scholarly journals Job search, transition to employment and discouragement among older unemployed welfare recipients in Germany

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Nivorozhkin ◽  
Eugene Nivorozhkin
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Transition To Employment

Social capital and job search behaviour of long-term welfare recipients

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (11/12) ◽  
pp. 738-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Varekamp ◽  
Trudie Knijn ◽  
Martin van der Gaag ◽  
Peter Bos
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Search Behaviour ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – Long-term welfare recipients in the Netherlands are either long-term unemployed or part-time employed in jobs that generate incomes below the subsistence level. The question is whether reintegration policies aiming at their return to – a fulltime – job should consider individual social network factors besides psychological and human capital factors. The purpose of this paper is to investigate welfare recipients’ job search behaviour, in particular how individual social capital is distributed, and whether it is related to job search activities. Design/methodology/approach – Standardised and structured interviews were conducted with 189 long-term unemployed welfare recipients. An adapted version of the Resource Generator instrument was used to measure individual access to social capital. Findings – Social capital scales measuring domestic social resources, status-related social resources, expert advice on regulations and financial matters, and advice on finding a job were developed and psychometrically tested. Status-related social resources were more easily accessible to men and higher educated persons. Advice on finding a job was more easily accessible to recently unemployed individuals. Domestic social resources were less accessible to ethnic minorities. Persons with more social capital, specifically status-related social resources and advice in finding a job, showed more active job search behaviour. Social implications – The differences in job search activities between respondents with more social capital and those with less social capital were present but to a small degree, and therefore there is no argument for reintegration activities to focus on enlarging social capital. Originality/value – This study addresses the instrumental functions of the social network by multidimensionally scrutinising the resources that social relationships provide access to.

scholarly journals Do German Welfare-to-Work Programmes Reduce Welfare Dependency and Increase Employment?

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Huber ◽  
Michael Lechner ◽  
Conny Wunsch ◽  
Thomas Walter
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Welfare To Work ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Major Reform ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Effect Heterogeneity

Abstract During the last decade, many Western economies reformed their welfare systems with the aim of activating welfare recipients by increasing welfare-to-work programmes (WTWP) and job-search enforcement. We evaluate the short-term effects of three important German WTWP implemented after a major reform in January 2005 (‘Hartz IV’), namely short training, further training with a planned duration of up to three months and public workfare programmes (‘One-Euro-Jobs’). Our analysis is based on a combination of a large-scale survey and administrative data that is rich with respect to individual, household, agency level and regional information. We use this richness of the data to base the econometric evaluation on a selection-on-observables approach. We find that short-term training programmes, on average, increase their participants’ employment perspectives. There is also considerable effect heterogeneity across different subgroups of participants that could be exploited to improve the allocation of welfare recipients to the specific programmes and thus increase overall programme effectiveness.

Job search of men and women on long-term social welfare

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 224-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Schels ◽  
Arne Bethmann
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Welfare Receipt ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the job search probability in welfare receipt over time for men and women in different household constellations, because it is a major concern in welfare states that long-term receipt is driven by recipients’ low job search activity. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyses the likelihood to search for a job for a sample of unemployed recipients of means-tested welfare benefits in Germany. Data basis is the panel study “Labour Market and Social Security” (PASS), and growth curve models are applied in this study. Findings Job search probability differs by household constellation and gender directly after the onset of welfare receipt; differences are less distinct for changes in job search probability over time. Only welfare recipients without children show a pronounced decline in search probability. Practical implications There is no evidence that welfare recipients’ overall cease to search for a job by and by. Financial incentives alone cannot stimulate the job search of welfare recipients, when the diverse motives of male and female recipients in various household constellations are not considered as well. Originality/value This paper is the first to study the long-term development in the job search probability and gender differences by household constellations.

Pathways to Employment: The Experiences of TANF Recipients with Employment Services

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Beimers ◽  
Robert L. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Work Readiness ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
North Central ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Temporary Assistance ◽  
The U.S

The passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 by the U.S. Congress required welfare recipients to quickly move into the workforce. Employment services agencies perform a key role in this process by providing welfare recipients with work readiness and job search skills. This article reviews the findings of an empirical study of the experiences and employment outcomes of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients referred to contracted employment services agencies. The study involves a random-sample survey of 151 TANF recipients in a large, urban, north-central county. The findings suggest that generic work readiness activities may be of limited utility unless they include job leads to actual employment opportunities. The article concludes with a discussion of critical issues for practitioners.

Transportation Planning Process for Linking Welfare Recipients to Jobs

1998 ◽  
Vol 1626 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Metaxatos ◽  
Siim Sööt ◽  
Vonu Thakuriah ◽  
Ashish Sen ◽  
Joseph DiJohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Welfare To Work ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Latent Demand ◽  
Transportation Service

The recent welfare reform act requires most current welfare recipients to be employed within 5 years. For any program to find jobs for those previously on welfare, transportation services need to be in place before the job search process begins. Therefore, it is essential that the latent demand for commuting among welfare recipients be assessed when any public transportation service is developed. Such a planning effort is described by ( a) providing an overview of the relevant issues relating to welfare to work, ( b) proposing a regionwide planning process, and ( c) demonstrating the process by implementing the first three steps, which rely on creative data preparation and analysis. Because the most recent data sets are not currently available, the implementation phase is considered to be preliminary, but it is crucial in testing the proposed regionwide planning procedure. A full-scale study is currently under way.

scholarly journals Economic Self-Sufficiency and Implementation of TANF in the District of Columbia

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ashley P. Simmons-Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
State Level ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Temporary Assistance ◽  
Depth Interviews

Even as federal policymakers debate the reauthorization of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) legislation, state-level activists are beginning to discuss the best ways to implement the policy in their locales. The District of Columbia has experienced the lowest reduction in percentage of welfare caseloads in the country since the 1996 welfare reauthorization. This study explores implementation of welfare policy that both facilitates and hinders the ability of DC welfare clients to become self-sufficient. The study features in-depth interviews with twenty-six welfare clients in the District to add individual voices to the quantitative data gathered on the topic. Specifically, this paper explores the context of welfare clients' lives before and once on welfare, and asks which welfare policies they perceive to be obstacles to their own self-sufficiency. A limited ability to save money, few childcare options, strict transportation and job search requirements, and poor relationships with caseworkers all hinder a client's ability to support herself without assistance from TANF. A qualitative analysis will show that welfare recipients want and are ready to be self sufficient and have clear ideas of the current barriers embedded within the welfare systems that make their personal escape from poverty more difficult.

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