A novel role for the pineal gland: Regulating seasonal shifts in the gut microbiota of Siberian hamsters

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyan K. Shor ◽  
Shawn P. Brown ◽  
David A. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Siberian Hamsters ◽  
Seasonal Shifts

scholarly journals Seasonal Shifts in Gut Microbiota‐Mediated Nitrogen Recycling in 13‐Lined Ground Squirrels

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Regan ◽  
Kristen M. Verdoorn ◽  
Edna Chiang ◽  
Sadie R. Gugel ◽  
Fariba M. Assadi‐Porter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Nitrogen Recycling ◽  
Seasonal Shifts

Reception of photoperiodic information by fetal siberian hamsters: Role of the mother's pineal gland

1989 ◽  
Vol 252 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Elliott ◽  
Bruce D. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Siberian Hamsters

scholarly journals Seasonal Shifts in Diet and Gut Microbiota of the American Bison (Bison bison)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e0142409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaddy T. Bergmann ◽  
Joseph M. Craine ◽  
Michael S. Robeson ◽  
Noah Fierer
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bison Bison ◽  
Seasonal Shifts

scholarly journals Effects of Acupuncture Treatment in Reducing Sleep Disorder and Gut Microbiota Alterations in PCPA-Induced Insomnia Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jiajing Hong ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Junming Kan ◽  
Mingjun Liu ◽  
Dongyu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Medical Intervention

Chronic insomnia without intervention will do harm to people’s physical and psychological health as well as the quality of life. While ensuring efficacy, traditional Chinese medicine therapy, such as acupuncture, overcomes the side effects of drugs. However, the molecular mechanism of traditional medicine is unclear and it encounters many obstacles in repetitiveness and popularization. On the other side, the placebo effects also need to be eliminated during the intervention. In this study, a number of indicators such as duration of sleep latency, serum markers, pineal gland immunohistochemistry, and gut microbes were detected in the PCPA-induced insomnia mice to compare the effects between acupuncture and hypnotic drug treatments. Although the food intake and weight were not changed, the results show that serum maker and gut microbiota alterations were mediated by concurrent changes in sleep disorder induced by PCPA in mice. Compared with the PCPA-induced insomnia group, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and norepinephrine were reduced in serum, and the melatonin was increased in the pineal gland of the acupuncture group as well as zopiclone drug group. Moreover, the analysis results from 16S tag sequencing of the gut microbiome bacterial rRNA hypervariable region show the same improvement effects between the two medical intervention groups. A co-occurrence network analysis showed that blank and acupuncture networks exhibited higher similarity than sham and zopiclone networks and the sham network possessed the highest complexity of microbial communities. Taken together, the gut microbiome will likely be a new target for improving sleep disorders, and taking into account the side effects of hypnotic drugs, nonpharmacological interventions such as acupuncture may be an effective means and have greater clinical benefits.

Time course and role of the pineal gland in photoperiod control of innate immune cell functions in male Siberian hamsters

2005 ◽  
Vol 161 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Yellon ◽  
Kiam Kim ◽  
Allison R. Hadley ◽  
Long T. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Siberian Hamsters ◽  
Photoperiod Control

Folate and vitamin B-12 deficiencies additively impaired memory function and disturbed the gut microbiota in amyloid-β infused rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunmin Park ◽  
Sunna Kang ◽  
Da Sol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Folate And Vitamin B12

Abstract. Folate and vitamin B12(V-B12) deficiencies are associated with metabolic diseases that may impair memory function. We hypothesized that folate and V-B12 may differently alter mild cognitive impairment, glucose metabolism, and inflammation by modulating the gut microbiome in rats with Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like dementia. The hypothesis was examined in hippocampal amyloid-β infused rats, and its mechanism was explored. Rats that received an amyloid-β(25–35) infusion into the CA1 region of the hippocampus were fed either control(2.5 mg folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-CON, n = 10), no folate(0 folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FA, n = 10), no V-B12(2.5 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-V-B12, n = 10), or no folate plus no V-B12(0 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FAB12, n = 10) in high-fat diets for 8 weeks. AD-FA and AD-VB12 exacerbated bone mineral loss in the lumbar spine and femur whereas AD-FA lowered lean body mass in the hip compared to AD-CON(P < 0.05). Only AD-FAB12 exacerbated memory impairment by 1.3 and 1.4 folds, respectively, as measured by passive avoidance and water maze tests, compared to AD-CON(P < 0.01). Hippocampal insulin signaling and neuroinflammation were attenuated in AD-CON compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-FAB12 impaired the signaling (pAkt→pGSK-3β) and serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels the most among all groups. AD-CON decreased glucose tolerance by increasing insulin resistance compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-VB12 and AD-FAB12 increased insulin resistance by 1.2 and 1.3 folds, respectively, compared to the AD-CON. AD-CON and Non-AD-CON had a separate communities of gut microbiota. The relative counts of Bacteroidia were lower and those of Clostridia were higher in AD-CON than Non-AD-CON. AD-FA, but not V-B12, separated the gut microbiome community compared to AD-CON and AD-VB12(P = 0.009). In conclusion, folate and B-12 deficiencies impaired memory function by impairing hippocampal insulin signaling and gut microbiota in AD rats.

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