Increased salivary immunoglobulin A and reduced α-amylase activity in whole saliva from spastic cerebral palsy individuals

Secretory IgA is the main type of immunoglobulin in saliva and is considered to be the main secretion factor of adaptive immunity in the mouth. Objective: To assess the effect of Anti Retroviral Therapy on SIgA levels in saliva of HIV infected children. Study Design: A cross-sectional sample of 50 HIV infected children aged 6–8 years were divided into 2 groups ; Group 1: children prior to onset of anti-retroviral therapy and Group 2: children undergoing anti-retroviral therapy. Stimulated whole saliva samples were collected from each child following I hour of breakfast. The samples were placed on ice packs and immediately transferred to a laboratory, processed and total SIgA quantification was estimated using ELISA. Data obtained was statistically analyzed. Results: Among HIV infected children, significantly low SIgA levels of 6.2 mg/dl was seen in children prior to ART. Conclusion: Salivary IgA levels were significantly low in HIV infected children, particularly in children prior to ART.

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Comparison of Three Saliva Collection Methods to Assess Physiological Markers

Journal of Food Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.31487/j.jfnm.2020.01.05 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Ajmol Ali ◽

Carlene Starck ◽

Deborah K. Dulson ◽

Kay Rutherfurd-Markwick

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

Amylase Activity ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Sodium Potassium ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Saliva Collection ◽

Males And Females ◽

Physiological Markers ◽

Collection Methods ◽

Rest And Exercise

Background: To compare three saliva collection methods for examining salivary biomarkers in males and females at rest and exercise. Methods: Whole saliva was collected using drool method (unstimulated, UWS), mastication (stimulated, SWS) or using cotton-buds placed around the mouth (unstimulated, Bud) from 8males and 12females. Samples were analysed for flow rate, osmolality, sodium, potassium, chloride, secretory salivary immunoglobulin A (SIgA), α-amylase activity and cortisol during both rest and exercise in a randomised crossover design. Results: SWS and Bud methods were consistently more reliable than UWS, and Bud had the greatest reliability across all measures. Significant variations between all methods existed for total osmolality, sodium and SIgA concentrations; between UWS and SWS methods for flow rate and α-amylase activity, and between UWS and Bud methods for potassium. SWS most consistently replicated UWS patterns of analyte responses to exercise for both males and females and showed good agreement with UWS for cortisol. Both SWS and Bud data reflected the inverse α-amylase/cortisol relationship seen in UWS. Conclusion: SWS was better able to replicate results measured from UWS, between rest and exercise and between males and females. SWS and Bud methods can be used to inform comparisons between rest and exercise and males and females

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Circulating immune complexes, immunoglobulin G, salivary proteins and salivary immunoglobulin A in patients with Sjögren's syndrome

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh0904134h ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 137 (3-4) ◽

pp. 134-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Milos Hadzi-Mihailovic ◽

Ljiljana Jankovic ◽

Sasa Cakic

Keyword(s):

Immunoglobulin G ◽

Immune Complexes ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Circulating Immune Complexes ◽

Salivary Proteins ◽

Immune Reactivity ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Duration Of Disease ◽

Salivary Immunoglobulin A

Introduction. Sj?gren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder, with its major clinical manifestations resulting from changes in exocrine glands. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate serum concentrations of circulating immune complexes (CIC) and immunoglobulin G (IgG), and salivary proteins (SP) and salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in 40 patients with SS, and to correlate these values among themselves, as well as with the unstimulated salivary flow rate (USFR) and the duration of disease. Methods. The total of 40 patients were included in this research. CIC was determined using the solution of polyethylene glycol and IgG with the standard procedure of radial immunodiffusion. SP was investigated by the method of Lowry and sIgA was separated from the whole saliva using the method of immune chromatography. Results. The values of most of the studied parameters exceeded the normal range in a high degree: CIC 72.5%, IgG 70%, SP 80%. The concentrations of CIC were significantly higher in the patients with the duration of disease less than 10 years. With the decrease of USFR, the concentration of sIgA and IgG were increased with statistical significance. Conclusion The increased prevalence of abnormal values of CIC, IgG and SP indicate that the patients with SS have developed a higher level of immune reactivity. These results could be useful in diagnosis and disease activity monitoring.

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