scholarly journals Analysis of Reproductive Characters in Hybrid Pig Combination (CLW x CL) x (D x Pn)

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Libor Sládek ◽  
Vladimír Mikule ◽  
Martina Behančínová
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reproductive Characters

The aim of the experiment was to analyse reproductive characters in hybrid pig combination (CLW x CL) x (D x Pn). These reproductive traits of sows were studied: number of all, live born and weaned piglets, loses from live born piglets till weaning. These influences with an impact on reproductive characters were monitored: order of litter, number of piglets in a litter, birth weight of piglets, influences of sex and litter order on birth weight of piglets. An average number of all born piglets per sow and litter it was 13.25 piglets. From this an average number of live born piglets it was 12.48 piglets per sow and litter and from each litter there was 11.40 of weaned piglets. The highest number of live born piglets was reached in sows on the fourth litter – 14.50 piglets. On eighth and nineth litter fertility decreased to 11.60 and 11.00 piglets. Statistical conclusive difference (P ≤ 0.05) was found between fourth (14.50) and nineth (11.00) litter. Among birth weight in both sexes a statistical conclusive difference (P ≤ 0.05) was found. Higher birth weight (1.46 kg) was found in boars in comparison with gilts (1.40 kg). The highest birth weights in gilts were reached in litters of sows on the second and nineth litters – 1.49 kg and 1.48 kg. Birth weight decreased on tenth litter with average weight of 1.28 kg. The highest birth weight in boars was detected on the seventh litter but on the seventh litter piglets of only one sow were weightened so the result 1.67 kg is not objective. The second highest average birth weight was reached on the third litters – 1.53 kg. On the contrary the lowest average birth weight was on the fourth and tenth litters where boars reached weight of 1.28 and 1.25 kg. Statistical conclusive difference (P ≤ 0.05) was found between the second (1.53 kg) and tenth (1.25 kg) litter.

scholarly journals Influences Which Affect Reproductive Characters of Sows in Studied Reproductive Breeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1653-1659
Author(s):  
Libor Sládek ◽  
Vladimír Mikule ◽  
Kateřina Wasserbauerová
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reproductive Characters

The aim of the study was to evaluate influences which affect reproductive characters of sows in chosen reproductive breeding. These reproductive traits of sows were studied: number of all, live born and weaned piglets, losses from live born piglets till weaning. These influences which affect reproductive characters were studied: order of litter, number of piglets in litter, birth weight of piglets and influence of sex on birth weight of piglets. An average number of all born piglets per litter it was 11.74 animals. From that 11.33 live born piglets per sow and litter. 10.15 piglets were weaned from each litter in average. It represents 11.68 % of losses in live born piglets till weaning. An influence of litter order on number of live born piglets in litter was studied in an experiment. The first litters show 11.36 of live born piglets in average, the second litters 10.38 piglets, the third litters 10.43 piglets and the fourth litters 10.75 piglets. Maximum was reached on fifth litter with 13.33 of live born piglets. From the sixth litter number of live born piglets was decreasing. On the sixth litter it was 12.33 piglets, on the seventh only 9.40 of live born piglets. Between fifth litter (13.33 piglets) and seventh litter (9.40 piglets) statistical conclusive difference (P ≤ 0.05) was found. The sixth litters showed the highest number of weaned piglets – 11.00. On the contrary the lowest number of weaned piglets it was on the seventh litter – 8.40 piglets. Statistical conclusive difference among the numbers of weaned piglets according to litter order it was not proved. Higher average birth weight (1.50 kg) was found in boars in comparison to gilts (1.46 kg). Next birth weight of gilts and boars was studied in dep endence on litter order. The lowest birth weight in both sexes was found on the first litters – gilts (1.27 kg) and boars (1.36 kg). Gilts reached the highest birth weights on the seconds and the sixths litters (1.62 kg). Statistical conclusive difference (P ≤ 0.05) was found in gilts among litters one (1.27 kg) and two (1.62 kg) respectively six (1.62 kg). Boars reached the lowest birth weight (1.36 kg) on the first litter. The highest birth weight of boars (1.73 kg) was reached on the fourth litter. Statistical conclusive difference (P ≤ 0.05) was found among these litters. Next statistical conclusive difference (P ≤ 0.05) was found between the first (1.36) and sixth (1.70 kg) litter and statistical conclusive difference (P ≤ 0.01) between the first and the second litter (1.68 kg).

