scholarly journals The Bayesian Spatial Bradley–Terry model: Urban deprivation modelling in Tanzania

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowland G. Seymour ◽  
David Sirl ◽  
Simon P. Preston ◽  
Ian L. Dryden ◽  
Madeleine J. A. Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Deprivation

Reading Old Books

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mack
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Elizabeth Gaskell ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Ngugi Wa Thiong'o ◽  
First Century ◽  
Creative Power ◽  
Urban Deprivation ◽  
A Minor ◽  
International Character

In literary and cultural studies, “tradition” is a word everyone uses but few address critically. In this book, the author offers a wide-ranging exploration of the creative power of literary tradition, from the middle ages to the twenty-first century, revealing in new ways how it helps writers and readers make new works and meanings. The book argues that the best way to understand tradition is by examining the moments when a writer takes up an old text and writes something new out of a dialogue with that text and the promptings of the present situation. The book examines Petrarch as a user, instigator, and victim of tradition. It shows how Chaucer became the first great English writer by translating and adapting a minor poem by Boccaccio. It investigates how Ariosto, Tasso, and Spenser made new epic meanings by playing with assumptions, episodes, and phrases translated from their predecessors. It then analyzes how the Victorian novelist Elizabeth Gaskell drew on tradition to address the new problem of urban deprivation in Mary Barton. And, finally, it looks at how the Kenyan writer Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o, in his 2004 novel Wizard of the Crow, reflects on biblical, English literary, and African traditions. Drawing on key theorists, critics, historians, and sociologists, and stressing the international character of literary tradition, the book illuminates the not entirely free choices readers and writers make to create meaning in collaboration and competition with their models.

Scottish Health Authorities Revenue Equalisation

1978 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Forwell
Keyword(s):  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Urban Deprivation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Health Boards

A working party was set up by the Scottish Home and Health Department to consider the system of allocation of money to health boards. The system advocated (SHARE Report) is predictable from the NHS structure and the analogous report (RAWP) in England. The Secretary of State has announced his decision to accept SHARE in general principle. In principle, the Report is to be welcomed as a first step toward rationalising the distribution of health service money. However, work already published suggests the assumptions in SHARE require examination. SHARE would encourage individual health boards to plan for their own populations although thereby the greatest improvement in health services in Scotland may not be achieved. The SHARE objective of equal opportunity of securing access is open to various interpretations. Emphasis is laid on the recommendation in the Report for a comprehensive examination of the inter-relationship of social circumstances (in particular, urban deprivation), morbidity and mortality.

Mapping the Morphology of Urban Deprivation

2021 ◽  
pp. 305-323
Author(s):  
Monika Kuffer ◽  
Taïs Grippa ◽  
Claudio Persello ◽  
Hannes Taubenböck ◽  
Karin Pfeffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Deprivation

scholarly journals Spatial Information Gaps on Deprived Urban Areas (Slums) in Low-and-Middle-Income-Countries: A User-Centered Approach

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Monika Kuffer ◽  
Jon Wang ◽  
Dana R. Thomson ◽  
Stefanos Georganos ◽  
Angela Abascal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Urban Deprivation ◽  
Deprived Areas ◽  
User Centered

Routine and accurate data on deprivation are needed for urban planning and decision support at various scales (i.e., from community to international). However, analyzing information requirements of diverse users on urban deprivation, we found that data are often not available or inaccessible. To bridge this data gap, Earth Observation (EO) data can support access to frequently updated spatial information. However, a user-centered approach is urgently required for the production of EO-based mapping products. Combining an online survey and several forms of user interactions, we defined five system specifications (derived from user requirements) for designing an open-access spatial information system for deprived urban areas. First, gridded maps represent the optimal spatial granularity to deal with high uncertainties of boundaries of deprived areas and to protect privacy. Second, a high temporal granularity of 1–2 years is important to respond to the high spatial dynamics of urban areas. Third, detailed local-scale information should be part of a city-to-global information system. Fourth, both aspects, community assets and risks, need to be part of an information system, and such data need to be combined with local community-based information. Fifth, in particular, civil society and government users should have fair access to data that bridges the digital barriers. A data ecosystem on urban deprivation meeting these requirements will be able to support community-level action for improving living conditions in deprived areas, local science-based policymaking, and tracking progress towards global targets such as the SDGs.

