scholarly journals Sympathetic modulation by antihypertensive drugs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Katsurada ◽  
Kazuomi Kario
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Sympathetic Modulation

Fixed combination in patients with arterial hypertension: focus on antihypertensive and nephroprotective properties of fixed combination of lisinopril and amlodipine (clinical example)

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Ebzeeva ◽  
O. D. Ostroumova ◽  
N. M. Doldo ◽  
E. E. Pavleeva
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Fixed Combination ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Secondary Damage ◽  
Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Modern Population

Arterial hypertension (AH) remains one of the most significant medical and social problems in the world, its prevalence among the adult population is 30–45%. Along with this, the modern population is characterized by a high incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), including due to their secondary damage in the framework of hypertension. In turn, CKD is an important independent risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, including fatal ones. The use of existing approaches to nephroprotection in the treatment of patients with hypertension will significantly improve the prognosis both in patients with risk factors for developing renal dysfunction and in patients with pre-existing kidney disease. According to current recommendations for hypertension in such clinical situations, therapy should begin with fixed combinations of antihypertensive drugs. The combination of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) and a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCВ) demonstrated the greatest effectiveness according to evidence-based medicine in patients with high-risk hypertension, including from the standpoint of nephroprotection. In the presented clinical case, the successful use of a fixed combination of ACE and CCВ in a patient with hypertension and microalbuminuria is described.

Influence of melatonin on blood pressure indicators with different severity of desynchronosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
M. G. Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Home Monitoring ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Pronounced Decrease ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pressure Indicators

Purpose. To study the dynamics of blood pressure (BP) indicators under the influence of exogenously administered melatonin (Melatonin-SZ, Severnaya Zvezda, Russia) with various manifestations of desynchronosis of circadian BP rhythms (arterial hypertension – AH, high normal blood pressure) to determine the scheme of their effective compensation. Material and methods. The study included 101 patients with desynchronosis of circadian rhythms of blood pressure – 52 patients with hypertension, constituting the first and second groups, and 49 individuals with high normal blood pressure, representing the third and fourth groups. Patients of the second and fourth groups received conservative therapy, patients of the first and third groups combined it with melatonin. All patients underwent measurements of office blood pressure, home monitoring of blood pressure (ABPM), electrocardiography, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Results and discussion. In patients of the first and third groups, compared with the traditional treatment groups, by the end of the observation period, a significantly (p < 0.05) decrease in office systolic blood pressure (SBP) / diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was established: in the first group compared with the second – 1.11 / 1.13 times, in the third group compared to the fourth – 1.43 / 1.58 times; significantly more (p < 0.05) pronounced decrease in SBP / DBP during DMAD – by 1.08 / 1.17 and 1.58 / 1.62 times, respectively, Significantly (p < 0.05) more pronounced decrease in average daily, average daily and average nighttime SBP / DBP during ABPM – by 1.13 / 1.20, 1.11 / 1.20, 1.23 / 1.25 and 1.47 / 1.31, 1.42 / 1.19, 1.54 / 1.41 times, respectively; reliably (p < 0.05) more frequent registration of the dipper rhythm type SBP / DBP – 1.6 / 1.4 and 1.6 / 1.4 times, respectively. In addition, the dynamics of patients in the first and third groups showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the mean daily and mean nighttime SBP / DBP variability (SBP in the first group by 27.3 and 41.3 %, respectively; DBP in the first group by 20.1 and 26.3 %, respectively; SBP in the third group by 13.5 and 25.2 %, respectively; DBP in the third group by 12.2 and 28.2 %, respectively). Conclusions. With various manifestations of desynchronosis of circadian rhythms of blood pressure (AH, high normal blood pressure), the prescription of melatonin (Melatonin-SZ, Severnaya Zvezda, Russia) at a dose of 3 mg per day 30–40 minutes before bedtime for a month against the background of non-drug therapy and antihypertensive drugs led to a significantly more effective decrease in blood pressure at its office measurement, DMAD, ABPM with an improvement in the circadian rhythm of blood pressure and normalization of blood pressure variability.

The Impact of Angiotensin-II Receptor Blockers on Cardiovascular Events in Hypertensive Patients – Evidence from Real-life Databases

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Robert J Petrella ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽  
Real World Setting ◽  
Actual Experience ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact

It is widely recognised that hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of future cardiovascular (CV) events, which in turn are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Blood pressure (BP) control with antihypertensive drugs has been shown to reduce the risk of CV events. Angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) are one such class of antihypertensive drugs and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have shown ARB-based therapies to have effective BP-lowering properties. However, data obtained under these tightly controlled settings do not necessarily reflect actual experience in clinical practice. Real-life databases may offer alternative information that reflects an uncontrolled real-world setting and complements and expands on the findings of clinical trials. Recent analyses of practice-based real-life databases have shown ARB-based therapies to be associated with better persistence and adherence rates and with superior BP control than non-ARB-based therapies. Analyses of real-life databases also suggest that ARB-based therapies may be associated with a lower risk of CV events than other antihypertensive-drug-based therapies.

