scholarly journals Trends in Incidence of Disability in Activities of Daily Living in Chinese Older Adults: 1993-2006

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajun Liang ◽  
Anna-Karin Welmer ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Aiqin Song ◽  
Laura Fratiglioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Chinese Older Adults

scholarly journals Rural-Urban Inequalities in Poor Self-Rated Health, Self-reported Functional Disabilities and Depression Among Chinese Older Adults: Evidence From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 and 2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiting Jiang ◽  
Bo Burström ◽  
Jiaying Chen ◽  
Kristina Burström
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Household Registration ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Functional Disabilities

Abstract BackgroundRural-urban inequalities in health among older adults in China have not been extensively studied from the national perspective. In particular, studies have not taken into account combinations of Hukou (household registration system in China) and actual residence, which may be important so as not to underestimate rural-urban differences. This study investigates rural-urban inequalities in prevalence of poor self-rated health, self-reported functional disabilities and depression among Chinese older adults in 2011 and 2015, and analyses sociodemographic determinants of rural-urban inequalities in self-reported health outcomes. MethodsData from the nationwide China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), on older adults aged 60 years and above in CHARLS 2011 and CHARLS 2015 were used. Only rural residents with rural Hukou and urban residents with urban Hukou were included. Sociodemographic factors, including age, sex, marital status, living arrangement, living near children, educational level and income were studied. Self-Rated Health (SRH) was assessed with a single question. Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) were used to measure self-reported functional abilities. The 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to measure self-reported depression. ResultsRural respondents had poorer socioeconomic status and higher prevalence of poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression than urban respondents. The levels of functional disabilities, both BADLs and IADLs, were similar in 2011 and 2015, while the prevalence of poor SRH and self-reported depression was lower in 2015, both among rural and urban respondents. Impairments increased with age and appeared at younger age among rural respondents compared to urban respondents. Being female, unmarried, with low educational level and low income increased the odds ratios of reporting poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression. Sensitivity analyses using only Hukou registration resulted in underestimation of rural-urban differences. ConclusionsThere were large rural-urban inequalities in poor SRH, self-reported functional disabilities and depression that were closely related to rural-urban differences in educational level and income. Key words : China; depression; functional ability; health inequalities; household registration system; older adults; rural-urban; self-rated health; social determinants of health

scholarly journals Rural-urban inequalities in poor self-rated health, functional disabilities and depression among Chinese older adults: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 and 2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiting Jiang ◽  
Bo Burström ◽  
Jiaying Chen ◽  
Kristina Burström
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Functional Disabilities

Abstract Background: The demand for healthcare and social services increases with the aging of the population and functional disabilities among older adults. Rural-urban inequalities in health have not been extensively studied previously from the national perspective, especially after classifying the effects of Hukou (household registration system in China) and residence. This study investigates rural-urban inequalities in prevalence of poor self-rated health, functional disabilities and self-reported depression among Chinese older adults and analyses determinants of rural-urban inequalities in self-reported health outcomes. Methods: The data originate from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which started in 2011 and collects data every two years, a representative sample in 28 provinces in China. Older adults aged 60 years and above in CHARLS 2011 and CHARLS 2015 were studied. Sociodemographic factors were studied, including age, sex, marital status, living arrangement, living near children, educational level and income. Self-Rated Health (SRH) was assessed with a single question. Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) were used to measure self-reported functional abilities. The 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to measure self-reported depression. Results: Rural respondents had poor socioeconomic status and higher prevalence of poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression than urban respondents. The levels of functional disabilities, both BADLs and IADLs, were similar in 2011 and 2015, while the prevalence of poor SRH and self-reported depression were lower in 2015, both among rural and urban respondents. Impairments increased with age, and appeared at younger age among rural respondents compared to urban respondents. Being female, unmarried, with low educational level and low income increased the odds ratios of reporting poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression. Living arrangement and living near children did not have significant impacts on health outcomes. Conclusions: Rural-urban inequalities in poor SRH, functional disabilities and depression were mainly related to educational level and income.

