Molecular mechanisms in the reversible regulation of morphology, proliferation and collagen metabolism in hepatic stellate cells by the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular matrix

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (S1) ◽  
pp. S19-S32 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARUKI SENOO ◽  
KATSUYUKI IMAI ◽  
YOSHIKAZU MATANO ◽  
MITSURU SATO
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Hepatic Stellate Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Collagen Metabolism ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure

Zona Pellucida Proteins, Fibrils, and Matrix

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 695-715
Author(s):  
Eveline S. Litscher ◽  
Paul M. Wassarman
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Preimplantation Development ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
N Terminus

The zona pellucida (ZP) is an extracellular matrix that surrounds all mammalian oocytes, eggs, and early embryos and plays vital roles during oogenesis, fertilization, and preimplantation development. The ZP is composed of three or four glycosylated proteins, ZP1–4, that are synthesized, processed, secreted, and assembled into long, cross-linked fibrils by growing oocytes. ZP proteins have an immunoglobulin-like three-dimensional structure and a ZP domain that consists of two subdomains, ZP-N and ZP-C, with ZP-N of ZP2 and ZP3 required for fibril assembly. A ZP2–ZP3 dimer is located periodically along ZP fibrils that are cross-linked by ZP1, a protein with a proline-rich N terminus. Fibrils in the inner and outer regions of the ZP are oriented perpendicular and parallel to the oolemma, respectively, giving the ZP a multilayered appearance. Upon fertilization of eggs, modification of ZP2 and ZP3 results in changes in the ZP's physical and biological properties that have important consequences. Certain structural features of ZP proteins suggest that they may be amyloid-like proteins.

Fabrication and Characterization of P34HB Scaffolds with Oriented Microtubules

2014 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 318-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hui Wang ◽  
Lin Sang ◽  
Zhi Yong Wei ◽  
Li Jie Zhai ◽  
Min Qi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Significant Potential ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

Sponge-like scaffold with a specific three-dimensional structure resembling the actual extracellular matrix of a particular tissue show significant potential for the regeneration and repair of damaged anisotropic tissues. In this research, an oriented microtubular P34HB scaffold was prepared successfully. The mechanical property showed that anisotropy of modulus is much greater than a typical non-oriented scaffold. Altering the P34HB concentration allowed P34HB scaffolds to be produced with complex pore orientations, and anisotropy in pore size and alignment.

scholarly journals Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hepatic Fibrosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Minling Cao ◽  
Xiaoling Chi ◽  
Junmin Jiang ◽  
Guangjun Tian
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Hepatic Stellate Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Tissue Factors

<p>The occurrence of hepatic fibrosis is a multi-factor involved process. The key is the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Synthesis of extracellular matrix in the liver cells increases while degradation decreases. This paper reviews the tissue factors and the mechanism closely related to the forming of hepatic fibrosis.</p>

The Three-dimensional structure of frozen-hydrated nudaurelia capensis β virus

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
N. H. Olson ◽  
T. S. Baker ◽  
Wu Bo Mu ◽  
J. E. Johnson ◽  
D. A. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Nudaurelia capensis β virus (NβV) is an RNA virus of the South African Pine Emperor moth, Nudaurelia cytherea capensis (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). The NβV capsid is a T = 4 icosahedron that contains 60T = 240 subunits of the coat protein (Mr = 61,000). A three-dimensional reconstruction of the NβV capsid was previously computed from visions embedded in negative stain suspended over holes in a carbon film. We have re-examined the three-dimensional structure of NβV, using cryo-microscopy to examine the native, unstained structure of the virion and to provide a initial phasing model for high-resolution x-ray crystallographic studiesNβV was purified and prepared for cryo-microscopy as described. Micrographs were recorded ∼1 - 2 μm underfocus at a magnification of 49,000X with a total electron dose of about 1800 e-/nm2.

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