Performance of purebred and crossbred rabbits in Australia: doe reproductive and pre-weaning litter traits

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 993 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Prayaga ◽  
S. J. Eady
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Successful Mating ◽  
Litter Traits ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Parity Number ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Foundation Stock

Data from a rabbit breeding experiment were analysed to compare the doe reproductive and pre-weaning litter performance of 3 breeds of rabbits, namely New Zealand White (N), Californian (C), and Flemish Giant (F), and their crosses CN (C × N) and FN (F × N). The foundation stock of 152 rabbits was collected from 26 different sources in New South Wales, Australia. Data on reproductive traits, doe age at first successful mating (DA), doe weight at first successful mating (DW) arising from 104 does, conception rate (CR) from 808 matings, and kindling interval (KI) from 325 records of 119 does were analysed. Overall means for reproductive traits DA, DW, CR, and KI were 21 weeks, 3.6 kg, 0.75, and 7.4 weeks, respectively. DA, CR, and KI did not differ significantly among different breeds and their crosses. DW of C does was found to be significantly lighter than all other breed crosses in the study. Month–year of mating significantly affected DA, DW, and CR (P < 0.01), and as the parity number increased, there was a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in KI. As age of the doe at mating increased there was a significant increase in DW (P < 0.01), CR (P < 0.05), and KI (P < 0.01). Data from 436 litters of 157 does were included in the analysis of pre-weaning litter traits. The overall means for the pre-weaning litter traits were: number born per litter (NB, 8.1), number born alive per litter (NBA, 6.9), number weaned per litter (NW, 3.3), total litter birth weight (TLBW, 453.7 g), live litter birth weight (LLBW, 397.1 g), litter weaning weight (LWW, 2.8 kg), and average birth weight of kits per litter (ABW, 58.1 g). Doe breed significantly affected NW (P < 0.05), TLBW (P <�0.01), LLBW (P < 0.05), LWW, and ABW (P < 0.01). N does and crossbred does (CN and FN) performed better than purebred F and C does for NW and LWW. A significant heterosis of 41.9% and 40.8% was observed in CN does for traits NW and LWW, respectively. ABW of F does was significantly higher than that of all other breed crosses in the study. Buck breed did not have any significant effect on any of the pre-weaning litter traits under study. Parity significantly affected NW (P < 0.05), TLBW (P < 0.01), LLBW (P < 0.05), and ABW (P < 0.01). First parity does produced litters with significantly lighter birth weights. The month–year of birth effect was significant for NW, LWW (P < 0.01), and ABW (P < 0.05).�The coefficients of variation for the doe reproductive traits and pre-weaning litter traits ranged between 12.1 and 59.5% and 16.1 and 93.3%, respectively. High phenotypic variances and coefficients of variation observed for traits NW and LWW indicate that good response could be realised through selection. Repeatability estimates for reproductive traits CR and KI were very low. Low to moderate repeatability estimates in the range 0.17–0.25 were observed for pre-weaning litter traits. Significant positive phenotypic correlations were observed between litter size and litter weight traits (0.30–0.97). A significant negative correlation was observed between ABW and NB (–0.56) and NBA (–0.36).

scholarly journals MATHERNAL ANEMIA AND BIRTHWEIGHT

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V Kozlovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Author has studied the average birth weight using the birth register from Syktyvkar and Vorkuta of Komi Republic. The prevalence of anemia was higher in Vorkuta. Infants born to woman with anemia were heavier than infants of non-anemic mothers were (Sykvyvkar, р<0,001). Babies of anemic mothers from the third or more deliveries were heavier than from the first deliveries (Vorkuta, p<0,001).

