Genomic analyses provide comprehensive insights into the domestication of bast fiber crop ramie ( Boehmeria nivea )

Abstract Background: Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud (Ramie) produces one of the longest natural fibers in nature. The bark of ramie mainly comprises of the phloem tissue of stem and is the raw material for fiber. Therefore, identifying the molecular regulation of phloem development is important for understanding of bast fiber biosynthesis and improvement of fiber quality in ramie.Results: In this study, we collected top bud (TB), bark from internode elongating region (ER) and bark from internode fully elongated region (FER) from the ramie variety Zhongzhu No. 1. Histological study indicated that these samples contain phloem tissues at different developmental and maturation stages, with a higher degree of maturation of phloem tissue in FER. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed and de novo transcriptome was assembled. Unigenes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in these three samples were identified. The analysis of DEGs by using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) revealed clear differences in gene expression between ER and FER. Some unigenes involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis were up-regulated in both ER and FER, while unigenes for some cell wall components or cell wall modifications showed differential expression between ER and FER. In addition, the ethylene respond factors (ERFs) in the ethylene signaling pathway were up-regulated in FER, and ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase (KAO) and GA 20-oxidase (GA20ox) for gibberellins biosynthesis were up-regulated while GA 2-oxidase (GA2ox) for gibberellin inactivation was down-regulated in FER.Conclusions: Both morphological study and gene expression analysis supported a burst of phloem and vascular developmental processes during the fiber maturation in the ramie stem, and ethylene and gibberellin are likely to be involved in this process. Our findings provide novel insights into the phloem development and fiber maturation in ramie, which could be useful for fiber improvement in ramie and other fiber crops.

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Genetic transformation of the bast fiber plant ramie (Boehmeria nivea Gaud.) via Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) ◽

10.1007/s11240-009-9633-8 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 100 (2) ◽

pp. 165-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Xiongfeng Ma ◽

Chunming Yu ◽

Shouwei Tang ◽

Sandui Guo ◽

Rui Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽

Genetic Transformation ◽

Bast Fiber ◽

Boehmeria Nivea ◽

Fiber Plant

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Analysis of Bn MTL , a novel metallothionein‐like protein in the bast fiber crop Ramie ( Boehmeria nivea )

FEBS Open Bio ◽

10.1002/2211-5463.12705 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1632-1639 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gang Gao ◽

Jikang Chen ◽

Ping Chen ◽

Kunmei Chen ◽

Aminu Shehu Abubakar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bast Fiber ◽

Boehmeria Nivea

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Comparative transcriptomics of stem bark reveals genes associated with bast fiber development in Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud (ramie)

10.21203/rs.2.11390/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jiyong Xie ◽

Jiaqi Li ◽

Yucheng Jie ◽

Deyu Xie ◽

Di Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cell Wall ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

De Novo ◽

Fiber Quality ◽

Histological Study ◽

Raw Material ◽

Phloem Tissue ◽

Bast Fiber ◽

Boehmeria Nivea

Abstract Background: Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud (Ramie) produces one of the longest natural fibers in nature. The bark of ramie mainly comprises of the phloem tissue of stem and is the raw material for fiber. Therefore, identifying the molecular regulation of phloem development is important for understanding of bast fiber biosynthesis and improvement of fiber quality in ramie. Results: In this study, we collected top bud (TB), bark from internode elongating region (ER) and bark from internode fully elongated region (FER) from the ramie variety Zhongzhu No. 1. Histological study indicated that these samples contain phloem tissues at different developmental and maturation stages, with a higher degree of maturation of phloem tissue in FER. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in these three samples. The de novo transcriptome was assembled and unigenes were identified. The DEGs among TB, ER and FER were analyzed, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) studies revealed clear differences in gene expression between ER and FER. Some unigenes for secondary cell wall biosynthesis were up-regulated in both ER and FER, while unigenes for some cell wall components or cell wall modifications showed differential expression between ER and FER. In addition, ethylene activating pathway and gibberellins biosynthesis showed distinct regulation and coincided with the developmental stages of the samples. Conclusions: Both morphological study and gene expression analysis supported a burst of phloem and vascular developmental processes during the fiber maturation in the ramie stem, and the phytohormon ethylene and gibberellin are likely to be involved in this process. Our findings provide novel insights into the phloem development and fiber maturation in ramie, which could be useful for fiber improvement in ramie and other fiber crops.