scholarly journals Physical Impairment, Insurance Coverage, and Healthcare Utilization Among U.S. Chinese Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
Jonas Attilus ◽  
Mengting Li ◽  
Qun Le ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Physical Impairment ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship between physical impairment and healthcare utilization is well studied. However, few studies examined this relationship among immigrant older adults whose health insurance status may represent a barrier to healthcare use. This study aims to examine the relationship between physical impairment, health insurance, and types of healthcare utilization. The PINE Study provided data of 3,157 Chinese older adults age 60 and over. Most (70.67%) of them had insurance. Physical function was assessed by Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. Healthcare utilization was evaluated by the times of physician visit (PV), ER, and hospitalization, separately, in the past two years. Logistic regression was used. After adjusting for covariates, among the insured patients, every one unit increase in ADL impairment was associated with higher odds of ER visit (OR:1.32 [95%CI 1.21-1.45]) and hospitalization (OR: 1.37, [95%CI 1.25-1.50]). Every one greater IADL impairment was associated with higher odds of PV (OR: 1.26, [95%CI 1.12-1.43]), ER visit (OR: 1.21, [95%CI 1.16-1.26]), and hospitalization (OR: 1.23, [95%CI 1.18-1.28]). Among the non-insured, every one unit increase in ADL impairment was associated with higher odds of ER visit (OR: 1.82, [95%CI 1.19-2.78]) and hospitalization (OR: 3.05, [95%CI 1.51-6.16]). Every one unit increase in IADL impairment was associated with higher odds of PV (OR: 1.24, [95% CI 1.09-1.42]), ER visit (OR: 1.33, [95% CI 1.17-1.52]), and hospitalization (OR: 1.53, [95%CI 1.32-1.76]). These findings highlight disparities in healthcare utilization. Longitudinal studies are needed to strengthen causality between physical impairment, health insurance, and healthcare utilization.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of the Function Impairment Screening Tool in Chinese Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxin Zhang ◽  
Pan Liu ◽  
Yiming Pan ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background: Physical function gradually decreases with age in older adults, affecting their independence and quality of life and leaving them prone to adverse outcomes. Despite the importance of assessing function for older adults, most studies have focused on disability and paid less attention to functional impairment. Thus, given the lack of valid and practical methods for evaluating functional impairment for older adults, we developed the function impairment screening tool (FIST) using the Delphi method.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the FIST in Chinese older adults.Methods: A total of 489 participants aged 60 years or older, and who had completed the FIST were included. A subgroup of 50 participants completed the FIST a second time, 1 week after the first round, and the test–retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha. Validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis. Criterion-related validity was assessed using correlations between the FIST and the Barthel Index activities of daily living (ADL), Lawton, and Brody instrumental activities of daily living (LB-IADL).Results: The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the FIST was 0.930 (P < 0.001). The test–retest reliability was good, with an ICC of 0.928 (95% confidence interval [0.874, 0.960]). Exploratory factor analyses revealed one factor accounting for 60.14% of the scale's variance and the load values of every item were >0.4 (0.489–0.872). The correlation coefficient was 0.572 (P < 0.001) between the FIST score and ADL, and was 0.793 (P < 0.001) between the FIST score and IADL. The FIST score was positively correlated with walking speed (r = 0.475, P < 0.001) and grip strength (r = 0.307, P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with age (r = −0.588, P < 0.001) and Fried frailty phenotype (r = −0.594, P < 0.001).Conclusion: The FIST is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing physical function impairment in older adults.

scholarly journals Frailty as a predictor of future falls and disability: a four-year follow-up study of Chinese older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Zhang ◽  
Xinyi Zhao ◽  
Huiying Liu ◽  
Hua Ding
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lower Magnitude

Abstract Background Frailty, which is defined as aging-related multisystem impairments, can lead to adverse health outcomes. However, evidence for such a connection in Chinese older adults remains lacking. This study examined the association between frailty and future falls and disability among community-dwelling Chinese older adults. Methods Data were obtained from the 2011 and 2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Participants were aged 60 years and above at baseline in 2011 and completed the follow-up survey in 2015. Outcome measures were future falls, incident disability in activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and worsening performance of ADLs and IADLs. A multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between frailty phenotype and falls, incident disability, and worsening disability during a four-year period. Results We found that frail participants were at increased risk at follow-up for: falls (OR 1.54, 95% CI, 1.14–2.08); developing new ADL difficulties (OR 4.10, 95% CI, 2.79–6.03) and IADL difficulties (OR 3.06, 95% CI, 2.03–4.61); and worsening ADLs performance (OR 2.27, 95% CI, 1.27–4.06), after adjusting for potential confounders. Prefrailty was also significantly associated with future falls, incident disability in ADLs and IADLs, but with a lower magnitude of effect. Conclusions Frailty phenotype is an independent predictor of future falls, incident disability, and worsening performance in ADLs among Chinese older adults. The association suggests the need to pay special attention in caring for frail and prefrail elders and improving individuals’ frailty status.

scholarly journals Rural–Urban Inequalities in Poor Self-Rated Health, Self-Reported Functional Disabilities, and Depression among Chinese Older Adults: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 and 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6557
Author(s):  
Haiting Jiang ◽  
Bo Burström ◽  
Jiaying Chen ◽  
Kristina Burström
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Functional Disabilities

The household registration system (Hukou) in China classifies persons into rural or urban citizens and determines eligibility for state-provided services and welfare. Not taking actual residence into account may underestimate rural–urban differences. This study investigates rural–urban inequalities in self-reported health outcomes among older adults aged 60+, taking into account both Hukou and actual residence, adjusting for sociodemographic determinants, based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011 and 2015. Self-Rated Health (SRH) was assessed with a single question, functional abilities were assessed with the Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) scales, and depression was assessed with the 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Rural respondents had poorer socioeconomic status and higher prevalence of poor SRH, functional disabilities, and depression than urban respondents in both years, which were closely related to rural–urban differences in educational level and income. Impairments appeared at a younger age among rural respondents. Analyses using only Hukou registration and not actual residence resulted in underestimation of rural–urban differences. This study may serve as a basis for interventions to address rural–urban differences in health and social services and reduce health inequalities among Chinese older adults.

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