scholarly journals Parental Job Loss and Children's Educational Attainment in Black and White Middle-Class Families*

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Kalil ◽  
Patrick Wightman
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Middle Class Families

scholarly journals A Critical Review of Bilingual Education in the United States: From Basements and Pride to Boutiques and Profit

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 14-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Flores ◽  
Ofelia García
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Immersion Programs ◽  
Middle Class Families

ABSTRACTIn this article we connect the institutionalization of bilingual education to a post–Civil Rights racial formation that located the root of educational inequalities in the psychological condition of people of color in ways that obscured the structural barriers confronting communities of color. Within this context, bilingual education was institutionalized with the goal of instilling cultural pride in Latinx students in ways that would remediate their perceived linguistic deficiencies. This left bilingual educators struggling to develop affirmative spaces for Latinx children within a context where these students continued to be devalued by the broader school and societal context. More recent years have witnessed the dismantling of these affirmative spaces and their replacement with two-way immersion programs that seek to cater to White middle-class families. While these programs have offered new spaces for the affirmation of the bilingualism of Latinx children, they do little to address the power hierarchies between the low-income Latinx communities and White middle-class communities that are being served by these programs. We end with a call to situate struggles for bilingual education within broader efforts to combat the racialization of Latinx and other minoritized communities.

A Different Kind of Welfare State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie M. Fousekis
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Black Mothers ◽  
Welfare Rights ◽  
Black And White ◽  
National Organization For Women ◽  
Welfare Rights Movement ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Women's Equality

This chapter looks at the new voices that began speaking for child care, both in California and across the nation: black mothers in the welfare rights movement and white middle-class women in the feminist movement. While black and white poor mothers organized in CPACC and around welfare rights, a more visible women's movement developed among predominantly the white middle class. In 1966, the National Organization for Women (NOW) emerged out of frustration over the government's unwillingness to enforce Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, which made discrimination by sex as well as by race illegal. With seasoned women's rights, labor feminists, and a few black women at its helm, NOW quickly moved to the forefront of the struggle for women's equality.

Race vs Class in Teachers' Expectations

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry L Miller
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The University ◽  
Middle Class Families

A study from the University of Florida showed that race of student did not affect teachers' estimates of his achievement. In an extension and replication, the present sudy indicates that social class did influence 118 teachers' expectations, based on 1-paragraph descriptions, for black and white boys of working and middle-class families.

The effectiveness of a foreign language immersion program for children from different ethnic and social class backgrounds: Report 2

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi E. Holobow ◽  
Fred Genesee ◽  
Wallace E. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
White Students ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
French Immersion ◽  
Immersion Program ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Language Tests ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
And Mathematics

ABSTRACTThis report presents the results of the second year of a 4-year longitudinal evaluation of a partial French immersion program in Cincinnati, Ohio. This program is of particular interest because it includes children from lower socioeconomic group and ethnic minority group (black) backgrounds in addition to majority group (white), middle-class students who have been the subject of virtually all evaluations of immersion to date. The native language development (English), academic achievement (math), and second language attainment (French) of pilot groups of middle- and working-class students and of black and white students who were in grade 1, as well as those of a follow-up cohort of kindergarten students, were assessed. The results showed that performance differences in English and mathematics between subgroups of students did not depend on the program of instruction they were receiving. Moreover, it was found that the working-class and black students scored as well as the middle-class and white students on the French language tests. The results are discussed further in terms of the immersion students’ level of proficiency in French.

Coalition as a counterpoint to the intersectional critique of The Second Sex

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
White Male ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Economic Injustice

The analogy Simone de Beauvoir draws between “les femmes” and “des Noirs d’Amérique” is a key part of the intersectional critique of The Second Sex. Intersectional critics persuasively argue that Beauvoir’s analogy reveals the white, middle-class identity of The Second Sex's ostensibly universal “woman”, emphasizing the fact that the text does not account for the experiences of black, Jewish, proletariat or indigenous women. In this essay, I point to multiple instances in The Second Sex in which Beauvoir endorses a coalition between workers black and white, male and female. When Beauvoir writes on economic injustice, she advocates for an inclusive workers party where racial and sexual differences become immaterial as workers come together in a collective struggle. I thus propose that Beauvoir’s Marxism is an overlooked, yet important, counterpoint to the intersectional critique of The Second Sex.

Engaging Social Justice Methods to Create Palliative Care Programs That Reflect the Cultural Values of African American Patients with Serious Illness and Their Families: A Path Towards Health Equity

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-230
Author(s):  
Ronit Elk ◽  
Shena Gazaway
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
African American ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Healing Power

AbstractCultural values influence how people understand illness and dying, and impact their responses to diagnosis and treatment, yet end-of-life care is rooted in white, middle class values. Faith, hope, and belief in God’s healing power are central to most African Americans, yet life-preserving care is considered “aggressive” by the healthcare system, and families are pressured to cease it.

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