How COVID‐19 can cause autonomic dysfunctions and postural orthostatic syndrome?: A Review of mechanisms and evidence

Background: The study aims at identifying features predictive of early onset of dementia in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: 103 non-demented PD patients were evaluated on various scales at baseline and 89 patients at 3-year follow-up. Results: By the end of the study 43.8% of patients developed dementia. The development of dementia was linked to the baseline Mini Mental State Examination score (Pearson coefficient r = .404, p = 0.013), the presence of autonomic dysfunctions (r = −.621, p < 0.001) and insomnia (r = −.526, p = 0.001). A binary logistic regression analysis showed that the development of dementia was correlated strongly with the presence of autonomic dysfunctions (95% CI 2.60 to 52.83, p < 0.001), and insomnia (95% CI 0.60 to 0.95, p = 0.017). Conclusion: Patients with signs of autonomic dysfunction and insomnia are at higher risk for developing dementia and deserve closer monitoring of cognitive symptoms.

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Adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy without early autonomic dysfunctions linked to lamin B1 duplication: a phenotypic variant

Journal of Neurology ◽

10.1007/s00415-013-6958-3 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 260 (8) ◽

pp. 2124-2129 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ana Potic ◽

Aleksandra M. Pavlovic ◽

Graziella Uziel ◽

Dusko Kozic ◽

Jelena Ostojic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autosomal Dominant ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Lamin B1 ◽

Autonomic Dysfunctions ◽

Phenotypic Variant

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Patterns of recovery of autonomic dysfunctions and neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenics after acute psychotic episodes.

Journal of Abnormal Psychology ◽

10.1037/0021-843x.110.1.142 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 110 (1) ◽

pp. 142-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Robert Olbrich ◽

Peter Kirsch ◽

Heiderose Pfeiffer ◽

Lutz Mussgay

Keyword(s):

Neurocognitive Deficits ◽

Autonomic Dysfunctions

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Autonomic dysfunctions in dementia with Lewy bodies

Journal of Neurology ◽

10.1007/s00415-003-1029-9 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 250 (5) ◽

pp. 530-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Yoshihiko Horimoto ◽

Mitsuhiro Matsumoto ◽

Hiroyasu Akatsu ◽

Hiroyuki Ikari ◽

Kiyohide Kojima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽

Lewy Bodies ◽

Autonomic Dysfunctions

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Performance of the Parasympathetic Tone activity (PTA) index to predict mean arterial pressure variations in anaesthetized horses with different health conditions

10.21203/rs.3.rs-27993/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Christelle Mansour ◽

Rita Mocci ◽

Bruna Santangelo ◽

Rana Chaaya ◽

Bernard Allaouchiche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Significant Variation ◽

Threshold Value ◽

Health Condition ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Dynamic Variations ◽

Autonomic Dysfunctions ◽

Elective Group ◽

Parasympathetic Tone

Abstract Background The parasympathetic tone activity (PTA) is an index based on heart rate variability recently developed in animals to assess their relative parasympathetic tone and their analgesia nociception balance. The present study aimed to evaluate the variation of PTA in anaesthetized horses according to haemodynamic status and health conditions and to determine the performance of dynamic variations of PTA (∆PTA) to predict mean arterial pressure (MAP) variations. Results Thirty-nine client-horses admitted to the Veterinary Campus of Lyon were anaesthetized for elective or emergency surgery and divided into “Colic” and “Elective” groups. During anaesthesia, dobutamine was administered as treatment of hypotension (MAP < 60 mmHg). No significant variation of PTA and MAP were detected at steady-state and following cutaneous incision. PTA increased before each hypotension (+ 15% in Elective and + 11.4% in Colic group), conversely, the administration of dobutamine was accompanied by a significant decrease in PTA (-12.7% in Elective and − 9% in Colic group). Horses of the Colic group had lower PTA values than those in Elective group, whereas MAP didn’t differ between groups. Globally, to predict a 10% increase in MAP, ΔPTA performance was associated with: AUC ROC [95% CI] = 0.77 [0.70 to 0.83] (p < 0.0001), with a sensitivity of 88.2% and a specificity of 57.7% for a threshold value of − 1%. Besides, to predict a 10% decrease in MAP, ΔPTA performance was associated with: AUC ROC [95% CI] = 0.80 [0.73 to 0.85] (p < 0.0001), with a sensitivity of 62.5% and a specificity of 94.6% for a threshold value of 25%. Conclusions The PTA index in anaesthetized horses appears to be influenced by the haemodynamic status and the health condition. The shift toward lower PTA values in colic horses may potentially reflect a sympathetic tone predominance. Of clinical significance, a PTA increase of > 25% in 1 min showed fair performance to predict a MAP decrease of > 10% within 5 min but a decrease in PTA was poorly specific to predict an increase in MAP. Even though these results require further evaluation, this index may thus help to predict potential autonomic dysfunctions in sick animals.

