Should Taxpayers Be Subsidized to Hire Third-Party Preparers? A Game-Theoretic Analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 553-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAHUM D. MELUMAD ◽  
MARK A. WOLFSON ◽  
AMIR ZIV
1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
HeeMin Kim

In this paper, I try to answer two important and unsettled questions in contemporary political economy: (1) Is economic growth through cooperation between capital and labor possible without third party enforcement?; and (2) What are the effects of strong labor power on obtaining cooperation and thus economic growth? I adopt a game-theoretic framework to address these questions in this paper. The theoretical findings suggest the following: (1) Under certain political, economic, and social conditions, capitalists will find it in their interest to invest at a maximum possible level and the labor will find it in their interest to claim as small a proportion of national output as possible. Under these circumstances, high level of investment, coupled with low worker claim over the national output, will create conditions favorable to economic growth; (2) In countries where political and economic conditions are such that workers feel pretty certain about their future, the strong labor can actually initiate economic growth by voluntarily lowering their claim over the national output. I show actual examples of class war, unstable class cooperation, and a sustained class cooperation in the last section of this paper.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Diamant ◽  
Shoham Baruch ◽  
Eias Kassem ◽  
Khitam Muhsen ◽  
Dov Samet ◽  
...  

AbstractThe overuse of antibiotics is exacerbating the antibiotic resistance crisis. Since this problem is a classic common-goods dilemma, it naturally lends itself to a game-theoretic analysis. Hence, we designed a model wherein physicians weigh whether antibiotics should be prescribed, given that antibiotic usage depletes its future effectiveness. The physicians’ decisions rely on the probability of a bacterial infection before definitive laboratory results are available. We show that the physicians’ equilibrium decision rule of antibiotic prescription is not socially optimal. However, we prove that discretizing the information provided to physicians can mitigate the gap between their equilibrium decisions and the social optimum of antibiotic prescription. Despite this problem’s complexity, the effectiveness of the discretization solely depends on the type of information available to the physician to determine the nature of infection. This is demonstrated on theoretic distributions and a clinical dataset. Our results provide a game-theory based guide for optimal output of current and future decision support systems of antibiotic prescription.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Pieter Balcaen ◽  
Cind Du Bois ◽  
Caroline Buts

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