scholarly journals In situ marker-based assessment of leaf trait evolutionary potential in a marginal European beech population

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bontemps ◽  
F. Lefèvre ◽  
H. Davi ◽  
S. Oddou-Muratorio
Keyword(s):  
European Beech ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Leaf Trait

scholarly journals The relevance of pedigrees in the conservation genomics era.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Galla ◽  
Liz Brown ◽  
Yvette Couch-Lewis ◽  
Ilina Cubrinovska ◽  
Daryl Eason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Data Uncertainty ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Genomics ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Species Management ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

Over the past 50 years conservation genetics has developed a substantive toolbox to inform species management. One of the most long-standing tools available to manage genetics - the pedigree - has been widely used to characterize diversity and maximize evolutionary potential in threatened populations. Now, with the ability to use high throughput sequencing (HTS) to estimate relatedness, inbreeding, and genome-wide functional diversity, some have asked whether it is warranted for conservation biologists to continue collecting and collating pedigrees for species management. In this perspective, we argue that pedigrees remain a relevant tool, and when combined with genomic data, create an invaluable resource for conservation genomic management. Genomic data can address pedigree pitfalls (e.g., founder relatedness, missing data, uncertainty), and in return robust pedigrees allow for more nuanced research design, including well-informed sampling strategies and quantitative analyses (e.g., heritability, linkage) to better inform genomic inquiry. We further contend that building and maintaining pedigrees provides an opportunity to strengthen trusted relationships among conservation researchers, practitioners, Indigenous Peoples, and local communities. Keywords: conservation genomics, quantitative genetics, pedigree, kinship,ex situ , in situ

scholarly journals Loss of leaf-out and flowering synchrony under global warming

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin M. Zohner ◽  
Lidong Mo ◽  
Susanne S. Renner
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Flowering Synchrony ◽  
Climate Manipulation

AbstractThe temporal overlap of phenological stages, phenological synchrony, crucially influences ecosystem functioning. For flowering, among-individual synchrony influences gene flow. For leaf-out, it affects interactions with herbivores and competing plants. If individuals differ in their reaction to the ongoing change in global climate, this should affect population-level synchrony. Here, we use climate-manipulation experiments, Pan-European long-term (>15 years) observations, and common garden monitoring data on up to 72 woody and herbaceous species to study the effects of increasing temperatures on the extent of within-population leaf-out and flowering synchrony. Warmer temperatures reduce in situ leaf-out and flowering synchrony by up to 55%, and experiments on European beech provide a mechanism for how individual genetic differences may explain this finding. The rapid loss of reproductive and vegetative synchrony in European plants predicts changes in their gene flow and trophic interactions, but community-wide consequences remain largely unknown.

Treatment of European beech with a new wood fire retardant agent based on in situ deposition of calcium oxalate

Holzforschung ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1047-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Franke ◽  
Thomas Volkmer
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Potassium Oxalate ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
In Situ Deposition ◽  
Wood Fire ◽  
Weight Percentage Gain

Abstract European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) was impregnated in a two-step process with aqueous solutions of potassium oxalate and calcium chloride successively. These compounds are intended to react in situ to the water-insoluble salt calcium oxalate and the reaction by-product potassium chloride. In order to assess the treatability, the solid uptake after the first impregnation and after the treatment was examined. The fixation of the precipitated salts was measured in leaching tests according to the European standard EN 84. The reaction to fire of mineralized beech was tested following the standard ISO 11925-2. A weight percentage gain of appr. 35% indicates a sucessful treatment of the beech with the mineralization agents. The weight percentage gain after leaching indicates a sufficient fixation of calcium oxalate in the wood. Furthermore, results from flammability tests indicate improved fire resistance due to the mineralization.

scholarly journals Leaf trait modification in European beech trees in response to climatic and edaphic drought

Plant Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Weithmann ◽  
B. Schuldt ◽  
R. M. Link ◽  
D. Heil ◽  
S. Hoeber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Beech ◽  
Leaf Trait

Comparison of methods to quantify respirational carbon loss of coarse woody debris

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2738-2745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Herrmann ◽  
Jürgen Bauhus
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Carbon Loss ◽  
Dynamic Methods ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
Infrared Gas Analyser

Carbon (C) loss from coarse woody debris (CWD) may be important in forest ecosystem C budgets, yet there are no standard methods of quantifying it. Here we assessed respirational C loss of log segments of European beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.), to compare the two main measurement approaches (the static and dynamic methods using soda lime and an infrared gas analyser, IRGA) with three different measurement options for CWD logs. These included (i) incubation of the whole log segment, (ii) the use of small in situ chambers on the curved log surface, and (iii) extracted wedges of wood. On average, significantly higher amounts of CO2 were measured with the IRGA (125%) compared with soda lime. In addition, the soda lime method requires careful calibration of incubation length and amounts of soda lime used. Regardless of the measurement method and tree species, substantially higher amounts of CO2 were measured for whole log segments than for the other two options. Measuring respiration with small in situ chambers on logs or extracted wedges might underestimate real CO2 flux by up to 74%. We therefore recommend measurement of CWD respiration using gas analysers for large log segments.

Rendez vous with Saturn's rings

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 743-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry T. Nock
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Low Thrust ◽  
Ring Plane ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Total Impulse ◽  
Saturn's Rings

ABSTRACTA mission to rendezvous with the rings of Saturn is studied with regard to science rationale and instrumentation and engineering feasibility and design. Future detailedin situexploration of the rings of Saturn will require spacecraft systems with enormous propulsive capability. NASA is currently studying the critical technologies for just such a system, called Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP). Electric propulsion is the only technology which can effectively provide the required total impulse for this demanding mission. Furthermore, the power source must be nuclear because the solar energy reaching Saturn is only 1% of that at the Earth. An important aspect of this mission is the ability of the low thrust propulsion system to continuously boost the spacecraft above the ring plane as it spirals in toward Saturn, thus enabling scientific measurements of ring particles from only a few kilometers.

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