Genotypic‐specific responses caused by prolonged drought stress in smooth bromegrass (
            Bromus inermis
            ): Interactions with mating systems

Seedlings of a group of North American cultivars of smooth bromegrass were examined at the three-leaf stage for pubescence under greenhouse conditions. Southern strains showed 90–98% strongly pubescent seedlings while northern strains had 60–70% strongly pubescent seedlings. Saratoga, although considered southern in type, was less pubescent than all other cultivars except Polar. The degree of pubescence was greater in spring and early fall plantings than in winter plantings, indicating that pubescence depends on good light and temperature conditions. Strains nearly pure for strong pubescence were formed by repeated cycles of mass selection. Few inbred lines showed uniformity for pubescent or smooth seedlings. Pure-breeding smooth stocks were more difficult to produce than highly pubescent strains. Controlled crosses showed partial dominace for pubescence and little difference between reciprocals. Adjacent plantings of pubescent and smooth seedling stocks showed as much as 45% off-type seedlings from seed produced at the interface of plots. Contamination declined to 10% or less at 10 m from the border.

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NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF ALFALFA GROWN ALONE AND IN MIXTURE WITH GRASS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps85-102 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 787-791

Author(s):

H. A. BURITY ◽

B. E. COULMAN ◽

M. A. FARIS

Keyword(s):

Medicago Sativa ◽

Nitrogenase Activity ◽

Dactylis Glomerata ◽

Phleum Pratense ◽

Bromus Inermis ◽

Smooth Bromegrass ◽

Medicago Sativa L ◽

Dactylis Glomerata L ◽

Phleum Pratense L ◽

Nodule Tissue

A greenhouse experiment has shown that total nitrogenase activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is not significantly affected when grown in association with timothy (Phleum pratense L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) or orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) except after initial harvest when decreased alfalfa activity was associated with smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass. It was concluded that mixed cultures of alfalfa with timothy, smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass have no effect on alfalfa N2 fixation. The results also suggest the occurrence of N transference from alfalfa to associated grasses. It is speculated that this transfer is not primarily due to the death of roots and nodule tissue (after harvest), but involves some degree of N excretion during the period before initial harvest.Key words: Alfalfa-grass mixtures, N2-fixation, nodule activity, N-transference

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EARLY SEEDLING VIGOUR AND SEED WEIGHT IN RELATION TO BREEDING IN SMOOTH BROMEGRASS, BROMUS INERMIS LEYSS.

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps60-037 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 268-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

W. E. Tossell

Keyword(s):

Seed Weight ◽

Field Trials ◽

Bromus Inermis ◽

Rapid Progress ◽

Initial Screening ◽

Agronomic Characters ◽

Smooth Bromegrass ◽

Seedling Vigour ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Early Seedling

Variability in early seedling vigour was studied in polycross progenies from highly selected plants rated as good in other agronomic characters and in open-pollinated progenies from previously unselected So plants. Differences were found in both groups in rate and per cent emergence, and in height and vigour at 28 days. Considering the variability observed in these characters and the favourable associations found, it appears that early seedling vigour in bromegrass can be improved by selection within the species.Seed weight was closely associated with early seedling vigour. Plants differed widely in seed weight, and in breeding for early seedling vigour it appears that most rapid progress can be made by screening breeding material for seed weight. Because seed weight did not account for all of the differences among progenies in seedling vigour, progenies from high seed weight plants or families should be subjected to a seedling vigour test to further select for this character. The close relationship found between greenhouse and field trials indicates that at least the initial screening can be done in the greenhouse.

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Smooth Bromegrass Response to Herbicides as Affected by Time of Application in Relation to Nitrogen Fertilization

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s004317450004769x ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 443-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M. K. McCarty ◽

C. J. Scifres

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Primary Site ◽

Bromus Inermis ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Severe Damage ◽

Smooth Bromegrass ◽

Time Of Application ◽

2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Made In

Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) treated in the fall tended to be more damaged than that treated in the spring, regardless of herbicide. Nitrogen fertilizer reduced the loss in yield resulting from herbicides but was least effective with 1 lb/A of 4-amino-3,4,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram). Laboratory studies showed that roots of smooth bromegrass were the primary site of picloram uptake. Root uptake explained the severe damage in curred from applications of picloram made in the fall. The order of increasing phytotoxicity of herbicides to smooth bromegrass studied in these experiments was 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)<2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (dicamba) < picloram.

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