Utilizing Bile Acid Carrier Mechanisms to Enhance Liver and Small Intestine Absorption

The transport of taurocholic and glycocholic acids by the small intestine of rats and guinea pigs against a concentration gradient was studied by the everted gutsac technique. Transport of these substances is limited to the distal ileal segment. This transport is inhibited by anoxia, dinitrophenol and sodium azide. The system has a transport maximum. On the basis of these criteria bile acid reabsorption is considered to occur by active transport.

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Differential intestinal deconjugation of taurine and glycine bile acid N-acyl amidates in rats

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1992.262.2.g351 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 262 (2) ◽

pp. G351-G358

Author(s):

R. Zhang ◽

S. Barnes ◽

R. B. Diasio

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Bile Acid ◽

Chenodeoxycholic Acid ◽

High Performance ◽

Biliary Fistula ◽

The Difference ◽

The Stability ◽

Rat Bile

Mechanisms responsible for the difference in the relative amounts of taurine- and glycine-conjugated bile acid N-acyl amidates (Tau/Gly ratio) are not fully understood. In the present study, the stability of taurine- and glycine-conjugated bile acid N-acyl amidates during intestinal transit and absorption was examined to investigate the contribution of intestinal deconjugation to the Tau/Gly ratio in rat bile. Radiolabeled chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC) and its N-acyl amidates with glycine (CDC-Gly) or taurine (CDC-Tau) were introduced into the lumen of the upper small intestine in the biliary fistula rats, and radioactive metabolites in bile, blood, urine, and tissues were identified and quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results indicated that 1) extensive deconjugation of CDC-Gly occurs during intestinal absorption; 2) CDC-Tau is recovered in bile largely intact; and 3) newly synthesized CDC-Tau and CDC-Gly are formed in a ratio of less than 2:1 after administration of [14C]-CDC. In summary, the present study demonstrates that resistance of taurine-conjugated bile acid N-acyl amidates to hydrolysis in the intestine, rather than a difference in synthesis of taurine- and glycine-conjugated N-acyl amidates in liver, may account for the high Tau/Gly ratio in rat bile.

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Small Intestine, Absorption and Secretion

Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-812460-4.00650-9 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 477-481

Author(s):

Marshall H. Montrose

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Small Intestine Absorption

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Intestinal distribution of intrinsic factor and vitamin B12 absorption

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1965.208.1.14 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 208 (1) ◽

pp. 14-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kunio Okuda ◽

Katsumi Sasayama

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Intrinsic Factor ◽

Vitamin B ◽

Vitamin B12 Absorption ◽

Small Intestine Absorption

Evidence is presented that intrinsic-factor (IF) activity is present in the small intestine as far down as the ileal end. Physiologic doses of radioactive vitamin B12 without IF were applied directly into various levels of the intestine by surgical and other means in man and rats, and significant absorption was obtained from the small intestine. Absorption inhibition by ethylenediaminetetraacetate and its counteraction by Ca ion demonstrated that such absorption was dependent on IF action. The large intestine was shown to be incapable of physiologic absorption of vitamin B12, and IF was totally ineffective. It is proposed that physiologically, gastric IF descends with some activity in the small intestine, where more of the food vitamin B12 is liberated by digestion and subjected to IF.

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P081 Effect of bile acid on lymphocyte migration in the small intestine

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy222.205 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S125-S126

Author(s):

N Shibuya ◽

M Higashiyama ◽

S Nishii ◽

A Mizoguchi ◽

K Inaba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Bile Acid ◽

Lymphocyte Migration

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Effect of Bile Acids and Other Factors on Cholesterol Uptake by Inverted Intestinal Sacs

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1958.195.3.773 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 195 (3) ◽

pp. 773-778 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Archie L. Smith ◽

C. R. Treadwell

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Bile Acid ◽

Bile Acids ◽

Binding Sites ◽

Cellular Protein ◽

Rat Small Intestine ◽

Cholesterol Uptake ◽

Quantitative Studies ◽

Mucosal Cells ◽

Intestinal Mucosal Cells

Conditions for the use of inverted sacs of rat small intestine for quantitative studies of cholesterol uptake are described. The uptake of cholesterol by sacs did not require glucose in the incubation medium. Albumin aided cholesterol uptake but was not obligatory for this process. A binding of cholesterol to a cellular protein is proposed as the mechanism for the entrance of cholesterol into intestinal mucosal cells. Both conjugated and unconjugated bile acids inhibited cholesterol uptake possibly by blocking the binding sites of the protein responsible for cholesterol uptake. Commercial taurocholate and glycocholate contain an inhibitor of cholesterol uptake other than the bile acid.

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