Evaluation of the impacts of some antihypertensive drugs on hydrodynamics in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
K.K. Abulkasimova ◽  
◽  
M.K. Karimova ◽  
M.A. Zakirhodjayeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle

Актуальность. Одним из главных патогенетических звеньев, определяющих характер течения глаукомы, является нарушение гидродинамики глаза. Цель. Сравнительная оценка влияния гипотензивных препаратов на гидродинамику глаза у больных с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой с нестабилизированным уровнем внутриглазного давления (ВГД). Материал и методы. На базе РСНПМЦМГ нами обследованы 60 больных (106 глаз) с ПОУГ I, II и III стадии с нестабилизированным уровнем ВГД и были разделены на 2 группы: 1-группа – 30 больных (52 глаза), которым в качестве гипотензивного средства применялся препарат Офтан-Тимолол 0,5% («Santen») 2 раза в сутки, 30 больным (54 глаза) 2-группы был назначен новый гипотензивный препарат Прессимол («Aseptica») 0,5% 2 раза в день. Динамическое и контрольное исследование гидродинамики глаза проводили до лечения, через 10 дней и через 1 месяц в процессе лечения по методу упрощенной тонографии по А.П. Нестерову. Результаты. В обеих группах отмечалось достоверное снижение коэффициента Беккера (КБ) в среднем в 1,9 раза по сравнению с исходным (р<0,05), а P0 снизилось в среднем на 1,4–1,7 мм.рт. ст. Среднее значение коэффициента легкости оттока достигло 0,49 мм3/мин. Однако, продукция водянистой влаги менялась в значительной степени, на 16-19% от исходного уровня. Выводы. Указанные препараты в обеих исследуемых группах достоверно нормализовали показатели гидродинамики глаз больных глаукомой за счет снижения выработки водянистой влаги.

Problems of treatment of primary openangle glaucoma in combination with thrombosis of the central retinal vein

GlaucomaNews ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
T.E. Lipatkina ◽  
◽  
Е.V. Karlova ◽  
A.V. Zolotarev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Edema ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Retinal Edema ◽  
Long Term Preservation ◽  
Central Retinal Vein

Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and ophthalmic hypertension have an increased likelihood of developing occlusions (thrombosis) of the central retinal vein. Different groups of antihypertensive drugs differ in their mechanism of action and may affect concomitant ocular pathology, in particular, retinal edema, which occurs, for example, in occlusion of the central retinal vein. Used in most patients with glaucoma, prostaglandin analogs can contribute to the long-term preservation of macular edema due to the effect on the permeability of the vascular wall. Preparations of other pharmacological groups, reducing the production of aqueous humor, on the contrary, may contribute to its regression. Therefore, the question of choosing a drug for antihypertensive therapy in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and concomitant macular edema is relevant and is for further study.

Time course of serum levels of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and soluble LIF receptor (sLIF-R) in development of stage II essential hypertension

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
О.А. Радаева ◽  
А.С. Симбирцев
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Vasoactive Substances ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension

Цель - изучение сывороточных уровней LIF, sLIr и их соотношение с гемодинамическими параметрами (ЧСС, САД, ДАД, ПАД, ЦАД, срАД, УО, МОК, ОПСС, СПВ) и содержанием вазоактивных веществ (AT II, ET-1, NO, ADMA, SDMA, eNOS, iNOS, NT-proСNP, NT-proBNP) у пациентов с эссенциальной артериальной гипертензией (ЭАГ) II стадии. Методы: количество LIF, sLIF-R/gp190 и вазоактивные вещества в сыворотке определяли иммуноферментным методом. Результаты: у пациентов с ЭАГ II стадии вне зависимости от проведения гипотензивной терапии была более высокая концентрация LIF (7,54 (2,8) пг/мл, 7,5 (2,1) пг/мл), по сравнению с условно здоровыми - 1,25 (0,5) пг/мл, р<0,001. При этом у пациентов, не получавших гипотензивные препараты, увеличивался уровень sLIr - (5800 (1470 pg/ml)) по сравнению с больными на фоне гипотензивной терапии (4100 (1380) пг/мл, р<0,001) и условно здоровыми (3800 (1100) пг/мл, р<0,001). При уровне sLIF-R выше 4800 пг/мл обнаруживали связь с увеличением содержания в сыворотке iNOS, NT-proBNP, ADMA, SDMA, (r = 0,5-0,8, р<0,05-0,001) и уменьшением уровня eNOS (r = -0,56-0,86, р<0,05-0,001), что соответствует прогрессированию заболевания. Корреляции между LIF и указанными вазоактивными веществами выявлено не было, что дает основание предполагать, что sLIFr вызывает собственные патогенетические эффекты помимо антагонистической активности по отношению к LIF. Aim. To study levels of serum LIF and sLIF-R and their correlations with hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, systolic BP, diastolic BP, pulse pressure, central BP, mean BP, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance, and pulse wave velocity) and vasoactive substances (AT II, ET-1, NO, ADMA, SDMA, eNOS, iNOS, NT-proСNP, and NT-proBNP) in patients with stage II essential arterial hypertension (EAH). Methods. Serum levels of LIF and sLIF-R/gp190 were measured using ELISA in 180 patients with stage II ЕAН. Results: Patients with EAH II (with or without antihypertensive therapy) had higher serum levels of LIF (7.54 (2.8) pg/ml and 7.5 (2.1) pg/ml, respectively) compared to healthy individuals (1.25 (0.5) pg/ml), р<0.001. Patients not receiving a therapy had higher serum levels of sLIF-R (5800 (1470 pg/ml) than patients receiving antihypertensive drugs (4100 (1380) pg/ml, р<0.001) and healthy individual (3800 (1100) pg/ml, р<0.001). In patients with EAH, sLIF-R levels higher than 4800 pg/ml correlated with increases in iNOS, NT-proBNP, ADMA, and SDMA (r = 0.5-0.8, р<0.05-0.001) and decreases in eNOS (r = -0.56-0.86, р<0.05-0.001), which corresponded to disease progression. LIF did not show any significant correlations with these vasoactive substances, which suggested that sLIF-R exerted its own pathogenetic effects besides antagonizing LIF. Generally, this trend was typical for patients with EAH (II stage) without antihypertensive therapy.

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