Long-term memory impairment in patients with focal epilepsy

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rosuvastatin treatment on memory impairment, and anxiogenic-like effects in mice chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii. For this, Balb/c mice were infected orally with chronic ME-49 strain of Toxoplasma gondii. Oral treatment with rosuvastatin (40mg/kg/day) started on the 51st day post-infection and was performed daily for 21 days. After completion of treatment, anxiety-like effects and locomotion were investigated in the open field (OF) test, whereas novel object recognition (NOR) test was used for evaluation of short- and long-term memory. At the end of the experiments, the brain was collected for Toxoplasma gondii DNA quantification and histopathological analysis. Infection with ME-49 strain decreased the time spent in the center of OF, indicating an anxiogenic effect, without affecting total and peripheral locomotion. Rosuvastatin treatment inhibited the change in the center time. Besides, pharmacological treatment increased total and central locomotion in both non-infected and infected animals. Infection also impaired both short- and long-term memory in the NOR test, and these effects were reverted by rosuvastatin treatment. In addition to effects in behavioral changes, rosuvastatin also reduced parasite load in the brain and attenuated signs of brain inflammation such as perivascular cuffs, inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue damage. These findings indicate for the first time the efficacy of rosuvastatin in treatment of memory impairment and anxiogenic effect evoked by infection with Toxoplasma gondii. These effects might be mediated by reduced cyst load, which in turn decrease inflammation and damage in the brain.

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Inhibiting Glutamate Activity during Consolidation Suppresses Age-Related Long-Term Memory Impairment in Drosophila

iScience ◽

10.1016/j.isci.2019.04.014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 55-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Motomi Matsuno ◽

Junjiro Horiuchi ◽

Kyoko Ofusa ◽

Tomoko Masuda ◽

Minoru Saitoe

Keyword(s):

Memory Impairment ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Term Memory ◽

Age Related

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Inhibiting NADPH oxidase protects against long-term memory impairment induced by neonatal sevoflurane exposure in mice

British Journal of Anaesthesia ◽

10.1093/bja/aew064 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 117 (1) ◽

pp. 80-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Z. Sun ◽

M. Satomoto ◽

Y.U. Adachi ◽

H. Kinoshita ◽

K. Makita

Keyword(s):

Nadph Oxidase ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Term Memory

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The clinical implications of the long-term memory impairment of schizophrenia

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.312 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. S81

Author(s):

P. Boyer

Keyword(s):

Memory Impairment ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Term Memory

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Similar Profile and Magnitude of Cognitive Impairments in Focal and Generalized Epilepsy: A Pilot Study

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.746381 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Helena Gauffin ◽

Anne-Marie Landtblom ◽

Patrick Vigren ◽

Andreas Frick ◽

Maria Engström ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Focal Epilepsy ◽

Cognitive Impairments ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Term Memory ◽

Generalized Epilepsy

Introduction: Cognitive impairments in epilepsy are not well-understood. In addition, long-term emotional, interpersonal, and social consequences of the underlying disturbances are important to evaluate.Purpose: To compare cognitive function including language in young adults with focal or generalized epilepsy. In addition, quality of life and self-esteem were investigated.Patients and Methods: Young adults with no primary intellectual disability, 17 with focal epilepsy and 11 with generalized epilepsy participated and were compared to 28 healthy controls. Groups were matched on age (mean = 26 years), sex, and education. Participants were administered a battery of neuropsychological tasks and carried out self-ratings of quality of life, self-esteem, and psychological problems.Results: Similar impairments regarding cognitive function were noted in focal and generalized epilepsy. The cognitive domains tested were episodic long-term memory, executive functions, attention, working memory, visuospatial functions, and language. Both epilepsy groups had lower results compared to controls (effect sizes 0.24–1.07). The total number of convulsive seizures was predictive of episodic long-term memory function. Participants with focal epilepsy reported lower quality of life than participants with generalized epilepsy. Lowered self-esteem values were seen in both epilepsy groups and particularly in those with focal epilepsy. Along with measures of cognitive speed and depression, the total number of seizures explained more than 50% of variation in quality of life.Conclusion: Interestingly, similarities rather than differences characterized the widespread cognitive deficits that were seen in focal and generalized epilepsy, ranging from mild to moderate. These similarities were modified by quality of life and self-esteem. This study confirms the notion that epilepsy is a network disorder.

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P2-309: Long-Term Memory Functioning in Age-Associated Memory Impairment and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.1439 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. P755-P755

Author(s):

Rebecca Crean ◽

Gary Kay ◽

Donald Connor ◽

Jamie Reiter ◽

Joseph Djan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Term Memory ◽

Memory Functioning

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Disturbed Sleep Is Associated with Increased Amyloid-Beta and Long-Term Memory Impairment, Study Suggests

Neurology Today ◽

10.1097/01.nt.0000469534.31353.60 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (13) ◽

pp. 22-23

Author(s):

Kurt Samson

Keyword(s):

Amyloid Beta ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Term Memory ◽

Disturbed Sleep

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Paclitaxel Chemotherapy Induces Long-Term Memory Impairment and Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer Survivorship

10.21203/rs.3.rs-783452/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ni-Chun Chung ◽

Aeson Chang ◽

Ryan Gillis ◽

Erica Sloan ◽

Adam K Walker

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Cancer Surgery ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Cumulative Impact ◽

Term Memory ◽

Maze Test ◽

Y Maze ◽

The Brain

Abstract BackgroundCancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) has been reported in cancer survivors 20 years or more after cancer treatment, and has been associated with sustained increases in circulating inflammatory biomarkers. One of the major risk factors for CRCI is chemotherapy, and preclinical studies typically examine the impact of chemotherapy in cancer naïve mice to evaluate potential mechanisms However, clinical evaluation of the long-term effects of chemotherapy cannot avoid the potential cumulative impact of preceding factors on the brain including the cancer itself and cancer surgery. MethodsTo evaluate the cumulative impact of cancer-related factors on cognitive impairment and hippocampal cytokine expression, we evaluated the effect of paclitaxel chemotherapy vs. placebo on a background of 67NR mammary carcinoma and surgical resection of the primary tumour in mice. Memory was assessed using the Y maze test and novel object/novel place recognition test. Changes in hippocampal pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, microglia and neuron markers were assessed using qRT-PCR. Results Cancer and cancer surgery was sufficient to induce long-term memory impairment and sustained increases in hippocampal pro-inflammatory cytokines. Paclitaxel prolonged spatial memory impairment in the Y maze test and exacerbated hippocampal Il6 and Tnfa mRNA expression compared with placebo treatment. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that cancer and cancer surgery can sensitise the brain to an exaggerated neuroinflammatory response to chemotherapy, and may contribute to sustained chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment observed in cancer survivors.

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