Shunt infection in the first year of life

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam A. Kebriaei ◽  
Mohammadali M. Shoja ◽  
Steven M. Salinas ◽  
Kristina L. Falkenstrom ◽  
Eric A. Sribnick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Shunt Infection ◽  
Csf Shunt ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Shunt Insertion ◽  
Average Birth Weight

Object Children younger than 1 year of age are unique in their physiology and comorbidities. Reports in the literature suggest that the risk factors for shunt infection may be different in this population compared with older children. Importantly, these infants often have other congenital malformations requiring various surgical interventions, which impose an additional risk of infection. Methods In the 3-year period between 2008 and 2010, 270 patients underwent initial CSF shunt placement during the 1st year of life. Clinical characteristics, hospital course, and shunt infections were prospectively recorded in the practice and hospital electronic medical record. Special attention was given to types and timing of other invasive procedures and their relationship with shunt infection. Results The average gestational age was 33.6 weeks, and the average birth weight was 2333 g. The average weight at the time of shunt insertion was 4281 g. Prior to shunt insertion, 120 patients underwent 148 surgical procedures, including ventricular access device insertion (n = 63), myelomeningocele closure (n = 37), and cardiac procedures (n = 11), among others. In the 12-month period after shunt insertion, 121 of the 270 patients underwent 135 surgical procedures, which included 79 CSF shunt revisions. Shunt infection occurred in 22 patients, and organisms were identified in 20 cases. Univariate analysis showed that of the very prematurely born infants (gestational age < 30 weeks), those who underwent preshunt cardiac surgery and any surgical procedures within 30 days after the shunt insertion were at a greater risk of shunt infection. In multivariate analysis, preshunt cardiac surgery and surgical procedures within 30 days postshunt placement were significant risk factors independent of gestational age, birth weight, and history of shunt revisions. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that surgical procedures within 30 days after shunt insertion and preshunt cardiac surgery are associated with a greater risk of shunt infection in children in whom these devices were inserted during the 1st year of life.

scholarly journals Faktor- faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada 1000 hari pertama kehidupan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-266
Author(s):  
Yunani Yunani ◽  
Yuniastini Yuniastini
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Number Of Children

Factors related to  the occurrence of stunting in the first 1000 days of lifeBackground: Stunting is a problem that occurs in children under five and is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five which is a form of chronic malnutrition, repeated infections, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation, especially in the First 1000 Days of Life, from fetus to child. two years old. The percentage of stunting under five in Indonesia is 30.8% in 2018. In Lampung Province, Pesawaran Regency is the second-highest in Lampung, which is 33.5% in the very short category and 17.3% in the short category.Purpose: To find out the factors related to  the occurrence of stunting in the first 1000 days of lifeMethod: The research method uses a descriptive method. The research sample is children in the first 1000 days of life in the Working Area of UPT Puskesmas Kota Dalam Pesawaran Regency in 2020. The number of samples is 266 consisting of 133 stunted children and 133 non-stunted children. Data collection uses a questionnaire.Results: Logistics Regression test found several variables related to stunting, namely the father's height (p=0.008) and the mother's knowledge (p=0.004). Meanwhile, the variables of maternal height, increased weight of pregnant women, birth weight, number of children, breastfeeding, maternal illness during pregnancy, income, distance to health facilities, were not associated with stunting.Conclusion: Descriptively, the data obtained are: The average father's height is 162.72 cm, the average height of the mother is 153.08 cm, the average weight gain during pregnancy is 8.49 kg, the average birth weight is 3114 g, the average knowledge value is 8.77 good category), the number of children is mostly 2 people, breastfeeding is mostly over 12 months, (59.4%), most of the mothers during pregnancy do not suffer from infectious diseases (worms, pulmonary TB, diarrhea), most of the family income is low (93.7%), most of the knowledge is sufficient.Suggestion: The management of the Public health center should improve health education for pre-pregnant women and provide to prevent stunting in their working area. As well as increasing community independence in nutritional adequacy.Keywords: Stunting; First 1000 days of life; Fetus; Weight of pregnancy; Number of children, Family income.Pendahuluan : Stunting merupakan masalah yang terjadi pada anak balita dan merupakan kondisi gagal  tumbuh  pada  anak  balita  yang  merupakan  salah  satu  bentuk  dari  malnutrisi kronis, infeksi berulang, dan stimulasi psikososial yang tidak memadai terutama dalam 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) yaitu sejak janin hingga anak berusia dua tahun. Persentase balita stunting di Indonesia 30.8 % pada tahun 2018. Di Propinsi Lampung, Kabupaten Pesawaran adalah nomor dua tertinggi di Lampung yakni sebesar 33,5% dalam kategori sangat pendek dan 17,3% dalam kategori pendek.Tujuan: Mengetahui factor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Stunting pada balita di Wilayah kerja UPT Puskesmas Kota Dalam Tahun 2020.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif, Sampel penelitian adalah anak  1000 hari  pertama kehidupan di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Kota Dalam Kab.Pesawaran Tahun 2020. Jumlah  sampel 266 terdiri dari anak stunting 133 dan  anak tidak stunting 133.  Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner.Hasil: Regresi Logistik menemukan beberapa variabel yang berhubungan dengan stunting yaitu tinggi badan ayah (p=0,000), usia ayah (p=0,000) usia ibu (p=0,009), pertambahan berat badan ibu hamil (p=0,029, jumlah anak (p =0,009) p=0,000), pendapatan keluarga (p=0,000).), weight gain of pregnant women (p=0.029, number of children (p=0.009) p=0.000), family income (p=0.000).Simpulan: Secara deskritif beberapa factor berkaitan erat dengan kejadian stunting dan beberapa factor dapat dicegah terjadinya stunting dengan peningkatan gizi dan nutrisi selama kehamilan.Saran: Manajemen Puskesmas supaya lebih peningkatan health education kepada ibu prahamil dan pendampingan untuk mencegah terjadinya stunting diwilayah kerjanya. Serta peningkatan kemandirian masyarakat dalam kecukupan nutrisi melalui  pemanfaatan halaman rumah.

