. Using mosquito vector surveillance data from Arizona as a case study, we found differences among agencies in how trapping practices were reported. Inconsistencies in reporting may interfere with quantitative comparisons if the user has only cursory familiarity with mosquito surveillance data. Some inconsistencies can be overcome if they are explicit in the metadata while others may yield biased estimates if they are not changed in how data are recorded. Sharing of metadata and collaboration between modelers and vector control agencies is necessary for improving the quality of the estimations. Efforts to improve sharing, displaying, and comparing vector data from multiple agencies are underway, but existing data must be used with caution.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Volunteer Data Contribution Activities: A Case Study of eBird

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Guiming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Volunteered Geographic Information ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
The World

Volunteered geographic information (VGI) has great potential to reveal spatial and temporal dynamics of geographic phenomena. However, a variety of potential biases in VGI are recognized, many of which root from volunteer data contribution activities. Examining patterns in volunteer data contribution activities helps understand the biases. Using eBird as a case study, this study investigates spatial and temporal patterns in data contribution activities of eBird contributors. eBird sampling efforts are biased in space and time. Most sampling efforts are concentrated in areas of denser populations and/or better accessibility, with the most intensively sampled areas being in proximity to big cities in developed regions of the world. Reported bird species are also spatially biased towards areas where more sampling efforts occur. Temporally, eBird sampling efforts and reported bird species are increasing over the years, with significant monthly fluctuations and notably more data reported on weekends. Such trends are driven by the expansion of eBird and characteristics of bird species and observers. The fitness of use of VGI should be assessed in the context of applications by examining spatial, temporal and other biases. Action may need to be taken to account for the biases so that robust inferences can be made from VGI observations.

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