First report of Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus in Nile tilapia in Brazil

SummaryIn June 2020, an atypical fatal outbreak in the Nile tilapia farm was investigated. Twenty-three animals were collected and different tissues were used for bacterial isolation, histopathological and electron microscopic examination, and viral detection using molecular methods. A large number of megalocytes were observed in the histopathological analysis of several tissues. Icosahedral virions, with a diameter of approximately 160 nm, were visualized inside the megalocytes through transmission electron microscopy of the spleen tissue. The virions were confirmed to be infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) through PCR and sequencing analyses of the fish samples. This viral pathogen is fatal in the early stages of Nile tilapia farms in the USA, Thailand, and Ghana; however, until now, there have been no reports from Brazil. In 14 of the sampled fish, Streptococcus agalactiae, Edwardsiella tarda, or Aeromonas hydrophila infections were also detected. This is the first report of fatal ISKNV infections in the Brazilian Nile tilapia fish farms.

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Refolded recombinant major capsid protein (MCP) from Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV) effectively stimulates serum specific antibody and immune related genes response in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Protein Expression and Purification ◽

10.1016/j.pep.2021.105876 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105876

Author(s):

Boonyalit Throngnumchai ◽

Sarocha Jitrakorn ◽

Pakkakul Sangsuriya ◽

Sasimanas Unajak ◽

Pongsak Khunrae ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Capsid Protein ◽

Specific Antibody ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Major Capsid Protein ◽

Necrosis Virus ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Immune Related Genes

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First report of black raspberry necrosis virus and raspberry leaf mottle virus in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s42161-020-00697-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Radulović ◽

Irena Mavrič-Pleško ◽

Francois Maclot ◽

Duska Delić ◽

Sebastien Massart

Keyword(s):

Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽

Mottle Virus ◽

Black Raspberry ◽

Necrosis Virus ◽

First Report

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First Report of Groundnut bud necrosis virus Infecting Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) in India

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-02-17-0259-pdn ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 101 (8) ◽

pp. 1559-1559 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Basavaraj ◽

A. Kumar ◽

S. K. Holkar ◽

R. K. Jain ◽

Bikash Mandal

Keyword(s):

Catharanthus Roseus ◽

Necrosis Virus ◽

First Report ◽

Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus

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First report of aquaculture-mediated introduction of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) into Lake Bosomtwe, Ghana

BioInvasions Records ◽

10.3391/bir.2020.9.4.17 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 834-841

Author(s):

Kwasi Obirikorang ◽

Michael Ansong ◽

Benjamin Gyampoh ◽

Gifty Attu

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

First Report ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Lake Bosomtwe

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First Report of Soybean vein necrosis virus in Soybean Fields of Oklahoma

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-05-13-0515-pdn ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 97 (12) ◽

pp. 1664-1664 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Ali ◽

O. A. Abdalla

Keyword(s):

Consensus Sequence ◽

The United States ◽

Necrosis Virus ◽

Potential Threat ◽

First Report ◽

Leaf Vein ◽

Three Samples ◽

Vein Necrosis ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Seed Crops

Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) causes a new emerging disease of soybean that has been recorded in more than 10 states (1,2,3,4) of the United States, but so far no information is available about its presence in soybean crops of Oklahoma. Surveys of commercial soybean fields were conducted for soybean viruses during summer of 2012. A total of 327 samples were randomly collected from soybean fields in 11 counties. Symptoms typical of SVNV infections including leaf chlorosis and leaf-vein necrosis were observed on some soybean plants in the field (4). All soybean leaf samples were tested against SVNV polyclonal antisera obtained from AC Diagnostics, Inc. (Fayetteville, AR) by dot-immunobinding assay (DIBA) (1). Fifty-three samples reacted positively with SVNV antisera. Total RNA was extracted from three DIBA-positive samples collected from soybean plants in Choctaw County and tested by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using SVNV-specific primers (forward primer 5′-ATGTTCTCTCTATAATAGCCA and reverse primer 5′-ACCCATAACAATTGATCAAGA-3′) that were designed from the available sequence in the GenBank (Accession No. GU722317.1) to amplify a fragment from RNA1. A band of the expected size of 344 bp was observed on a 1% agarose gel in all three samples. The PCR products were purified using QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA), cloned (pGEM-T Easy Vector, Promega, Madison, WI) and sequenced in both directions. The consensus sequence of the 344-bp fragment was 99% identical with the corresponding region of RNA 1 of SVNV isolate ‘Milan_TN’ (Accession No. GU722317.1). These results confirmed the presence of SVNV in soybean fields, which are mostly located in Criage, Choctaw, Hughes, LeFlore, Mayes, Muskogee, McCurtain, Okmulgee, Ottawa, Rogers, and Sequoyah counties of Oklahoma. None of the samples collected from north central or western parts of the state were positive against SVNV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SVNV in soybean crops in Oklahoma. Soybean is one of the major oil seed crops cultivated on approximately 200,000 hectares annually in Oklahoma and the presence of SVNV could pose a potential threat to the production of soybean in the future. References: (1) J. L. Jacobs and M. I. Chilvers. Plant Dis. 97:1387, 2013. (2) J. Han et al. Plant Dis. 97:693, 2013. (3) D. L. Smith et al. Plant Dis. 97:693, 2013. (4) J. Zhou et al. Virus Genes 43:289, 2011.

