The effect of supply channel structures on remanufacturing, pricing, and acquisition management

This paper developed an acquisition management problem in a Closed-Loop Supply chain (CLSC) network. This study determines optimal selling prices of brand-new and remanufactured products, wholesale prices, and acquisition prices in various distribution and collection channel structures. It shows that determining the best structure is highly affected by the model’s parameters, as well as the decision-makers’ objectives. Moreover, precious managerial insights from five different viewpoints have been provided for decision-makers in order to benefit considerably from various situations of remanufacturing and acquisition activities, as well as manufacturing and distribution activities. Simulation approach is employed for analyzing the proposed solutions in different conditions.

LOWER TRIASSIC VOLCANOGENIC FORMATIONS OF THE PRONCHISHCHEV RIDGE (NORTH OF CENTRAL SIBERIA)

The volcanogenic formations of the middle part of the Pronchishchev ridge are considered. Based on new data from the lithological, petrographic, geochemical studies of igneous and volcanogenic sedimentary rocks and stratigraphic studies of the Upper Permian-Lower Triassic terrigenous strata that enclose them, a model of their spatial relationship is proposed. It is shown that the dolerite body and the adjacent tuff breccia in the field of development of Upper Permian rocks as well as tuffite gravelites in the field of Lower Triassic rocks are a single complex of formations of different parts of the diatreme. The time of implantation of the diatreme is defined as the beginning of the Late Olenek. The wide development of vent facies dolerites in the diatreme may indicate the repeated activation of the supply channel.

Food System Resilience during COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Roman Solidarity Purchasing Groups

The restriction measures linked to the COVID-19 shock suddenly highlighted the vulnerability of most socioeconomic systems, including the food sector. In a context in which the limitation to the movement of people and goods has put the longer and more structured supply chains in serious difficulty, many experiences and initiatives have emerged as viable alternatives. The aim of the research was to understand if and how the Solidarity Purchasing Groups (SPG) of Rome have contributed to the resilience of the food system of the metropolitan city during the lockdown. The research was based on the results of a questionnaire administered to the SPGs of Rome during the first period of the pandemic (April–July 2020), enriched by some in-depth interviews carried out by the authors. What emerged was that, despite the limited extent in terms of products conveyed within the whole food system, the SPGs represented an important food supply channel during the lockdown period, for two main reasons: a greater flexibility and agility in moving and in handling goods and the possibility of remunerating local farms, contributing to the resilience of the local agri-food fabric. The analysis of the results confirms the strong vitality of such Food Movements in Rome and, at the same time, allows for the identification of a series of interventions that the institutions could adopt to favor the spread of a food environment more compatible with more sustainable and fairer forms of food production and distribution.

Results of the reinterpretation of materials of IV geotraverse of NHS (PK 295- 400) in the central part of the Holovanivsk suture zone

This work provides the reinterpretation results of the research outcomes with the DSS method on geotraverse IV on section PK 295-400 in order to clarify a seismic section in the Holovanivsk area of high gravity. A number of points of diffraction and seismic sites have been identified in Earth’s crust (at a depth of 2-60 km), which gives an opportunity to considerably specify the data on the deep structure of the studied area. The position in a section of the Talnivska fault zone is clarified due to the identification of additional points of diffraction and a large number of short reflective elements at a depth of 2-8 km. In the central part of the section (PK 338-355), horizontal and inclined elements (at the depths of 2-9 km and 24-44 km) and a series of short steeply inclined reflective elements (at depths of 8-26 km) form the area of the medium which at the depth of 2-44 km differs in its characteristics from the host rocks. This allowed tracing the listriс shear zone that stretches continuously from a depth of 8 km on PK 355 to 44 km on PK 304. All this, as well as available seismotomographic data, allows us to suppose that the Talnivska fault zone is traced up to depths of 100-600 km as a boundary between blocks with different Vp velocities and degrees and gaps in the Golitsyn—Geiko layer. The listriс shear zone is connected to the main part of the Talnivska fault zone near the surface. According to the given re-interpretation of GSS data on geotraverse IV, the supply channel of the intrusive body of hyperbasites is rather narrow at depths of 60-33 km, and starting only from depth of 30 km and almost to the surface the body expands up to 15 km in width. Focusing on the area of increased Vp velocities at a depth of 2-33 km, one can assume that the main intrusive body that consists of hyperbasites and basite-Dunites, peridotites, pyroxenites, gabbro, and amphibolites, the density of which exceeds the density of rocks by 0.1-0.22 g/cm3, is located at these depths along the axis of the central part of the Holovanivsk suture zone.

GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF TRANSFORMING A WATER MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE TO A TRANSPORTATION STRUCTURE

This paper analyzes the transformation of the culvert channel under the supply channel of the Gabcíkovo Waterworks into a road tunnel structure and the impact this had on the surrounding rock environment. It presents the engineering-geological conditions in the area, the current structuralmaterial characteristics of the culvert channel and its proposed transformation into a road tunnel. The results of the geotechnical analysis, realized through numeric modelling, are presented as a comparison of deformation changes in the rock environment with respect to changes in loading states corresponding with functional changes in the analyzed culvert.

Supply chain efficiency of Tomato in Kathmandu valley

Past studies kept attention on the supply side or value chain aspects of tomato but not kept attention to the supply chain efficiency. To measure supply-side efficiencies in tomato sub-sector, this survey research organized an interview schedule with the randomly selected eighty households in Kirtipur, Chandragiri, Changunarayan, and Godawori municipalities of Kathmandu valley during April to June 2018 with semi structured questionnaire. Study estimated NRs 8,26,144/ha as net profit of tomato grown under tunnel was nearly 44% higher compared to open field condition. Further five types of marketing channels prevailed for tomato market were; channel first (producer-retailer-consumer), channel second (producer-wholesaler-retailer-consumer), channel third (produce-cooperative-retailer-consumer), channel fourth (producer-collector-wholesaler-retailer-consumer) and channel fifth (producer-wholesaler-processor-wholesaler-retailer-consumer) but most dominant was the fourth one since 45% of the fresh tomato supplied through it especially to save time and avoid all possible drudgery in the market. The marketing margin per kilogram of tomato was the lowest (NRs.16.55) in the third channel and the highest (NRs. 39.2) in the fifth channel while the highest market efficiency was 1.27 for the third channel. The producer’s share was highest for the third channel (66.33%) and lowest for fifth channel (39.88%). followed by 1st channel (63.72%) and lowest in 5th channel (39.88%). In order to promote a coordinated and most efficient supply chain, the study suggested the most dominant, low marketing margin and highly efficient supply channel for tomato so that tomato producers would get a high share. Rather than a private one, either group marketing or cooperatives are suggested to involve in fresh tomato marketing.