scholarly journals The Vh8 locus of a new gene-for-gene interaction between Venturia inaequalis and the wild apple Malus sieversii is closely linked to the Vh2 locus in Malus pumila R12740-7A

2005 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 1035-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent G. M. Bus ◽  
François N. D. Laurens ◽  
W. Eric Van De Weg ◽  
Rachel L. Rusholme ◽  
Erik H. A. Rikkerink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Malus Pumila ◽  
Malus Sieversii ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Gene For Gene

scholarly journals Evolution of views on plant immunity: from Flor’s “gene-for-gene” theory to the “zig-zag model” developed by Jones and Dangl

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-438
Author(s):  
T. N. Shafikova ◽  
Yu. V. Omelichkina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Immune Memory ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Pathogen Effector ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Gene For Gene

The study of plant defence mechanisms in response to pathogens in the mid-20th century resulted in Harold Flor’s gene-for-gene interaction hypothesis, which became recognised as central to the study of phytoimmunity. According to this theory, the outcome of interactions in plant – pathogen phytopathosystems – i.e. compatibility or incompatibility – is controlled genetically in interacting organisms and determined by the presence of specific genes in both pathogen and plant: resistance genes in the plant and avirulence genes in pathogen. The latest achievements in phytoimmunology, obtained with the help of modern molecular biology and bioinformatics methods, have made a significant contribution to the classical understanding of plant immunity and provided grounds for a modern concept of phytoimmunity consisting in the “zig-zag model” developed by Jonathan Jones and Jefferey Dangl. Plant immunity is currently understood as being determined by an innate multi-layer immune system involving various structures and mechanisms of specific and non-specific immunity. Recognition by plant membrane receptors of conservative molecular patterns associated with microorganisms, as well as molecules produced during cell wall disruption by pathogen hydrolytic enzymes forms a basic non-specific immune response in the plant. Detection of pathogen effector molecules by plant intra-cellular receptors triggers a specific effector-triggered immunity, resulting in the development of the hypersensitive response, systemic resistance and immune memory of the plant. Virulence factors and pathogen attack strategies on the one hand, and mechanisms of plant immune protection on the other, are the result of one form of constant co-evolution, often termed an “evolutionary arms race”. This paper discusses the main principles of Flor's classical “gene-for-gene interaction” theory as well as the molecular-genetic processes of plant innate immunity, their mechanisms and participants in light of contemporary achievements in phytoimmunology.

Venturia inaequalis. [Distribution map].

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Malus Pumila ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Wint. Hosts: on Apple (Malus pumila). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Malagasy Republic, Morocco, Rhodesia, South Africa, Zaire, ASIA, Afghanistan, China, India (Kashmir), Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea, Lebanon, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, USSR (Central Asia), (Kazakhstan), (Far E.), AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia, New Zealand, EUROPE, Austria, Belgium, Britain & Northern Ireland (Jersey), Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark (Faeroes), Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, USSR (General), Yugoslavia, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, USA (incl. Alaska), Mexico, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Guatemala, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Chile, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay.

Venturia inaequalis. [Distribution map].

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
New South ◽  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Far East ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Malus Pumila ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Wint. Hosts: Apple (Malus pumila). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Morocco, South Africa, Zaire, Zimbabwe, Asia, Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Indonesia, Java, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea, Lebanon, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Turkey, USSR, Central Asia, Kazakhstan, Far East, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Vict, Tasmania, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Britain & Northern Ireland, Jersey, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, Mexico, USA, Central America & West Indies, Guatemala, Panama, Salvador, South America, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay.

Chromosome landing near avirulence gene vH13 in the Hessian fly

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Dean Rider, Jr. ◽  
Weilin Sun ◽  
Roger H Ratcliffe ◽  
Jeffrey J Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Hessian Fly ◽  
Mayetiola Destructor ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Avirulence Genes ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Triticum Spp ◽  
Gene For Gene

AFLP markers in linkage disequilibrium with vH13, an avirulence gene in the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) that conditions avirulence to resistance gene H13 in wheat (Triticum spp.), were discovered by bulked segregant analysis. Five AFLPs were converted into codominant site-specific markers that genetically mapped within 13 cM of this gene. Flanking markers used as probes positioned vH13 near the telomere of the short arm of Hessian fly chromosome X2. These results suggest that the X-linked avirulence genes vH6, vH9, and vH13 are present on Hessian fly chromosome X2 rather than on chromosome X1 as reported previously. Genetic complementation demonstrated that recessive alleles of vH13 were responsible for the H13-virulence observed in populations derived from four different states in the U.S.A.: Georgia, Maryland, Virginia, and Washington. Results support the hypothesis that a gene-for-gene interaction exists between wheat and Hessian fly.Key words: bulked segregant analysis, gene-for-gene interaction, wheat, Triticum, Mayetiola destructor.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis and Identification of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Markers Linked to the alm1 Avirulence Gene of Leptosphaeria maculans

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 1068-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patchara Pongam ◽  
Thomas C. Osborn ◽  
Paul H. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Gene For Gene

A gene-for-gene interaction was previously suggested by mapping of a single major locus (LEM 1) controlling cotyledon resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans isolate PHW1245 in Brassica napus cv. Major. In this study, we obtained further evidence of a gene-for-gene interaction by studying the inheritance of the corresponding avirulence gene in L. maculans isolate PHW1245. The analysis of segregating F1 progenies and 14 test crosses suggested that a single major gene is involved in the interaction. This putative avirulence gene was designated alm1 after the resistance locus identified in B. napus. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to generate a rudimentary genetic linkage map of the L. maculans genome and to locate markers linked to the putative avirulence locus. Two flanking AFLP markers, AC/TCC-1 and AC/CAG-5, were linked to alm1 at 3.1 and 8.1 cM, respectively. Identification of markers linked to the avirulence gene indicated that the differential interaction is controlled by a single gene difference between parental isolates and provides further support for the gene-for-gene relationship in the Leptosphaeria-Brassica system.

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