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First Report of Nemesia ring necrosis virus in Australasia in Nemesia and Verbena Plants from New Zealand

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-02-17-0160-pdn ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 101 (8) ◽

pp. 1558 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. L. Guy

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Necrosis Virus ◽

First Report

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First Report of Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) Infecting Sweet Bean in Nepal

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-08-12-0741-pdn ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 290-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. J. Pudashini ◽

M. S. Shahid ◽

K. T. Natsuaki

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Vector System ◽

Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus ◽

Necrosis Virus ◽

Systemic Necrosis ◽

First Report ◽

Bean Plants ◽

Test Kit ◽

Legume Crops ◽

Necrotic Spots

Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV; Family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus) infects legume crops in many regions of the world. It is transmitted in a non-persistent manner by aphids and is also readily seed-transmitted (3). Sweet bean (Lablab purpureus L.) is an important legume crop widely cultivated in Nepal. In December 2010, sweet bean plants with mottle and leaf deformation, severe mosaic, necrosis, malformation of leaves and pods, downward curling of leaves, and reduction in leaf size were observed in 20 different fields with 60 to 70% incidence in Nepal. ELISA was performed by using a universal Potyvirus antiserum test kit (Agdia Inc., Elkhart, IN) on 18 symptomatic leaf samples collected from five different locations (Malepatan, Lake side Fewataal, Darai village, Pakaudi, and Rampur) of Pokhara and Chitwan provinces and 15 out of 18 samples had a positive reaction. Filamentous shaped particles similar to Potyvirus of about 690 to 720 × 10 to 12 nm were observed by electron microscopy confirming the ELISA results. To further characterize the viral isolate(s), primary leaves of some legume crops (Phaseolus vulgaris, Glycine max, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, Vigna unguiculata, and Arachis hypogeae) and sweet bean were mechanically inoculated with sap prepared from the same leaves used for ELISA. Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Aron and G. max cv. Togenkyou plants showed necrotic spots on inoculated leaves followed by systemic necrosis and death. Psophocarpus tetragonolobus and V. unguiculata showed systemic mosaic symptoms, while A. hypogeae and sweet bean cv. Shirobhanafuji-mame showed necrotic spots and restricted veinal necrosis. Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa also showed chlorotic local lesions on inoculated leaves. For molecular identification, total RNA was isolated from 18 symptomatic plants using Trizol Reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was carried out using universal primer pairs that amplify the NIb-coat protein (CP) region including the 3′-untranslated regions (UTRs) of Potyvirus as described previously (1). An amplicon of approximately 1.7 kb was amplified and cloned using the pGEM-T Easy vector system (Promega, Fitchburg, WI). Two clones (GenBank Accession Nos. AB734777 and AB735585) with 99.9% sequence identity were selected for further analysis. These clones shared a maximum of 94% amino acid identity and 90% nucleotide identity in the CP region, and 93% nucleotide homology in the 3′-UTR with the ‘TN1’ (GenBank Accession No. U37076) strain of BCMNV isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris (2). These comparisons indicated that the viral isolates belong to the BCMNV species and are the causal agent of mosaic and necrosis observed on the sweet bean plants in Nepal. To our knowledge, this is the first report of BCMNV in Nepal and also the first report of BCMNV from sweet bean. References: (1) P. H. Berger et al. Arch. Virol. 142:1979, 1997. (2) J. Chen et al. Arch. Virol. 146:757, 2001. (3) Z. Hongying et al. Arch. Virol. 147:1257, 2002.

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