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Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis in a 3-Year-Old Toddler with the Involvement of Severe Autonomic Dysfunctions in Gastrointestinal System: A Case Report

Journal of Pediatric Neurology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1623478 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (01) ◽

pp. 041-044 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Li-Ying Liu ◽

Yang-Yang Wang ◽

Ling-Yu Pang ◽

Gui-Xia Zhang ◽

Li-Ping Zou

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal System ◽

Immunomodulatory Treatment ◽

Gastrointestinal Dysmotility ◽

System A ◽

Aspartate Receptor ◽

Nmdar Encephalitis ◽

Rare Manifestation ◽

Autonomic Dysfunctions ◽

First Onset ◽

Receptor Antibodies

AbstractAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is under-recognized in children and adults. It is characterized by prominent neurologic and psychiatric features at first onset. Autonomic manifestations are rarer in children than in adults. We report a 3-year-old male patient with rare manifestation of severe autonomic dysfunctions of the gastrointestinal system and atypical prodromal symptoms. The serum and CSF of the patient were positive for anti-NMDA receptor antibodies, and his electroencephalogram results showed an “extreme delta brush” pattern. The patient had completely recovered by the sixth-month assessment after receiving first-line immunomodulatory treatment. Thus, anti-NMDAR encephalitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children with mental status changes and widespread autonomic dysfunction, particularly if symptoms are accompanied by gastrointestinal dysmotility and anhidrosis.

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Leprosy neuropathy: clinical presentations

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20130146 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 71 (9B) ◽

pp. 661-666 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Osvaldo J M Nascimento

Keyword(s):

Late Onset ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Multidrug Therapy ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Peripheral Nerve Involvement ◽

Inflammatory Neuropathy ◽

Leprosy Neuropathy ◽

Autonomic Dysfunctions

Leprosy is a chronic infectious peripheral neuropathy caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The different clinical presentations of the disease are determined by the quality of the host immune response. Early detection of leprosy and treatment by multidrug therapy are the most important steps in preventing deformity and disability. Thus the early recognition of the clinical leprosy presentation is essential. Mononeuritis, mononeuritis multiplex (MM), polyneuritis (MM summation) are the most frequent. The frequent anesthetic skin lesions are absent in the pure neuritic leprosy presentation form. Isolated peripheral nerve involvement is common, including the cranial ones. Arthritic presentation is occasionally seen, usually misdiagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis. Attention should be given to autonomic dysfunctions in leprosy. There are clinical presentations with severe neuropathic pain - painful small-fiber neuropathy. Leprous late-onset neuropathy (LLON) clinical presentation should be considered facing a patient who develop an inflammatory neuropathy many years after a previous skin leprosy treatment.

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Autonomic dysfunction and sleep disorders

10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0029 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Giovanna Calandra-Buonaura ◽

Pietro Cortelli

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disorders ◽

Sleep Disorder ◽

Autonomic Dysfunction ◽

Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽

Causal Mechanism ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Autonomic Dysfunctions ◽

The Impact

Autonomic dysfunctions are frequently associated with sleep disorders, as the autonomic nervous system and sleep are closely related from anatomical, physiological, and neurochemical points of view. The autonomic dysfunctions described in this chapter may result from a common pathogenetic mechanism that affects both the autonomic and the sleep functions, as in fatal familial insomnia, or from a prevalent expression of a primary disorder of autonomic regulation during sleep, as in congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. Alternatively, the autonomic dysfunction may be mainly caused by the sleep disorder, as observed in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, or the causal mechanism resulting in the association between the autonomic dysfunction and the sleep disorder has yet to be identified with certainty, as in narcolepsy with cataplexy and in REM sleep behavior disorder. The impact of the autonomic dysfunction on health and on patients’ quality of life is also reviewed.

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The Promise and Challenges of Developing miRNA-Based Therapeutics for Parkinson’s Disease

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells9040841 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 841 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Simoneide S. Titze-de-Almeida ◽

Cristina Soto-Sánchez ◽

Eduardo Fernandez ◽

James B. Koprich ◽

Jonathan M. Brotchie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Drug Targets ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Dopaminergic Transmission ◽

Complementary Sequences ◽

Autonomic Dysfunctions ◽

Specific Regulation ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Cell Transcriptome

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small double-stranded RNAs that exert a fine-tuning sequence-specific regulation of cell transcriptome. While one unique miRNA regulates hundreds of mRNAs, each mRNA molecule is commonly regulated by various miRNAs that bind to complementary sequences at 3’-untranslated regions for triggering the mechanism of RNA interference. Unfortunately, dysregulated miRNAs play critical roles in many disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the world. Treatment of this slowly, progressive, and yet incurable pathology challenges neurologists. In addition to L-DOPA that restores dopaminergic transmission and ameliorate motor signs (i.e., bradykinesia, rigidity, tremors), patients commonly receive medication for mood disorders and autonomic dysfunctions. However, the effectiveness of L-DOPA declines over time, and the L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias commonly appear and become highly disabling. The discovery of more effective therapies capable of slowing disease progression –a neuroprotective agent–remains a critical need in PD. The present review focus on miRNAs as promising drug targets for PD, examining their role in underlying mechanisms of the disease, the strategies for controlling aberrant expressions, and, finally, the current technologies for translating these small molecules from bench to clinics.

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