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Transcriptome Assembly of the Bast Fiber Crop, Ramie, Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud. (Urticaceae)

Fibers ◽

10.3390/fib6010008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Louay Al-Ani ◽

Michael Deyholos

Keyword(s):

Transcriptome Assembly ◽

Bast Fiber ◽

Boehmeria Nivea

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Comparative transcriptomics of stem bark reveals genes associated with bast fiber development in Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud (ramie)

10.21203/rs.2.11390/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jiyong Xie ◽

Jiaqi Li ◽

Yucheng Jie ◽

Deyu Xie ◽

Di Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cell Wall ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

De Novo ◽

Fiber Quality ◽

Histological Study ◽

Raw Material ◽

Phloem Tissue ◽

Bast Fiber ◽

Boehmeria Nivea

Abstract Background: Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud (Ramie) produces one of the longest natural fibers in nature. The bark of ramie mainly comprises of the phloem tissue of stem and is the raw material for fiber. Therefore, identifying the molecular regulation of phloem development is important for understanding of bast fiber biosynthesis and improvement of fiber quality in ramie.Results: In this study, we collected top bud (TB), bark from internode elongating region (ER) and bark from internode fully elongated region (FER) from the ramie variety Zhongzhu No. 1. Histological study indicated that these samples contain phloem tissues at different developmental and maturation stages, with a higher degree of maturation of phloem tissue in FER. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in these three samples. The de novo transcriptome was assembled and unigenes were identified. The DEGs among TB, ER and FER were analyzed, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) studies revealed clear differences in gene expression between ER and FER. Some unigenes for secondary cell wall biosynthesis were up-regulated in both ER and FER, while unigenes for some cell wall components or cell wall modifications showed differential expression between ER and FER. In addition, ethylene activating pathway and gibberellins biosynthesis showed distinct regulation and coincided with the developmental stages of the samples. Conclusions: Both morphological study and gene expression analysis supported a burst of phloem and vascular developmental processes during the fiber maturation in the ramie stem, and the phytohormon ethylene and gibberellin are likely to be involved in this process. Our findings provide novel insights into the phloem development and fiber maturation in ramie, which could be useful for fiber improvement in ramie and other fiber crops.

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Comparative transcriptomics of stem bark reveals genes associated with bast fiber development in Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud (ramie)

10.21203/rs.2.11390/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jiyong Xie ◽

Jiaqi Li ◽

Yucheng Jie ◽

Deyu Xie ◽

Di Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cell Wall ◽

De Novo ◽

Fiber Quality ◽

Histological Study ◽

Raw Material ◽

Phloem Tissue ◽

Cell Wall Modification ◽

Bast Fiber ◽

Boehmeria Nivea

Abstract Background: Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud (Ramie) produces one of the longest natural fibers in nature. The bark of ramie is the raw material for fiber and primarily includes the entire phloem tissue of the plant stem. Therefore, identifying the molecular regulation of phloem development is important for the understanding of bast fiber biosynthesis and improvement in fiber quality in ramie. Results: In this study, we collected top bud (TB), bark from internode elongating region (ER) and bark from internode fully elongated region (FER) from the ramie variety Zhongzhu No. 1. Histological study indicated that these samples contain phloem tissues at different developmental and maturation stages, with a higher degree of maturation of phloem tissue in FER. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among these three samples. The de novo transcriptome was assembled and unigenes were identified. The DEGs among TB, ER and FER were analyzed, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) studies revealed clear differences in gene expression between ER and FER. Some unigenes for secondary cell wall biosynthesis were up-regulated in both ER and FER, and other cell wall components or cell wall modification related genes showed differential expression between ER and FER. In addition, ethylene activating pathway and gibberellins biosynthesis varied among samples in a stage dependent pattern. Conclusions: Both morphological study and gene expression analysis supported a burst of phloem and vascular development processes during the fiber maturation in the ramie stem. Two types of phytohormons, ethylene and gibberellin, might be involved in. Our findings provide novel insights into the phloem development and fiber maturation in ramie, which could be useful for fiber improvement in ramie and other fiber crops.

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