Growth, food consumption and litter production of female pigs mated at puberty and at low body weights

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Pay ◽  
T. E. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Early Puberty ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Natural Service

SUMMARYGilts were allocated at 55 kg live weight to one of three treatments: 1. 1·4 kg of food daily to service, served at puberty, and 1·4 kg of food daily throughout pregnancy.2. 1·4 kg of food daily to service, served at the third heat, and 1·4 kg of food daily during pregnancy.3. 2·3 kg of food daily to service, served at the third heat, and 1·4 kg of food daily during pregnancy.An attempt was made to encourage early puberty by stimulation using the presence of a boar. Natural service with boars was used on all gilts.There were no significant differences between the treatments in time taken to reach puberty and the gilts were mated at 77, 97 and 116 kg live weight on Treatments 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The gilts on Treatment 1 had a significantly lower conception rate and a significantly smaller litter size than those on Treatments 2 and 3. However, the average birth weight did not vary significantly among treatments.

scholarly journals Growth of Arbia goat kids in an intensive production system in Setif, Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-467
Author(s):  
Hossem Sahraoui ◽  
Toufik Madani ◽  
Hamza Benmakhlouf ◽  
Mounira Bensalem ◽  
Khaled Fantazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Intensive System

The growth of 81 indigenous Arbia goat kids reared in an intensive system in Setif in northeastern Algeria was observed between birth and 70 days of age. The kids were dam-raised during the first month and then provided with 150 g/head/day of a total mixed ration and oat hay. The kids’ live weights were assessed at fasting and at different ages: 0, 10, 21, 30, 42, 60, and 70 days. The average daily gains (ADG) were also calculated. Growth results were presented for all kids by sex and litter size. The average birth weight was W0 = 2.53±0.19 kg, while the average weight at 70 days was W70 = 10.1±1.54 kg, which correspond to an overall daily weight gain of ADG0-70 = 108±21 g/day. The study showed that birth weight was affected by litter size, while growth after birth was mainly affected by sex. Birth weights were similar between males and females, but males grew faster (p<0.001) after birth. Single kids were heavier (p<0.05) than twins at 70 days of age, which is the consequence of a heavier birth weight and a faster growth rate in the first 10 days after birth (ADG0-10). After 10 days, litter size did not affect ADG. Compared to other indigenous populations, Arbia goat kids demonstrated valuable growth potential for meat production.

