Discrimination between viable and dead Xanthomonas fragariae in strawberry using viability PCR

2020 ◽  
Vol 168 (6) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey Immanuel ◽  
Robert Taylor ◽  
Stephanie Keeling ◽  
Cara Brosnahan ◽  
Brett Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Fragariae

Nomenclature Abstract for Xanthomonas fragariae Kennedy and King 1962 (Approved Lists 1980).

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Parker ◽  
Sarah Wigley ◽  
George M Garrity
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Fragariae

Xanthomonas fragariae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Saddler
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Night Time ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Xanthomonas Fragariae ◽  
Rain Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Xanthomonas fragariae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Fragaria × ananassa (Rosaceae); by artificial inoculation: Fragaria virginiana, F. vesca, Potentilla fruticosa and P. glandulosa (Rosaceae). DISEASE: Angular leaf spot and vascular decline or collapse of strawberry. First described in 1962 in North America. The leaf spot phase appears as minute water-soaked spots on the underside of leaves surrounded by the smallest veins. In the early stages symptoms are only visible on the leaf underside. Spots enlarge, coalesce, penetrate to the upper leaf surface and darken, turning into large, irregular necrotic areas. They have a shiny appearance and are usually covered by bacterial exudate which, when dry, turns brown and appears as gum-like scales. Spots coalesce more frequently along the primary and secondary veins. The dead tissues tear and break off, and the diseased leaf may assume a ragged appearance. Heavy losses may occur with frequent overhead sprinkler irrigation. The conditions favouring infection are moderate to cool daytime temperatures (about 20°C), low night-time temperatures and high humidities (MAAS, 1998). In addition, blossom blight of strawberry has been found in California and is caused by a complex of X. fragariae and Cladosporium cladosporioides (GUBLER et al., 1999). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Ethiopia, Réunion. NORTH AMERICA: Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec), USA (California, Florida, Kentucky, Minnesota, North Carolina, Wisconsin). SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Paulo), Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela. ASIA: Taiwan, Israel. AUSTRALASIA: Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria), New Zealand. EUROPE: Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy (Sicily), Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: Rain splash from infested leaf litter in the soil on to young healthy leaves. Penetration occurs through the stomata. Infections of the crowns occur through local wounds or downwards from affected leaves. Bacteria can overwinter in leaf litter and for many years in dried leaf material. Residues of infected leaves and crown infections on runners used for planting are sources of inoculum for primary infections.

scholarly journals First Report of Angular Leaf Spot on Strawberry Caused by Xanthomonas fragariae in Iran

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Kamangar ◽  
J. Van Vaerenbergh ◽  
S. Kamangar ◽  
M. Maes
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
First Report ◽  
Xanthomonas Fragariae

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis of Xanthomonas fragariae in strawberry leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Puławska ◽  
Monika Kałużna ◽  
Wojciech Warabieda ◽  
Joël F. Pothier ◽  
Michael Gétaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Xanthomonas Fragariae ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Miseq Platform ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Transcriptome Level

AbstractXanthomonas fragariae is a quarantine bacterial pathogen that causes angular leaf spot on strawberry. The aim of our study was to analyse the mechanism of interaction of this bacterium with its host plant at the transcriptome level. For this purpose, mRNAs of X. fragariae growing in Wilbrink’s medium and from infected strawberry cv. Elsanta plants were isolated and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The expression profiles of the bacteria in Wilbrink’s medium and in planta were very diverse. Of the 3939 CDSs recorded, 1995 had significantly different expression in planta (966 and 1029 genes were down- and upregulated, respectively). Among the genes showing increased expression in planta, those with eggNOG/COG (evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups/Cluster of Orthologous Groups) categories associated with bacterial cell motility, signal transduction, transport and metabolism of inorganic ions and carbohydrates and transcription were overrepresented. Among the genes with the most increased expression in planta, genes primarily associated with flagella synthesis and chemotaxis were found. It is also interesting to note that out of the 31 genes localized on a plasmid, 16 were expressed differently in planta, which may indicate their potential role in plant–pathogen interactions. Many genes with differentiated expression that were localized on chromosome and plasmid encode proteins of unknown function.

Outbreak of angular leaf spot, caused by Xanthomonas fragariae, in a Queensland strawberry germplasm collection

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Young ◽  
Thomas S. Marney ◽  
Mark Herrington ◽  
Don Hutton ◽  
Apollo O. Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Xanthomonas Fragariae

Relatedness of Strains of Xanthomonas fragariae by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, DNA-DNA Reassociation, and Fatty Acid Analyses

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 3961-3965 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Roberts ◽  
N. C. Hodge ◽  
H. Bouzar ◽  
J. B. Jones ◽  
R. E. Stall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Dna Reassociation ◽  
Xanthomonas Fragariae ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

ABSTRACT The levels of relatedness of strains of Xanthomonas fragariae collected over several years from locations in Canada and the United States were compared by determining fatty acid methyl ester profiles, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis, and DNA-DNA reassociation values. Based on qualitative and quantitative differences in fatty acid profiles, the strains were divided into nine groups and four groups by the MIDI “10% rule” and unweighted pair analysis, respectively. Restriction analysis of genomic DNA by PFGE with two endonucleases (XbaI and SpeI) revealed four distinct profiles. When a third endonuclease (VspI) was used, one group was divided into three subgroups. The profile of the American Type Culture Collection type strain differed from the profile of every other strain of X. fragariae. Considerable diversity was observed within X. fragariae, although the majority of the strains represented a clonal population. The four groups based on fatty acid profiles were similar to the four groups based on RFLP, but neither method related groups to the geographic origins of the strains. The DNA-DNA reassociation values were high for representative strains, providing evidence that all of the strains belong to the same species.

ATTEMPTS TO DETECT XANTHOMONAS FRAGARIAE IN SYMPTOMLESS STRAWBERRY PLANTS

1989 ◽  
pp. 601-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Calzolari ◽  
U. Mazzucchi
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Fragariae

SENSITIVITY SCREENING OF COMMONLY GROWN STRAWBERRY CULTIVARS TOWARDS ANGULAR LEAF SPOT CAUSED BY XANTHOMONAS FRAGARIAE

2009 ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Desmet ◽  
M. Maes ◽  
J. Van Vaerenbergh ◽  
L. Verbraeken ◽  
W. Baets
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Xanthomonas Fragariae ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars
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