Defining Urban Deprivation

2017 ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Norris
Keyword(s):  
Urban Deprivation

scholarly journals What does poverty feel like? Urban inequality and the politics of sensation

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1015-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rivke Jaffe ◽  
Eveline Dürr ◽  
Gareth A Jones ◽  
Alessandro Angelini ◽  
Alana Osbourne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Orleans ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Urban Inequality ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
Embodied Experiences ◽  
Urban Deprivation

The emergent field of ‘sensory urbanism’ studies how socio-spatial boundaries are policed through sensorial means. Such studies have tended to focus on either formal policies that seek to control territories and populations through a governance of the senses, or on more everyday micro-politics of exclusion where conflicts are articulated in a sensory form. This article seeks to extend this work by concentrating on contexts where people deliberately seek out sensory experiences that disturb their own physical sense of comfort and belonging. While engagement across lines of sensorial difference may often be antagonistic, we argue for a more nuanced exploration of sense disruption that attends to the complex political potential of sensory urbanism. Specifically, we focus on the politics of sensation in tours of low-income urban areas. Tourists enter these areas to immerse themselves in a different environment, to be moved by urban deprivation and to feel its affective force. What embodied experiences do tourists and residents associate with urban poverty? How do guides mobilise these sensations in tourism encounters, and what is their potential to disrupt established hierarchies of socio-spatial value? Drawing on a collaborative research project in Kingston, Mexico City, New Orleans and Rio de Janeiro, the article explores how tours offer tourists a sense of what poverty feels like. Experiencing these neighbourhoods in an intimate, embodied fashion often allows tourists to feel empathy and solidarity, yet these feelings are balanced by a sense of discomfort and distance, reminding tourists in a visceral way that they do not belong.

scholarly journals Brokers and Tours: Selling Urban Poverty and Violence in Latin America and the Caribbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
Eveline Dürr ◽  
Rivke Jaffe ◽  
Gareth A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Tour Guides ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Slum Tourism ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Urban Deprivation

This article explores how so-called “slum” tourism commodifies poverty and violence, transforming urban deprivation into a tourism product. In particular, we pay ethnographic attention to the role of brokers who mediate encounters between residents and tourists. The article explores how brokers—tour guides, art curators and civil society organizations—work to mediate power structures and enact a specific representational-performative politics. In so doing, brokers play a key role in aestheticizing and performing poverty and violence and converting disadvantaged spaces into a tourist product. We argue that brokers are vital to the reproduction of existing inequalities and to the formation of new social relationships and subjectivities.

Urban gardening and the struggle for social and spatial justice

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Spatial Politics ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Urban Gardening ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Power And Resistance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban Deprivation

It is increasingly clear that, alongside the spectacular forms of justice activism, the actually existing just city outcomes from different everyday practices of performative politics that produce transformative trajectories and alternative realities in response to particular injustices in situated contexts. The massive diffusion of urban gardening practices (including allotments, community gardens, guerrilla gardening and the multiple, inventive forms of gardening the city) deserve a special attention as experiential learning and in-becoming responses to spatial politics, able to articulate different forms of power and resistance to current state of unequal distribution of benefits and burdens in the urban space. While advancing their socio-environmental claims, urban gardeners makes evident that the physical disposition of living beings and non-living things can both determine and perpetuate injustices or create justice spaces. In so doing, urban gardeners question the inequality-biased structuring and functioning of social formations (most notably urban deprivation, lack of public decision and engagement, and marginalization processes); and conversely create (or allow the creation of) spaces of justice in contemporary cities. This book presents a selection of contributions investigating the possibility and capability of urban gardeners to effectively tackling with spatial injustice; and it offers the readers a sound theoretically-grounded reflections on the topic. Building upon on-the-field experiences in European cities, it presents a wide range of engaged scholarly researches that investigate whether, how and to what extend urban gardening is able to contrast inequalities and disparities in living conditions.

Policy Making for Urban Deprivation

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID L. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Urban Deprivation
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