scholarly journals A comparative study of the reproductive traits and clustering analysis among different pig breeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Kramarenko ◽  
S.I. Lugovoy ◽  
A. V. Lykhach ◽  
A. S. Kramarenko ◽  
V. Ya. Lykhach
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Tree Diagram ◽  
Discriminatory Capacity ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

The data were from 149 pigs from seven pig genetic groups raised in «Tavriys'ki Svyni» Ltd (Kherson region, Ukraine). The following genetic groups were included in our analyses: LW × LW (n = 19), LW × LN (n = 43), LW × PT (n = 13), LN × LN (n = 15), UM × LN (n = 23), UM × PT (n = 17) and UM×UM (n = 16). The objective this work was evaluation of animal reproductive traits using multivariate analysis. Variables measured and derived included total no. piglets born (TNB), no. piglets born alive (NBA), freq. of stillborn piglets (FSB), total litter birth weight (TLBW), average piglet birth weight (APBW), pre-weaning mortality in piglets (PWM), no. weaned piglets (NW), total weaning weight of litter (TWWL) and average piglet weaning weight (APWW). After standardization, multivariate analyses (Cluster analysis and Principal Component Analysis) were carried out using STATISTICA (StatSoft Ltd.) to place pig interbreeding combinations in groups in accordance with their degree of similarity and verify discriminatory capacity of the original traits in the formation of these groups. The tree diagram showed clear distances between the pig genetic groups studied. In the tree diagram obtained from the analysis of the distances between interbreeding combinations, two distinct groups (clusters) were seen, one with UM × LN and UM × UM animals, and the other with the rest of the pig genetic groups in the study. The eigenvalues for the first two Principal Components (PC1 and PC2) together accounted for near 65% of the variance of the pig’s reproductive traits. The first principal component (PC1) explained 34.9% total variation. It was represented by significant positive loadings for TNB, NBA and TLBW. The second principal component (PC2) accounted for an additional 29.7% of the generalized variance and was represented by significant loadings for NW, TWWL and APWW. Thus, PC1 defined no. piglets and total litter birth weight, while PC2 represented no. weaned piglets and total weaning weight of litter. In conclusion, the multivariate methods (Cluster Analysis and PCA) has been proven to be a very effective method to obtain a synthetic judgment of reproductive traits in pig.

scholarly journals Preterm newborns at Kangaroo Mother Care: a cohort follow-up from birth to six months

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alexsandra da S. Menezes ◽  
Daniela Cavalcante Garcia ◽  
Enaldo Vieira de Melo ◽  
Rosana Cipolotti
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Breastfeeding Rate ◽  
Health Organization

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate clinical outcomes, growth and exclusive breastfeeding rates in premature infants assisted by Kangaroo Mother Care at birth, at discharge and at six months of life.METHODS: Prospective study of a premature infants cohort assisted by Kangaroo Mother Care in a tertiary public maternity in Northeast Brazil with birth weight ≤1750g and with clinical conditions for Kangaroo care.RESULTS: The sample was composed by 137 premature infants, being 62.8% female, with average birth weight of 1365±283g, average gestational age of 32±3 weeks and 26.2% were adequate for gestational age. They have been admitted in the Kangaroo Ward with a median of 13 days of life, weighing 1430±167g and, at this time, 57.7% were classified as small for corrected gestational age. They were discharged with 36.8±21.8 days of chronological age, weighing 1780±165g and 67.9% were small for corrected gestational age. At six months of life (n=76), they had an average weight of 5954±971g, and 68.4% presented corrected weight for gestational age between percentiles 15 and 85 of the World Health Organization (WHO) weight curve. Exclusive breastfeeding rate at discharge was 56.2% and, at six months of life, 14.4%.CONCLUSIONS: In the studied sample, almost two thirds of the children assisted by Kangaroo Mother Care were, at six months of life, between percentiles 15 and 85 of the WHO weight curves. The frequency of exclusive breastfeeding at six months was low.

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