In a Comment published in the Autumn 2000 issue of this
journal, Mr Ghulam Soomro1 takes issue with our recent article in
Population and Development Review.2 Although Mr Soomro is highly
critical of our article, we are pleased that he has read the article
carefully and made the effort to write an extended comment. We are not
prepared, however, to concede the major points in that Comment. Two
major points are made by him. First, that marital fertility decline is a
small component of the recent fertility decline in Pakistan, which has
been mainly due to postponement of entry to first marriage. Second, that
the underlying motivation for fertility change in the 1990s has been
economic distress, a consequence in part of the structural adjustment
programmes instituted in the late 1980s. However, in the first point,
Soomro interprets the demographic data from the past three decades
incorrectly and, in the second point, he misrepresents our
argument.