A Study of Biodiesel Production from Crude Jatropha Oil (CJO) with High Level of Free Fatty Acids

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazir Farouk ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar ◽  
A. E. Atabani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Reaction Condition ◽  
High Level

A two step-transesterification process was adopted to produce biodiesel from crude jatropha oil in lab scale and pilot plant. The crude jatropha oil used was sourced with high different level of free fatty acids. The first sample (FFA=4.5%) was subjected to pretreatment step under reaction condition of 0.225 v/v sulfuric acid (H2SO4), 6:1 w/w methanol (MeOH) to oil mole ratio, reaction temperature of 65°C, and 180 min of reaction time. Meanwhile, the second jatropha oil sample (FFA=8%) was subjected to pretreatment process in pilot plant under reaction condition of 0.225 v/v sulfuric acid (H2SO4), 4.5:1 w/w methanol (MeOH) to oil mole ratio, reaction temperature of 65°C, and 180 min of reaction time. Moreover, the esterifies oil from both jatropha oil samples was subjected to alkaline base step using base-catalyst process parameters of 1.2 w/w potassium hydroxide (KOH), 4.5:1 w/w methanol to oil mole ratio, reaction temperature of 60°C, and 120 min of reaction time. The final biodiesel yield obtained was 82% and 90% from the first and the second jatropha oil sample respectively. The basic physiochemical properties of the jatropha methyl ester produced from both jatropha oil samples were found to be within the ASTM D6751 specified limits.

Esterification of free fatty acids with supercritical methanol for biodiesel production and related kinetic study

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (64) ◽  
pp. 52072-52078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianwei Jin ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Jinhui Zeng ◽  
Chun Yang ◽  
Yuqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Supercritical Methanol

The interaction of raw material ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time on the esterification reaction of free fatty acids, and a kinetic analysis of it.

scholarly journals Optimization of pretreatment of Jatropha oil with high free fatty acids for biodiesel production

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriyono Suwito ◽  
Giuliano Dragone ◽  
Hary Sulistyo ◽  
Bardi Murachman ◽  
Suryo Purwono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Jatropha Oil

scholarly journals Heterogeneous Catalysis of Yemeni Jatropha oil over MgO/TiO2 Catalyst

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rokhsana M. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Tio2 Catalyst

Jatropha as an non edible plant is a promising plant for biodiesel production Positive environmental impacts from the cultivation of this plant including the improvement of wasteland, sustainable employment for local people, and carbon farming. For industrial biodiesel production, homogeneous basic catalyst, including KOH, NaOH, as well as potassium and sodium alkoxides, are commonly used for the transetrification of Jatropha oils with methanol to produce fatty acid methyl ester. However the base-catalyzed process suffers from several drawbacks, such as difficulty in recycling catalyst and environmental pollution. The aim of this paper is to circumvent homogeneous process problems, attempts to use heterogeneous catalysts in the transetrification of Jatropha oils.Titanium supported MgO catalyst samples ( 10 and 20 wt % MgO loading ) were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method and characterized using FTIR, XRF, BET and XRD techniques. These materials were tested as catalyst for the conversion of Jatropha oil to biodiesel in the presence of methanol. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and MgO loading on the Jatropha oil conversion have been established. It was observed that for the same reaction time and MgO loading, increasing the reaction temperature increased the biodiesel yield. For example, the oil conversion over 20% MgO/TiO2 catalyst after 60 min of reaction at 60ْ C, 150ْ C, 175ْ C, 200ْ C and 225ْ C was found to be 42,55,86,89 and 100% respectively. An increase in oil conversion was also observed when the reaction time was increased. For example, biodiesel yield of 37, 43, 50, 51, for 10% MgO/TiO2  after 15, 30, 45 and 60 min respectively were measured at 175ْ C.Catalytic properties for MgO/TiO2 solid catalyst were evaluated for the conversion of Jatropha oil to biodiesel. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and MgO loading on the Jatropha oil conversion have been established. It was observed that oil conversion increases with the increase in reaction temperature and reaction time. The effect of MgO loading on the Jatropha conversion was found to depend on the operating temperature. An increase in Jatropha oil conversion with an increase in MgO loading was observed at reaction temperature above 150ْC, So the cultivation of Jatropha in Yemen will improve the economic and environmental situation. In addition the researches should be continued for getting more reused catalyst with sufficient properties.

Kinetics of amidation of free fatty acids in jatropha oil as a prerequisite for biodiesel production

Fuel ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Priya Das ◽  
T.S.V.R. Neeharika ◽  
Chintha Sailu ◽  
V. Srikanth ◽  
T. Prathap Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Kinetics Of

Biodiesel Production from Silkworm Pupae Oil Using Solid Base Catalyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 711-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Shuang Gu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Na Pang ◽  
Fang Qin Wang ◽  
Cong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Base Catalyst ◽  
Solid Base Catalyst ◽  
Silkworm Pupae

How to dispose large amounts of free fatty acids of the desilked silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) pupae oil in a suitable way have attracted considerable attention. The feasibility of biodiesel production from the desilked silkworm pupae oil using Na2O•SiO2•5H2O as a solid base catalyst was investigated, and the experimental conditions (i. e. molar ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst concentration, reaction time and reaction temperature) were studied. The experimental results indicated that Na2O•SiO2•5H2O possesses high catalytic activity towards the synthesis of biodiesel from the desilked silkworm pupae oil. The methyl esters conversion of up to 73 % for free fatty acids of the desilked silkworm pupae oil was achieved using the following reaction conditions: catalyst concentration 5 %, the molar ratio of methanol to oil 6:1, reaction temperature 70 °C, and retention time 8 h. Therefore, the desilked silkworm pupae oil is proved to be a new biodiesel source in a more sustainable way.

scholarly journals Process optimization for biodiesel production from neutralized waste cooking oil and the effect of this biodiesel on engine performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzer Eryilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Cooking Oils

In this study, the methyl ester production process from neutralized waste cooking oils is optimized by using alkali-catalyzed (KOH) single-phase reaction. The optimization process is performed depending on the parameters, such as catalyst concentration, methanol/oil ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time. The optimum methyl ester conversion efficiency was 90.1% at the optimum conditions of 0.7 wt% of potassium hydroxide, 25 wt% methanol/oil ratio, 90 min reaction time and 60°C reaction temperature. After the fuel characteristics of the methyl ester obtained under optimum conditions were determined, the effect on engine performance, CO and NOx emissions of methyl ester was investigated in a diesel engine with a single cylinder and direct injection. When compared to diesel fuel, engine power and torque decreased when using methyl ester, and specific fuel consumption increased. NOx emission increases at a rate of 18.4% on average through use of methyl ester.

Removal of free fatty acids in Pongamia Pinnata (Karanja) oil using divinylbenzene-styrene copolymer resins for biodiesel production

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Sathya Selva Bala ◽  
K.V. Thiruvengadaravi ◽  
P. Senthil Kumar ◽  
M.P. Premkumar ◽  
Vaidyanathan Vinoth kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Pongamia Pinnata ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Styrene Copolymer ◽  
Karanja Oil

Biodiesel production from high free fatty acids content Jatropha curcas L. oil using dual step process

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purabi Mazumdar ◽  
Swaroopa Rani Dasari ◽  
Venu Babu Borugadda ◽  
Garima Srivasatava ◽  
L. Sahoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L
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